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MW treatment reduced heat-induced aggregation and improved protease digestibility. Peptidomic analysis revealed distinct peptide profiles, with MW-UHT generating more low-molecular-weight peptides and promoting selective cleavage within functional regions of caseins and favoring the generation of bioactive peptide sequences during digestion. Importantly, cell-based assays demonstrated that digests from MW-treated milk exerted stronger anti-inflammatory effects in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages than CT counterparts. These findings provide experimental evidence that MW processing not only reshapes digestive peptide release but also better preserves the biofunctional potential of milk proteins.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.6c09292","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T11:02:17Z","timestamp":1791198137000},"page":"31885-31899","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Microwave Processing\nAlters Milk Protein Digestion\nand Peptide Release: Insights from Peptidomics and Bioactivity Evaluation"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Yaxin","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangnan University , , ,","place":["Wuxi, China, 214122"]},{"name":"Jiangnan University , , ,","place":["Wuxi, China, 214122"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangnan University , , ,","place":["Wuxi, China, 214122"]},{"name":"Jiangnan University , , ,","place":["Wuxi, China, 214122"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huayu","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sichuan University , , ,","place":["Chengdu, China, 610064"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7854-3142","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bowen","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangnan University , , ,","place":["Wuxi, China, 214122"]},{"name":"Jiangnan University , , ,","place":["Wuxi, China, 214122"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nana","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangnan University , , ,","place":["Wuxi, China, 214122"]},{"name":"Jiangnan University , , ,","place":["Wuxi, China, 214122"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangnan University , , ,","place":["Wuxi, China, 214122"]},{"name":"Jiangnan University , , ,","place":["Wuxi, China, 214122"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangnan University , , ,","place":["Wuxi, China, 214122"]},{"name":"Jiangnan University , , ,","place":["Wuxi, China, 214122"]},{"name":"Jiangnan University , , ,","place":["Wuxi, China, 214122"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3348-4710","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Wei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangnan University , , ,","place":["Wuxi, China, 214122"]},{"name":"Jiangnan University , , ,","place":["Wuxi, China, 214122"]},{"name":"Jiangnan University , , ,","place":["Wuxi, China, 214122"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4907-9034","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Daming","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangnan University , , ,","place":["Wuxi, China, 214122"]},{"name":"Southwest University , , ,","place":["Chongqing, China, 400700"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026101408090302800_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2022.110984","article-title":"Critical\nreview: Metabolomics in dairy science - Evaluation of milk and milk\nproduct quality","volume":"154","author":"Suh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Res. 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