{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T01:58:55Z","timestamp":1785463135002,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780531200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780531200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780531200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32102632"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32102632"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/na","name":"Science and Technology Research Project of Henan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["242102321133"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["242102321133"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/na","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/na","name":"Postgraduate Education Reform and Quality Improvement Project of Henan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["YJS2024JD51"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YJS2024JD51"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/na","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>T-2 toxin (T-2), a potent immunotoxic trichothecene, induces severe thymic injury and immune dysfunction. Building on our identification of the ROS\u2013NF-\u03baB-NLRP3 axis, mitochondrial involvement remains poorly understood. Using murine and thymic epithelial cell models, we show that T-2 induces mitochondrial damage, activating PINK1\u2013Parkin\u2013mediated mitophagy that is adaptive but insufficient to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis. Inhibition of mitophagy by 3-methyladenine or Parkin silencing further compromised mitochondrial membrane potential by \u223c34% and \u223c22% versus T-2, respectively, accompanied by elevated intracellular ROS levels. Chlorogenic acid (CGA) ameliorated thymic atrophy, as evidenced by a \u223c62% increase in thymus index versus T-2, enhanced PINK1\u2013Parkin mitophagy, and alleviated oxidative, inflammatory, and apoptotic damage. Mechanistically, CGA modulated the KEAP1\/SIRT1\/AMPK\u03b11 network, linking redox regulation to mitochondrial quality control, and its protective effects were largely abolished by PINK1 knockdown. Collectively, these findings establish insufficient mitophagy as a key driver of T-2 immunotoxicity and support CGA as a mitochondria-targeted dietary modulator.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.6c01391","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T12:19:27Z","timestamp":1780575567000},"page":"18317-18338","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Chlorogenic Acid\nModulates PINK1\u2013Parkin\u2013Mediated\nMitochondrial Quality Control in T-2 Toxin\u2013Induced Thymic\nImmunotoxicity"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"74","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4553-333X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dongguang","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Xinxiang University , , ,","place":["Xinxiang, Henan, China, 453000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingyan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xinxiang University , , ,","place":["Xinxiang, Henan, China, 453000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3408-6060","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ruiyan","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanxi Agricultural University , , ,","place":["Jinzhong, Shanxi, China, 030801"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanfang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xinxiang University , , ,","place":["Xinxiang, Henan, China, 453000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4907-7271","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zilong","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanxi Agricultural University , , ,","place":["Jinzhong, Shanxi, China, 030801"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026073021195431700_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121784","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2023.121784","article-title":"T-2 toxin\nmetabolism and its hepatotoxicity: New insights on the molecular mechanism\nand detoxification","volume":"330","author":"Song","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026073021195431700_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103471","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2024.103471","article-title":"Pathological\nconsequences,\nmetabolism and toxic effects of trichothecene T-2 toxin in poultry","volume":"103","author":"Voroshazi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026073021195431700_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3314","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.3c09416","article-title":"Overview of\nT-2 Toxin\nEnterotoxicity: From Toxic Mechanisms and Detoxification to Future\nPerspectives","volume":"72","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"2026073021195431700_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202512828","article-title":"T-2 Toxin Exploits Gut-Derived Staphylococcus\nSaprophyticus to Disrupt\nHepatic Macrophage Homeostasis","volume":"12","author":"Zhu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"2026073021195431700_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111653","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2024.111653","article-title":"Melatonin alleviates T-2 toxin-induced oxidative damage,\ninflammatory response, and apoptosis in piglet spleen and thymus","volume":"129","author":"Ning","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"2026073021195431700_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118653","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118653","article-title":"Toxic effects\nof subchronic T-2 toxin exposure on systemic immune deficiency in\ndeveloping juvenile rats","volume":"302","author":"Meng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ.\nSaf."