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Structural elucidation was achieved using NMR, HRESIMS, quantum-chemical ECD, and NMR computations, and X-ray crystallography. Astranoid A (1) features a novel 5\/6\/6\/6\/5 pentacyclic skeleton with cis-fused A\/B rings. All isolates were evaluated for nitric oxide inhibition in LPS-stimulated BV-2 cells. 7-oxo-\u03b2-sitosterol (11) demonstrated potent antineuroinflammatory activity with an IC50 of 6.09 \u00b1 0.49 \u03bcM. This compound suppressed proinflammatory cytokines, NF-\u03baB translocation, and iNOS\/COX-2 expression, activated Nrf2\/HO-1 in HT22 cells, and protected neurons from A\u03b2-induced inflammatory injury. In APP\/PS1 mice, compound 11 dose-dependently improved cognitive function, reduced A\u03b2 plaques, and attenuated glial inflammation, supporting its promising neuroprotective potential.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.6c06602","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T15:06:58Z","timestamp":1786633618000},"page":"26311-26331","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Bioactive Terpenoids and Steroids from\n                    <i>Astragalus complanatus<\/i>\n                    Seeds underlie Its Potent\nNeuroprotective Efficacy In Vitro and In Vivo"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Kang-Hong","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Northwest A&F University , , , ,","place":["Yangling, Shaanxi, People\u2019s Republic of China, 712100"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xi\u2019an Medical University , , ,","place":["Xi\u2019an, People\u2019s Republic of China, 710021"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bing-Yao","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northwest A&F University , , , ,","place":["Yangling, Shaanxi, People\u2019s Republic of China, 712100"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue-Jin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northwest A&F University , , , ,","place":["Yangling, Shaanxi, People\u2019s Republic of China, 712100"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Almutamad","family":"Sheikho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northwest A&F University , , , ,","place":["Yangling, Shaanxi, People\u2019s Republic of China, 712100"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue-Tong","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northwest A&F University , , , ,","place":["Yangling, Shaanxi, People\u2019s Republic of China, 712100"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8455-2539","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Qiang-Qiang","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northwest A&F University , , , ,","place":["Yangling, Shaanxi, People\u2019s Republic of China, 712100"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Qi","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northwest University , , , ,","place":["Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, People\u2019s Republic of China, 710069"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4801-6514","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jin-Ming","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northwest A&F University , , , ,","place":["Yangling, Shaanxi, People\u2019s Republic of China, 712100"]},{"name":"Shaanxi xdibo Bio-Sci-Technology Company , , ,","place":["Yangling, Shaanxi, People\u2019s Republic of China, 712100"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026090104484094000_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reox.2022.102229","article-title":"Cognitive enhancement\nand neuroprotective effects of OABL, a sesquiterpene lactone in 5xFAD\nAlzheimer\u2019s disease mice model","volume":"50","author":"Tang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Redox\nBiol."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026090104484094000_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1284","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jnatprod.3c00087","article-title":"Anti-neuroinflammatory\nmeroterpenoids from a chinese collection of the Brown Alga Sargassum siliquastrum","volume":"86","author":"Qi","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. 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