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The assembly procedure of substrates to the MCR product was designed to be a fast-slow-fast (FSF) cascade process. The most reactive one among all the substrates was converted rapidly to a substable substance (the fast first step), which can be slowly transformed to a highly reactive intermediate (the slow second step), and finally, the intermediate was trapped by another substrate to form the MCR product (the fast third step). By using formaldehyde and ethyl 2-chloroacetylacetate as a proof of concept of the model substrates, some three-component reactions were found to be successful, demonstrating that the FSF strategy is indeed useful and inductive for the study of MCRs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.joc.6c01556","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T16:02:02Z","timestamp":1788883322000},"page":"12681-12690","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Fast-Slow-Fast\nStrategy for Exploring Three-Component\nReactions of Formaldehyde"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"Gul Khanda","family":"Sajjad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology , , 1037 Luoyu Road , Hongshan District, ,","place":["Wuhan, China, 430074"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5064-642X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Muhammad Noman Haider","family":"Tariq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology , , 1037 Luoyu Road , Hongshan District, ,","place":["Wuhan, China, 430074"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5130-3026","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yanlong","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology , , 1037 Luoyu Road , Hongshan District, ,","place":["Wuhan, China, 430074"]},{"name":"Inner Mongolia Vocational College of Chemical Engineering , , ,","place":["Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China, 010070"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026091808090135000_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1039\/B608235C","article-title":"Multi-Component Syntheses of Heterocycles by Transition-Metal\nCatalysis","volume":"36","author":"D\u2019Souza","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chem. 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