},{"key":"2026073021195431700_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117476","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2024.117476","article-title":"Complex immunotoxic\neffects of T-2 Toxin on the murine\nspleen and thymus: Oxidative damage, inflammasomes, apoptosis, and\nimmunosuppression","volume":"289","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"issue":"21","key":"2026073021195431700_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12961","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.5c00355","article-title":"Mechanistic\nInsights into T-2 Toxin-Induced Thymic Epithelial Cell Injury and\nImmunotoxicity via the ROS-NF-kappaB-NLRP3 Signaling Axis","volume":"73","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026073021195431700_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16070924","article-title":"Chlorogenic\nAcid: A Systematic Review on the Biological Functions, Mechanistic\nActions, and Therapeutic Potentials","volume":"16","author":"Nguyen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026073021195431700_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1914","DOI":"10.3390\/foods14111914","article-title":"Research Advances in the Synthesis,\nMetabolism, and Function of Chlorogenic Acid","volume":"14","author":"He","year":"2025","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"2026073021195431700_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101841","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2025.101841","article-title":"Multifunctional natural\nchlorogenic acid based nanocarrier\nfor Alzheimer\u2019s disease treatment","volume":"32","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mater.\nToday Bio"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026073021195431700_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6081","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.4c12056","article-title":"De Novo Biosynthesis of Chlorogenic\nAcid in Yarrowia lipolytica through Cis-Acting Element Optimization\nand NADPH Regeneration Engineering","volume":"73","author":"He","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Agric.\nFood Chem."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026073021195431700_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins12050341","article-title":"Monitoring Phenolic\nCompounds in Rice during the Growing Season in Relation to Fungal\nand Mycotoxin Contamination","volume":"12","author":"Giorni","year":"2020","journal-title":"Toxins"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026073021195431700_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules21040449","article-title":"Effects of Phenolic Acids on the\nGrowth and Production of T-2 and HT-2 Toxins by Fusarium langsethiae\nand F. sporotrichioides","volume":"21","author":"Ferruz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026073021195431700_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1753","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X.JFP-15-563","article-title":"Inhibition of Fusarium\nGrowth and Mycotoxin Production in Culture\nMedium and in Maize Kernels by Natural Phenolic Acids","volume":"79","author":"Ferruz","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Food Prot."},{"key":"2026073021195431700_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2016.07.079","article-title":"Phenolic compound\nin beans as protection\nagainst mycotoxins","volume":"214","author":"Telles","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"2026073021195431700_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2016.01.005","article-title":"Fungal biotransformation\nof chlorogenic and caffeic acids by Fusarium graminearum: New insights\nin the contribution of phenolic acids to resistance to deoxynivalenol\naccumulation in cereals","volume":"221","author":"Gauthier","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Microbiol."},{"key":"2026073021195431700_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2016.03.004","article-title":"Phenolic\nacid protects of renal damage induced by ochratoxin\nA in a 28-days-oral treatment in rats","volume":"43","author":"Cariddi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ.\nToxicol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"2026073021195431700_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111376","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2020.111376","article-title":"Effect of chlorogenic\nacid on alleviating inflammation and apoptosis of IPEC-J2 cells induced\nby deoxyniyalenol","volume":"205","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"2026073021195431700_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2023.107177","article-title":"Hepatoprotective effects\nof chlorogenic acid on mice exposed to aflatoxin\nB1: Modulation of oxidative stress and inflammation","volume":"231","author":"Cheng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"2026073021195431700_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2020.110401","article-title":"Chlorogenic acid rescues\nzearalenone induced injury to mouse ovarian granulosa cells","volume":"194","author":"Yi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026073021195431700_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jfbc.14090","article-title":"Caffeic\nacid mitigates aflatoxin B1-mediated toxicity in the male rat reproductive\nsystem by modulating inflammatory and apoptotic responses, testicular\nfunction, and the redox-regulatory systems","volume":"46","author":"Owumi","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Food Biochem."},{"key":"2026073021195431700_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2019.12.011","article-title":"Mitochondria-targeting nanomedicine self-assembled from GSH-responsive\npaclitaxel-ss-berberine conjugate for synergetic cancer treatment\nwith enhanced cytotoxicity","volume":"318","author":"Cheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Controlled Release"},{"key":"2026073021195431700_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2019.12.004","article-title":"Curcumin ameliorates oxidative stress-induced\nintestinal barrier\ninjury and mitochondrial damage by promoting Parkin dependent mitophagy\nthrough AMPK-TFEB signal pathway","volume":"147","author":"Cao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Free Radic.