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Both microgels exhibited high gastric stability and intestinal response release properties. Compared with WPIF-based microgels (WPIFM), FPIF-based microgels (FPIFM) exhibited a more sustained intestinal digestion profile, leading to a higher Cap bioavailability. In high-fat-diet-induced obese mice, Cap-loaded microgels (WPIFM\/Cap and FPIFM\/Cap) effectively prevented metabolic disorders, as evidenced by reduced lipid accumulation, hepatic steatosis, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, with FPIFM\/Cap demonstrating the highest protective efficacy. Both microgels modulated gut microbiota homeostasis, with FPIFM\/Cap uniquely enriching Akkermansia, potentially due to its high arginine content and its stable fibrillar structure. This work provides a proof of concept for upcycling agricultural processing byproduct proteins into high-performance biomaterials for mitigating metabolic diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.6c12370","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T20:01:24Z","timestamp":1792526484000},"page":"34067-34082","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Oral Protein Fibril\nMicrogels with Gastric Stability\nand Intestinal Targeting Enhance Capsaicin Bioavailability for Effective\nObesity Prevention"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Hui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"China Agricultural University , , ,","place":["Beijing, P. R. China, 100083"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaru","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China Agricultural University , , ,","place":["Beijing, P. R. 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