{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T21:46:23Z","timestamp":1790113583560,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,19]],"date-time":"2020-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1582070400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/page\/policy\/authorchoice_ccby_termsofuse.html"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A demonstration was developed to introduce students to waste valorization in order to form bioplastics. Waste valorization is the process of reusing, recycling, or composting, from waste, useful products or sources of energy. In this demonstration, waste valorization is introduced by converting sour milk into a bioplastic via the addition of lemon juice upon heating. Utilizing lemon juice to perform the acidification offers a greener procedure than the traditional formaldehyde (used commercially to make galalith) and enhances the transferability in remote locations such as the Amazon Rainforest in comparison to vinegar. Students can establish connections to relevant United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs) by adopting a systems thinking approach. However, through this, it is noteworthy that this process is also used (particularly in the Indian subcontinent) to make paneer, a farmer cheese. While this also enables students to make a link to additional UN SDGs pertaining to \u201czero hunger\u201d, there is an ethical discussion to be had as to whether such a process that is utilized to feed malnourished citizens should be used to make a decorative bioplastic. As such, despite this demonstration being transferrable, instructors may consider carefully whether to utilize this resource, and, if so, to use this as an opportunity to teach the importance of ethics in science.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jchemed.9b00754","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,19]],"date-time":"2020-02-19T15:23:32Z","timestamp":1582125812000},"page":"1073-1076","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Valorization of Sour Milk to Form Bioplastics: Friend\nor Foe?"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Mark T.","family":"Jefferson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of York , , Heslington , ,","place":["York, England, United Kingdom, YO10 5DD"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Connor","family":"Rutter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of York , , Heslington , ,","place":["York, England, United Kingdom, YO10 5DD"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Fraine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of York , , Heslington , ,","place":["York, England, United Kingdom, YO10 5DD"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel V. B.","family":"Borges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola SESC de Ensino Me\u0301dio , , Av Ayrton Senna , , ,","place":["Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, 5677"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriela M.","family":"de Souza Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola SESC de Ensino Me\u0301dio , , Av Ayrton Senna , , ,","place":["Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, 5677"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederico A. P.","family":"Schoene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola SESC de Ensino Me\u0301dio , , Av Ayrton Senna , , ,","place":["Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, 5677"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0786-312X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Glenn A.","family":"Hurst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of York , , Heslington , ,","place":["York, England, United Kingdom, YO10 5DD"]},{"name":"University of York , , , ,","place":["Heslington, York, England, United Kingdom, YO10 5DD"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026090215214337300_cit1","unstructured":"United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.\n          . https:\/\/sustainabledevelopment.un.org\/?menu=1300 (Date Accessed: 8th January 2020)."},{"key":"2026090215214337300_cit2","volume-title":"ACS Guidelines\nand Evaluation Procedures for Bachelor\u2019s Degree Programs","author":"American Chemical Society Committee on Professional Training.","year":"2015"},{"key":"2026090215214337300_cit3","unstructured":"American Chemical Society Committee on Professional Training.\n          . Macromolecular,\nSupramolecular, and Nanoscale (MSN) Systems in the Curriculum. https:\/\/www.acs.org\/content\/dam\/acsorg\/about\/governance\/committees\/training\/acsapproved\/degreeprogram\/macromolecular-supramolecular-nanoscale-supplement.pdf (Date Accessed: 8th January 2020)."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090215214337300_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jchemed.8b00666","article-title":"Bioplastics in the General Chemistry Laboratory: Building\na Semester-Long Research Experience","volume":"96","author":"Ward","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Chem.\nEduc."},{"issue":"1a","key":"2026090215214337300_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1882","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jchemed.5b00108","article-title":"From Lobster\nShells\nto Plastic Objects: A Bioplastics Activity","volume":"92","author":"Hudson","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Chem. 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