\nBiol. Med."},{"key":"2026073021195431700_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mam.2025.101385","article-title":"Mitophagy:\nA key regulator of radiotherapy resistance\nin the tumor immune microenvironment","volume":"105","author":"Xia","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mol. Aspects\nMed."},{"issue":"23","key":"2026073021195431700_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13039","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.3c09132","article-title":"Elevated PINK1\/Parkin-Dependent Mitophagy\nand Boosted Mitochondrial Function Mediate Protection of HepG2 Cells\nfrom Excess Palmitic Acid by Hesperetin","volume":"72","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"J.\nAgric. Food Chem."},{"issue":"34","key":"2026073021195431700_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19257","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.4c06998","article-title":"Correction to \u2033Chlorogenic Acid Modulates Autophagy by Inhibiting\nthe Activity of ALKBH5 Demethylase, Thereby Ameliorating Hepatic Steatosis","volume":"72","author":"Meng","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026073021195431700_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1142\/S0192415X2550020X","article-title":"Chlorogenic\nAcid Ameliorates Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury Through AMPK\/mTOR\/ULK1-Mediated\nAutophagy Activation","volume":"53","author":"Yao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Am. J. Chin. Med."},{"key":"2026073021195431700_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1705","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S235969","article-title":"Chlorogenic\nAcid Alleviates Abeta(25\u201335)-Induced Autophagy and Cognitive\nImpairment via the mTOR\/TFEB Signaling Pathway","volume":"14","author":"Gao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Drug Des Devel Ther"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026073021195431700_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics10110665","article-title":"Long-Term Consumption\nof Food-Derived Chlorogenic Acid Protects Mice\nagainst Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity via Promoting PINK1-Dependent\nMitophagy and Inhibiting Apoptosis","volume":"10","author":"Hu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Toxics"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026073021195431700_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.78370","article-title":"3,4-Dimethoxychalcone, a caloric restriction mimetic,\nenhances TFEB-mediated\nautophagy and alleviates pyroptosis and necroptosis after spinal cord\ninjury","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026073021195431700_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1038\/s41420-022-00888-8","article-title":"Targeting the Erk1\/2 and autophagy signaling easily\nimproved the neurobalst differentiation and cognitive function after\nyoung transient forebrain ischemia compared to old gerbils","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Death Discov."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026073021195431700_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.14433","article-title":"Identifying\nENO1 as a protein target of chlorogenic\nacid to inhibit cellular senescence and prevent skin photoaging in\nmice","volume":"24","author":"He","year":"2025","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"key":"2026073021195431700_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.177311","article-title":"Exploring the effect of chlorogenic acid on oxidative\nstress and autophagy in dry eye mice via the AMPK\/ULK1 pathway","volume":"991","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"17","key":"2026073021195431700_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10347","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.5c03967","article-title":"Chlorogenic Acid Improves\nHigh-Fat Diet-Induced Skeletal Muscle Metabolic Disorders by Regulating\nMitochondrial Function and Lactate Metabolism","volume":"73","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"issue":"34","key":"2026073021195431700_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10532","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.2c04593","article-title":"Effect of\nChlorogenic Acid via Upregulating Resolvin D1 Inhibiting the NF-kappaB\nPathway on Chronic Restraint Stress-Induced Liver Inflammation","volume":"70","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"2026073021195431700_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107671","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2021.107671","article-title":"Chlorogenic acid is a positive regulator\nof MDA5, TLR7\nand NF-kappaB signaling pathways mediated antiviral responses against\nGammacoronavirus infection","volume":"96","author":"Abaidullah","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026073021195431700_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-021-03592-0","article-title":"A protective\nrole for autophagy in vitiligo","volume":"12","author":"Bastonini","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026073021195431700_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2113454119","article-title":"TRIM14 inhibits\nOPTN-mediated autophagic degradation\nof KDM4D to epigenetically regulate inflammation","volume":"119","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"2026073021195431700_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"926622","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.926622","article-title":"A Highly Selective GSK-3beta Inhibitor\nCHIR99021 Promotes Osteogenesis by Activating Canonical and Autophagy-Mediated\nWnt Signaling","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"2026073021195431700_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"628168","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.628168","article-title":"NLRP3 