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This study constructed a Zn-contaminated ecological model comprising \u201csoil-Fraxinus mandshurica-Hyphantria cunea larvae-Arma chinensis nymphs\u201d to comprehensively assess the effects of Zn pollution on the occurrence trend of H. cunea. Results showed that Zn was transferred and biomagnified along the food chain, significantly reducing the H. cunea occurrence trend and energy metabolism. Zn pollution altered the regulatory role of F. mandshurica on H. cunea in three ways: by increasing defense substances, reducing the nutrient content, and enhancing elemental defense levels. Moreover, Zn significantly impaired A. chinensis predatory fitness, predatory function, and search efficiency, mainly because of elevated oxidative damage in nymphs. In conclusion, Zn influences the population dynamics of phytophagous pests by modifying plant defenses and the regulatory capacity of natural enemies, thereby highlighting the ecotoxicological effects of this essential metal.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.6c08257","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T04:01:16Z","timestamp":1789704076000},"page":"30055-30067","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Essential Element\nZn Pollution: A New Abiotic Factor\nAffecting the Defense of\n                    <i>Fraxinus mandshurica<\/i>\n                    and\nBiocontrol of\n                    <i>Arma chinensis<\/i>\n                    against\n                    <i>Hyphantria cunea<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Mingtao","family":"Tan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Northeast Forestry University , , ,","place":["Harbin, P. R. China, 150040"]},{"name":"Northeast Forestry University , , ,","place":["Harbin, P. R. China, 150040"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linyi","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northeast Forestry University , , ,","place":["Harbin, P. R. China, 150040"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guotong","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northeast Forestry University , , ,","place":["Harbin, P. R. China, 150040"]},{"name":"Northeast Forestry University , , ,","place":["Harbin, P. R. China, 150040"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3778-1264","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shanchun","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northeast Forestry University , , ,","place":["Harbin, P. R. China, 150040"]},{"name":"Northeast Forestry University , , ,","place":["Harbin, P. R. 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Pollut."},{"key":"2026093009070248300_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2024.117218","article-title":"Transfer and biological\neffects of\ncadmium along a tomato - thrip - predatory bug food chain","volume":"286","author":"Zhu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ecotox. Environ. Safe."},{"key":"2026093009070248300_cit43","unstructured":"Zhang, Z.; Qi, R.; Yan, S. C.; Jiang, D.\n          Cd exposure-triggered toxicity in parasitic\noffspring of Chouioia cunea through SLC24A3\/SLC24A4-apoptosis\/oxidative damage signaling pathway\n          Insect Sci.\n          2026\n          10.1111\/1744-7917.70226."},{"key":"2026093009070248300_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1007\/s10646-019-02033-1","article-title":"Heavy metals\ntransported through a multi-trophic food chain influence the energy\nmetabolism and immune responses of Cryptolaemus montrouzieri","volume":"28","author":"Du","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ecotoxicology"},{"key":"2026093009070248300_cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3126","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.8017","article-title":"Bruceine\nD inhibits the growth of Spodoptera litura by inducing\ncell apoptosis in the midgut via an oxidative burst","volume":"80","author":"Mao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pest Manag. 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