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PCP was characterized as a structurally stable, glucose-rich heteropolysaccharide. Intervention with PCP significantly alleviated anxiety- and despair-like behaviors, yielding a 42.7% improvement in open-arm exploration time during the EPM test compared to the SD group. Mechanistically, PCP preserved intestinal and blood\u2013brain barrier integrity, suppressed microglial activation, and repaired hippocampal synapses. Microbial profiling revealed that PCP reshaped the gut microbiota by enriching butyrate-producing taxa, leading to a 1.3-fold elevation in fecal butyrate levels. This metabolic shift suppressed hippocampal HDAC3 activity and drove a 60.8% increase in BDNF expression. Notably, these neuroprotective effects were completely abolished in microbiota-depleted mice. Overall, PCP relies on a microbiota-driven cascade of butyrate production and subsequent epigenetic regulation to maintain gut-brain homeostasis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.6c06317","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T14:33:20Z","timestamp":1785854000000},"page":"24407-24425","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["<i>Polygonatum cyrtonema<\/i>\n                    Polysaccharides Alleviate Sleep\nDeprivation-Induced Behavioral Disorders\nvia Gut Microbiota-Dependent Regulation of the Butyrate-HDAC3 Signaling\nAxis"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Yili","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ningbo University , , ,","place":["Ningbo, P. R. China, 315211"]},{"name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University , , ,","place":["Hangzhou, P. R. 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