Deficiency Protects Against Intermittent Hypoxia-Induced\nNeuroinflammation and Mitochondrial ROS by Promoting the PINK1-Parkin\nPathway of Mitophagy in a Murine Model of Sleep Apnea","volume":"12","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"10","key":"2026073021195431700_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.2023089409042024c","article-title":"Correction:\nGeneration and repair of thymic epithelial cells","volume":"221","author":"Anderson","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"2026073021195431700_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102010","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2021.102010","article-title":"Quercetin hinders microglial activation to alleviate\nneurotoxicity\nvia the interplay between NLRP3 inflammasome and mitophagy","volume":"44","author":"Han","year":"2021","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026073021195431700_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2015.12.057","article-title":"NF-kappaB\nRestricts Inflammasome Activation via Elimination\nof Damaged Mitochondria","volume":"164","author":"Zhong","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026073021195431700_cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-025-02253-4","article-title":"Mitochondria\nin oxidative stress,\ninflammation and aging: from mechanisms to therapeutic advances","volume":"10","author":"Xu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026073021195431700_cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2655","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2024.2383145","article-title":"Spautin-1 promotes PINK1-PRKN-dependent mitophagy and\nimproves associative learning capability in an alzheimer disease animal\nmodel","volume":"20","author":"Yi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026073021195431700_cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202203869","article-title":"MCU Upregulation Overactivates Mitophagy by Promoting VDAC1 Dimerization\nand Ubiquitination in the Hepatotoxicity of Cadmium","volume":"10","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026073021195431700_cit48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.1002\/med.21884","article-title":"Incomplete autophagy: Trouble is\na friend","volume":"42","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Med. Res. Rev."},{"key":"2026073021195431700_cit49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2022.154311","article-title":"Polysaccharide from Echinacea purpurea plant ameliorates oxidative\nstress-induced liver injury by promoting Parkin-dependent autophagy","volume":"104","author":"Yu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026073021195431700_cit50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2245","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-018-2225-9","article-title":"Comparison of iohexol\nand iodixanol induced nephrotoxicity,\nmitochondrial damage and mitophagy in a new contrast-induced acute\nkidney injury rat model","volume":"92","author":"Cheng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch. Toxicol."},{"key":"2026073021195431700_cit51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2019.101254","article-title":"PINK1-parkin\npathway of mitophagy protects against contrast-induced\nacute kidney injury via decreasing mitochondrial ROS and NLRP3 inflammasome\nactivation","volume":"26","author":"Lin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"key":"2026073021195431700_cit52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2021.119370","article-title":"Mechanistic insights into the protective effects of\nchlorogenic acid against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats:\nModulation of the cross talk between autophagy and apoptosis signaling","volume":"275","author":"Ahmed","year":"2021","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"2026073021195431700_cit53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1494806","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1494806","article-title":"ScRNA-seq unveils the\nfunctional characteristics of glioma-associated\nmacrophages and the regulatory effects of chlorogenic acid on the\nimmune microenvironment-a study based on mouse models and clinical\npractice","volume":"15","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"12","key":"2026073021195431700_cit54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2142","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2019.1615822","article-title":"Clearance of damaged\nmitochondria via mitophagy is important to the protective effect of\nischemic preconditioning in kidneys","volume":"15","author":"Livingston","year":"2019","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026073021195431700_cit55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2021.9843","article-title":"Chlorogenic\nacid enhances autophagy by upregulating lysosomal function to protect\nagainst SH-SY5Y cell injury induced by H(2)O(2)","volume":"21","author":"Gao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Exp. Ther. Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026073021195431700_cit56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1214","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.17252","article-title":"Size-dependent\nEffects of Gold Nanoparticles on Osteogenic Differentiation of Human\nPeriodontal Ligament Progenitor Cells","volume":"7","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"2026073021195431700_cit57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156906","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156906","article-title":"Chlorogenic acid and\nferulic acid in SMYAD alleviate\ndiabetic cardiomyopathy by inhibiting cardiac lipotoxicity via GCGR\/PPARalpha\nand GCGR\/AMPK pathways","volume":"143","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026073021195431700_cit58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1186\/s40104-025-01246-1","article-title":"Lonicerae flos and turmeric extracts alleviate necrotic\nenteritis\nin broilers by modulating gut-liver health and microbiota","volume":"16","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol."