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Astaxanthin (ASX), a red carotenoid pigment with antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties, exerts hepatoprotective properties via its antioxidant capacity. Treatment with ASX treatment significantly reduced La2O3 NP-induced histopathological liver injury and ultrastructural changes in liver cells and altered the oxidative stress parameters in the liver. ASX increased several metabolites of the transsulfuration pathway such as S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH), cysteine, and homocysteine, and it prevented the decreased expression of transsulfuration pathway-related genes triggered by La2O3 NPs both at mRNA and protein levels. In conclusion, ASX had protective effects against La2O3 NP-induced damage, potentially by activating the transsulfuration pathway and inhibiting oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and hepatic apoptosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.6c04388","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T14:34:28Z","timestamp":1784817268000},"page":"24377-24393","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Astaxanthin Alleviated\nLa2O3 Nanoparticle-Induced Liver Injury by Activating\nthe Transsulfuration\nPathway in Mice"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Lu","family":"Yuan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"North China University of Science and Technology , , 21 Bohai Road, Tang\u2019shan , , ,","place":["Tangshan, Hebei Province, P. R. 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