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In this study, ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS\/MS) methods were established for analyzing 70 pesticides and 15 mycotoxins and were applied to 302 fresh maize samples from three major regions in China. A total of 21 pesticides were detected at concentrations of 1.6\u2013306 \u03bcg\/kg and detection rates of 0.3\u20139.6%. Among the samples, 3.3% exceeded the Chinese maximum residue limits (MRLs). Three mycotoxins were detected at frequencies of 0.7\u20133.0% and concentrations of 2.6\u201319.1 \u03bcg\/kg. Dietary risk assessment indicated that the estimated acute (%ARfD, 6.8 \u00d7 10\u20136\u20133.0 \u00d7 10\u20133) and chronic (%ADI, 7.0 \u00d7 10\u20135\u20131.2 \u00d7 10\u20131) risks from pesticide residues were well below 100%. The chronic dietary risk associated with the detected mycotoxins (%TDI) ranged from 3.9% to 30.1%, indicating no unacceptable risk.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.6c04400","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T18:02:23Z","timestamp":1787076143000},"page":"26670-26683","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Monitoring and\nDietary Risk Assessment of Pesticide\nResidues and Mycotoxins in Fresh Maize: A Nationwide Study from China"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Xiaozhong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , , No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road , Haidian District, ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100193"]},{"name":"Hainan University , , ,","place":["Haikou, China, 570228"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Longbing","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , , No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road , Haidian District, ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100193"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Binglei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , , No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road , Haidian District, ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100193"]},{"name":"Hainan University , , ,","place":["Haikou, China, 570228"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wentao","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , , No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road , Haidian District, ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100193"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-4321-3596","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xinglu","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , , No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road , Haidian District, ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100193"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-1418-4469","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xiaohu","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , , No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road , Haidian District, ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100193"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5729-0924","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jun","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , , No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road , Haidian District, ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100193"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hainan University , , ,","place":["Haikou, China, 570228"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1676-035X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yongquan","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , , No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road , Haidian District, ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100193"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5375-3397","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Fengshou","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , , No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road , Haidian District, ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100193"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026090104481676600_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1007\/s12571-022-01288-7","article-title":"Global\nmaize production, consumption and trade: trends and R&D implications","volume":"14","author":"Erenstein","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Secur."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026090104481676600_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jfpp.16413","article-title":"Physicochemical characteristics of\nsweet corn kernels during microwave\nblanching","volume":"46","author":"Popaliya","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. 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