},{"issue":"11","key":"2026073021195431700_cit59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox13111303","article-title":"Supplementation\nof Chlorogenic Acid\nAlleviates the Effects of H(2)O(2)-Induced Oxidative Stress on Laying\nPerformance, Egg Quality, Antioxidant Capacity, Hepatic Inflammation,\nMitochondrial Dysfunction, and Lipid Accumulation in Laying Hens","volume":"13","author":"Zhao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026073021195431700_cit60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1002\/cbin.70006","article-title":"Chlorogenic Acid\nEnhances Beta-Lapachone-Induced Cell Death by Suppressing Autophagy\nin NQO1-Positive Cancer Cells","volume":"49","author":"Zada","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Biol. Int."},{"issue":"9","key":"2026073021195431700_cit61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102036","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2022.102036","article-title":"Chlorogenic\nacid improves growth performance and intestinal health\nthrough autophagy-mediated nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor\n2 pathway in oxidatively stressed broilers induced by dexamethasone","volume":"101","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026073021195431700_cit62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-022-00860-0","article-title":"Chlorogenic acid exerts\nneuroprotective effect against hypoxia-ischemia\nbrain injury in neonatal rats by activating Sirt1 to regulate the\nNrf2-NF-kappaB signaling pathway","volume":"20","author":"Zheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Commun.\nSignal"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026073021195431700_cit63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1186\/s13020-025-01077-2","article-title":"Chlorogenic\nacid attenuates pyrrolizidine alkaloid-induced liver\ninjury through modulation of the SIRT1\/FXR signaling pathway","volume":"20","author":"Xu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chin. Med."},{"key":"2026073021195431700_cit64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117982","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2025.117982","article-title":"Chlorogenic acid\nattenuates 5-fluorouracil-induced intestinal mucositis in mice through\nSIRT1 signaling-mediated oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways","volume":"186","author":"Lin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"issue":"11","key":"2026073021195431700_cit65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.201700928","article-title":"Chlorogenic\nAcid Protects Against\noxLDL-Induced Oxidative Damage and Mitochondrial Dysfunction by Modulating\nSIRT1 in Endothelial Cells","volume":"62","author":"Tsai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Nutr. Food\nRes."},{"key":"2026073021195431700_cit66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107930","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbio.2025.107930","article-title":"Health effects\nof polyphenols combined with bacteria from the perspective of gut\nmicrobiota","volume":"74","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Food Biosci."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026073021195431700_cit67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox13070777","article-title":"Protein\u2013chlorogenic\nacid interactions: Mechanisms, characteristics, and potential food\napplications","volume":"13","author":"Tarahi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026073021195431700_cit68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106379","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2024.106379","article-title":"N-acetylcysteine modulates markers of oxidation, inflammation\nand infection in tuberculosis","volume":"90","author":"Mapamba","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Infect."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026073021195431700_cit69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci13030267","article-title":"The Potential of Chlorogenic\nAcid in Regulating Oxidative Damage, Lipid Metabolism, and Inflammation\nin Chickens: A Comprehensive Review","volume":"13","author":"Zheng","year":"2026","journal-title":"Vet Sci."},{"key":"2026073021195431700_cit70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112532","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2026.112532","article-title":"Chlorogenic acid (CGA) exerts antidepressant-like\neffects\nby regulating SIRT1\/FoxO3a\/PINK1\/Parkin pathway in LPS-induced depressive\nmice","volume":"144","author":"Piao","year":"2026","journal-title":"Cell. Signal."},{"key":"2026073021195431700_cit71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/011570159x459115260204170117","article-title":"Chlorogenic Acid: Characteristics, Neuroprotective Effects, and Potential\nMechanisms","volume":"24","author":"Zeng","year":"2026","journal-title":"Curr. Neuropharmacol."}],"container-title":["Journal of Agricultural\nand Food Chemistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acs.jafc.6c01391","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/jafcau\/article-pdf\/74\/23\/18317\/66263237\/acs.jafc.6c01391.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/jafcau\/article-pdf\/74\/23\/18317\/66263237\/acs.jafc.6c01391.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T01:20:01Z","timestamp":1785460801000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/jafcau\/article\/74\/23\/18317\/5232952\/Chlorogenic-Acid-Modulates-PINK1-Parkin-Mediated"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]]},"references-count":71,"journal-issue":{"issue":"23","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.jafc.6c01391","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-8561","1520-5118"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-8561","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-5118","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]]}}}