{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T14:04:34Z","timestamp":1789567474497,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"36","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788825600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788825600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788825600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003712","name":"Korea Food Research Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["E0232201"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E0232201"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003712","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014188","name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2026-25492335"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2026-25492335"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014188","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Bitterness limits the development of palatable foods containing bioactive ingredients. This study investigated whether long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) modulate the human bitter taste receptor TAS2R16 using a HEK293T cell-based calcium assay with salicin as an agonist. None of the tested LCFAs directly activated TAS2R16. Under co-treatment, only oleic acid inhibited salicin-induced calcium responses, shifting the salicin EC50 from 1.82 \u00b1 0.11 mM to 3.55 \u00b1 1.22 mM at 30 \u03bcM (p &amp;lt; 0.01). Pretreatment with all LCFAs inhibited TAS2R16 concentration-dependently. Reliable IC50 values were obtained for palmitic acid (8.67 \u00b1 1.44 \u03bcM), stearic acid (0.082 \u00b1 0.002 \u03bcM), and oleic acid (0.41 \u00b1 0.12 \u03bcM), whereas lower plateaus were not reached for myristic, linoleic, and \u03b1-linolenic acids. LCFA treatment did not consistently change membrane fluidity, and inhibition was attenuated in the TAS2R16 N96T mutant. These findings demonstrate compound- and treatment-dependent modulation of TAS2R16 by food-derived LCFAs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.6c07506","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T10:02:09Z","timestamp":1788861729000},"page":"28628-28640","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Long-Chain Fatty\nAcids Inhibit the Human Bitter Taste\nReceptor TAS2R16 in a Structure-Dependent Manner"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Dong-Uk","family":"Shin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea Food Research Institute , , ,","place":["Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea, 55365"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiseul","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea Food Research Institute , , ,","place":["Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea, 55365"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0205-016X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Min Jung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea Food Research Institute , , ,","place":["Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea, 55365"]},{"name":"University of Science & Technology , , ,","place":["Daejeon, Republic of Korea, 34113"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"2026091609083066200_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1424","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/72.6.1424","article-title":"Bitter taste, phytonutrients, and the consumer: A review","volume":"72","author":"Drewnowski","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. 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Food Sci."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026091609083066200_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"G1243","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00510.2006","article-title":"Effects\nof linoleic acid on sweet, sour, salty, and bitter taste thresholds\nand intensity ratings of adults","volume":"292","author":"Mattes","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol.\nGastrointest. Liver Physiol."},{"issue":"3\u20135","key":"2026091609083066200_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plefa.2008.09.002","article-title":"Insights from\nbiophysical studies\non the role of polyunsaturated fatty acids for function of G-protein\ncoupled membrane receptors","volume":"79","author":"Gawrisch","year":"2008","journal-title":"Prostaglandins Leukot.\nEssent. Fatty Acids"},{"key":"2026091609083066200_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106794","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpc.2022.106794","article-title":"The role of the\nlipid environment in the activity of G protein coupled receptors","volume":"285","author":"Baccouch","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biophys. Chem."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026091609083066200_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-3084(03)00101-4","article-title":"Docosahexaenoic acid: Membrane properties of a unique\nfatty acid","volume":"126","author":"Stillwell","year":"2003","journal-title":"Chem. Phys. Lipids"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026091609083066200_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1800","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2016.03.012","article-title":"Polyunsaturated lipids\nregulate membrane domain stability by tuning membrane order","volume":"110","author":"Levental","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biophys. 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Sci."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026091609083066200_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0020123","article-title":"Probenecid\ninhibits the human bitter\ntaste receptor TAS2R16 and suppresses bitter perception of salicin","volume":"6","author":"Greene","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026091609083066200_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd4052","article-title":"Emerging paradigms\nin GPCR allostery:\nImplications for drug discovery","volume":"12","author":"Wootten","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug\nDiscovery"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026091609083066200_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6187","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24076187","article-title":"Allosteric\nregulation of G-protein-coupled receptors: From diversity of molecular\nmechanisms to multiple allosteric sites and their ligands","volume":"24","author":"Shpakov","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."}],"container-title":["Journal of Agricultural\nand Food Chemistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acs.jafc.6c07506","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/jafcau\/article-pdf\/74\/36\/28628\/68440154\/acs.jafc.6c07506.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/jafcau\/article-pdf\/74\/36\/28628\/68440154\/acs.jafc.6c07506.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T13:13:26Z","timestamp":1789564406000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/jafcau\/article\/74\/36\/28628\/5425939\/Long-Chain-Fatty-Acids-Inhibit-the-Human-Bitter"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"36","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.jafc.6c07506","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-8561","1520-5118"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-8561","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-5118","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]}}}