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This review outlines the role of the gut microbiota in obesity, describes ginsenosides\u2019 direct antiobesity mechanisms (including appetite suppression, inhibition of fat synthesis, and promotion of energy expenditure), and highlights the bidirectional interaction between ginsenosides and gut microbiota. The gut microbiota metabolizes ginsenosides into more bioactive secondary saponins, which activate key signaling pathways, while conversely, ginsenosides reshape gut microbiota composition by enriching beneficial bacteria and promoting short-chain fatty acid production. This reciprocal interaction improves obesity and related metabolic disorders. Animal studies provide most current evidence, whereas human clinical trials remain limited. Future research should prioritize clinical translation and explore ginsenosides\u2019 combined effects with probiotics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.5c16211","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T12:01:47Z","timestamp":1790596907000},"page":"30463-30479","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Bidirectional\nInteraction between Ginsenosides\nand Intestinal Flora and Its Regulatory Mechanism of Antiobesity Effects"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Huiyu","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan Agricultural University , , , ,","place":["Changsha, Hunan, China, 410128"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiyuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan Agricultural University , , , ,","place":["Changsha, Hunan, China, 410128"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan Agricultural University , , , ,","place":["Changsha, Hunan, China, 410128"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9532-8444","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jun","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan Agricultural University , , , ,","place":["Changsha, Hunan, China, 410128"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9475-5134","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan Agricultural University , , , ,","place":["Changsha, Hunan, China, 410128"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026100711064730700_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(21)00118-2","article-title":"Health policy\nand public health implications of obesity in China","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol."},{"key":"2026100711064730700_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.1.4.841","article-title":"Orlistat in\nthe treatment of obesity","volume":"1","author":"Ballinger","year":"2000","journal-title":"Expert Opin. 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