{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T17:16:08Z","timestamp":1788455768515,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"34","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787184000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787184000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787184000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006261","name":"Taif University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006261","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The rapid emergence of insecticide resistance among agricultural pests underscores the urgent need for new bioactive chemical frameworks. Pyridazines have emerged as an attractive core structure for the innovation of next-generation agrochemicals. In this study, we synthesized and structurally characterized a series of novel 2-substituted methyl-3-oxo-5,6-diphenyl-2,3-dihydropyridazine-4-carbonitriles 4a, 4b, 6a, 6b, 8a\u2013g, and 10\u201314. All new compounds were tested for their insecticidal activity against the cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora. Moreover, molecular docking simulations, molecular dynamics simulations, density functional theory calculations, and other theoretical studies of some representative compounds were included. The bioassay results demonstrated that the new derivatives exhibited considerable insecticidal efficacy, with compound 13 showing activity comparable to that of the commercial reference acetamiprid. The robust concordance between experimental and computational results validates the designed analogues as promising candidates for sustainable crop protection and establishes a rational design paradigm for next-generation nAChR-targeting pesticides with enhanced efficacy and improved safety profiles.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.5c15677","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T21:01:30Z","timestamp":1787259690000},"page":"26944-26955","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pyridazine Derivatives\nas Insecticides: Synthesis,\nInsecticidal Activity, Molecular Docking, and Density Functional Theory\nStudies of Some New 2-Substituted Methyl-3-oxo-5,6-diphenyl-2,3-dihydropyridazine-4-carbonitriles"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Abdelhamid A. E.","family":"Soliman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Assiut University , , ,","place":["Assiut, Egypt, 71516"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8562-4749","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Magda H.","family":"Abdellattif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taif University , , P.O. Box 11099, ,","place":["Taif, Saudi Arabia, 21944"]},{"name":"Taif University , , ,","place":["Taif, Saudi Arabia, 21944"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaban M.","family":"Radwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assiut University , , ,","place":["Assiut, Egypt, 71516"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3994-5629","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Etify A.","family":"Bakhite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assiut University , , ,","place":["Assiut, Egypt, 71516"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4344-3584","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Remon M.","family":"Zaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assiut University , , ,","place":["Assiut, Egypt, 71516"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7850-7520","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mohamed A.","family":"Gad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agricultural Research Center , , ,","place":["Giza, Egypt, 12619"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzan","family":"Abuelhassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assiut University , , ,","place":["Assiut, Egypt, 71516"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026090311494838700_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1185383","article-title":"Food security: the challenge of feeding 9 billion people","volume":"327","author":"Godfray","year":"2010","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026090311494838700_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-819304-4.00003-8","article-title":"Pesticides, History, and Classification","volume-title":"Natural Remedies for Pest, Disease and Weed Control","author":"Abubakar","year":"2020"},{"key":"2026090311494838700_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1111\/brv.12440","article-title":"The evolutionary origins\nof pesticide resistance","volume":"94","author":"Hawkins","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biol. 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