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In this study, genome mining of the plant pathogenic fungus Rhynchosporium agropyri enabled the identification of a small biosynthetic gene cluster (rhy) encoding sesquiterpene synthase RhyA and cytochrome P450 RhyB, which together catalyze the formation of a novel acorane-type sesquiterpene, rhyagracorone (1). Furthermore, by elucidating the biosynthetic pathway of 1, we confirmed that RhyA acts as an acora-3(4),7(8)-diene (2) synthase and further explored the critical residues for RhyA\u2019s catalytic activity through site-directed mutagenesis. Finally, bioactivity assays revealed that compound 1 exhibited inhibitory activity against the crop pathogenic fungus Cochliobolus heterostrophus with an EC50 of 91.6 \u03bcg\/mL. These findings lay an important foundation for the further discovery of acorane-type sesquiterpenes and provide a potential lead compound for the research and development of agricultural antifungal agents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.6c09526","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T08:01:19Z","timestamp":1789718479000},"page":"30159-30166","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Discovery and Biosynthesis\nof a Novel Acorane-Type\nSesquiterpene from\n                    <i>Rhynchosporium agropyri<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"74","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1671-0934","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Haichun","family":"Zeng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing University of Science and Technology , , ,","place":["Chongqing, China, 401331"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beilin","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing University of Science and Technology , , ,","place":["Chongqing, China, 401331"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuxin","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing University of Science and Technology , , ,","place":["Chongqing, China, 401331"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiatong","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing University of Science and Technology , , ,","place":["Chongqing, China, 401331"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-7654-9811","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Li","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College , , ,","place":["Chongqing, China, 401331"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026093009071582200_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1021\/np50011a013","article-title":"A phytochemical\ninvestigation of Bothriochloa intermedia","volume":"43","author":"Zalkow","year":"1980","journal-title":"J. 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Lett."},{"key":"2026093009071582200_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2013","DOI":"10.1016\/S0040-4039(01)85027-9","article-title":"A new synthetic approach to the acorane-,\ndaucane-and\ncedrane skeleton","volume":"13","author":"Naegeli","year":"1972","journal-title":"Tetrahedron Lett."},{"key":"2026093009071582200_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1016\/S0040-4039(01)92509-2","article-title":"A synthesis\nof (d.l) acoradiene III","volume":"22","author":"Ficini","year":"1981","journal-title":"Tetrahedron Lett."},{"key":"2026093009071582200_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.3998\/ark.5550190.0004.310","article-title":"Synthesis\nbased on cyclohexadienes.\nPart 36: an efficient methodology for the construction of spiro [4,\n5] decanes: a formal synthesis of acorone","volume":"2003","author":"Biju","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arkivoc\niii."},{"key":"2026093009071582200_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3572","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.orglett.6c00571","article-title":"Total synthesis\nof acorane-type sesquiterpenes (\u00b1)-bilaiaeacorenol\nB and (\u00b1)-penicibilaenes A and B","volume":"28","author":"Yang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Org.\nLett."},{"key":"2026093009071582200_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2100","DOI":"10.1039\/D1NP00032B","article-title":"Genome mining methods\nto discover bioactive natural products","volume":"38","author":"Bauman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat.\nProd. 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Rep."}],"container-title":["Journal of Agricultural\nand Food Chemistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acs.jafc.6c09526","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/jafcau\/article-pdf\/74\/38\/30159\/68551395\/acs.jafc.6c09526.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/jafcau\/article-pdf\/74\/38\/30159\/68551395\/acs.jafc.6c09526.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T13:12:04Z","timestamp":1790773924000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/jafcau\/article\/74\/38\/30159\/5432445\/Discovery-and-Biosynthesis-of-a-Novel-Acorane-Type"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"38","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.jafc.6c09526","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-8561","1520-5118"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-8561","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-5118","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]]}}}