{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T15:33:12Z","timestamp":1786116792854,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"31","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785110400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/page\/policy\/termsofuse.html"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004731","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LMS25D050001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LMS25D050001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004731","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100016105","name":"Quzhou Municipal Science and Technology Bureau","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025K207"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025K207"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100016105","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/na","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42305109"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42305109"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/na","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are ubiquitous in environmental matrices. Owing to their persistence and biotoxicity, research attention and regulatory efforts have primarily focused on their atmospheric fate and associated human health risks. However, significant knowledge gaps remain regarding their influence on aerosol physicochemical properties and related geochemical processes, particularly phase transitions and particle morphology. In this study, we investigated the phase transition behavior and liquid\u2013liquid phase separation (LLPS) morphology of ternary mixed particles consisting of 1,2,6-hexanetriol, ammonium sulfate, and PFAS. Ultrashort-chain PFAS such as trifluoroacetic acid (TFA, nC = 2) maintained a core\u2013shell LLPS morphology due to relatively weak surface activity. The addition of perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA, nC = 4) shifted the morphology from core\u2013shell to partial engulfing, whereas systems containing perfluorobutanesulfonate (PFBS, nC = 4) further evolved to inverse core\u2013shell structures at high PFBS fractions. Long-chain PFAS, i.e., perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA, nC = 8) and perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS, nC = 8), induced partial engulfing structures at relatively low fractions, while higher fractions did not result in inverse core\u2013shell morphology. Surface tension measurements indicate that the observed LLPS morphological evolution is consistent with the surface activity of PFAS in the phase-separated organic and inorganic phases, which depends on perfluorocarbon chain length and functional group. These findings provide new insights into the regulatory effects of PFAS on the LLPS morphology of atmospheric organic\u2013inorganic biphasic systems. The results also help clarify the associated aerosol physicochemical properties and aerosol-chemistry-climate interactions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpca.6c03472","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T13:08:04Z","timestamp":1785848884000},"page":"6237-6245","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Perfluoroalkyl\nSubstances Reshape Phase-Separated\nMorphologies of Atmospheric Organic\u2013Inorganic Aerosols: Dependence\non Perfluorocarbon Chain Length and Functional Group"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"130","author":[{"given":"Min","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Quzhou University , , ,","place":["Quzhou, China, 324000"]},{"name":"Zhejiang University of Technology , , ,","place":["Hangzhou, China, 310014"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiyang","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Johon Chemical Co., Ltd. , ,","place":["Quzhou, China, 324000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Quzhou University , , ,","place":["Quzhou, China, 324000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenyong","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Zeyi Testing Technology Co., Ltd. , ,","place":["Quzhou, China, 324000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-2190-8579","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shuaishuai","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Quzhou University , , ,","place":["Quzhou, China, 324000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Quzhou University , , ,","place":["Quzhou, China, 324000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengtian","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Quzhou University , , ,","place":["Quzhou, China, 324000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chengxiang","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Quzhou University , , ,","place":["Quzhou, China, 324000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiqing","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Quzhou University , , ,","place":["Quzhou, China, 324000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengjie","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang University of Technology , , ,","place":["Hangzhou, China, 310014"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"2026080608140170100_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1881","DOI":"10.1021\/jp0556759","article-title":"Phase changes during hygroscopic cycles of mixed organic\/inorganic\nmodel systems of tropospheric aerosols","volume":"110","author":"Marcolli","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Phys.\nChem. A"},{"issue":"24","key":"2026080608140170100_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7694","DOI":"10.1039\/C6CS00783J","article-title":"Phase separation\nin organic aerosol","volume":"46","author":"Freedman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"issue":"0","key":"2026080608140170100_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1039\/c3fd00049d","article-title":"Morphologies\nof mixed organic\/inorganic\/aqueous aerosol droplets","volume":"165","author":"Song","year":"2013","journal-title":"Faraday Discuss."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026080608140170100_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s43247-022-00462-1","article-title":"Liquid-liquid\nphase separation reduces radiative absorption by aged\nblack carbon aerosols","volume":"3","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Commun. Earth Environ."},{"issue":"18","key":"2026080608140170100_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13511","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-18-13511-2018","article-title":"Shortwave\nradiative impact of liquid\u2013liquid\nphase separation in brown carbon aerosols","volume":"18","author":"Fard","year":"2018","journal-title":"Atmos.\nChem. Phys."},{"issue":"11","key":"2026080608140170100_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2386","DOI":"10.1021\/jp710685r","article-title":"N2O5 reactive\nuptake on aqueous sulfuric acid solutions coated with branched and\nstraight-chain insoluble organic surfactants","volume":"112","author":"Cosman","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. A"},{"issue":"22","key":"2026080608140170100_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15398","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.2c04670","article-title":"Phase state\nand relative humidity regulate the heterogeneous oxidation kinetics\nand pathways of organic-inorganic mixed aerosols","volume":"56","author":"Shen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"16","key":"2026080608140170100_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8255","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-13-8255-2013","article-title":"Self-limited\nuptake of \u03b1-pinene\noxide to acidic aerosol: the effects of liquid\u2013liquid phase\nseparation and implications for the formation of secondary organic\naerosol and organosulfates from epoxides","volume":"13","author":"Drozd","year":"2013","journal-title":"Atmos.\nChem. Phys."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026080608140170100_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-06622-2","article-title":"Resolving the mechanisms of hygroscopic growth and\ncloud condensation nuclei activity for organic particulate matter","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026080608140170100_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1021\/acsearthspacechem.7b00146","article-title":"Effect of particle\nmorphology on cloud condensation nuclei activity","volume":"2","author":"Altaf","year":"2018","journal-title":"ACS Earth Space Chem."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026080608140170100_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-23-221-2023","article-title":"Impact of phase state\nand non-ideal mixing on equilibration\ntimescales of secondary organic aerosol partitioning","volume":"23","author":"Schervish","year":"2023","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"issue":"27","key":"2026080608140170100_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11441","DOI":"10.1039\/c3cp51595h","article-title":"Gas-particle partitioning\nof atmospheric aerosols: interplay of physical state, non-ideal mixing\nand morphology","volume":"15","author":"Shiraiwa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys."},{"issue":"22","key":"2026080608140170100_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8807","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1305277110","article-title":"Influence of organic\nfilms on the evaporation and condensation of water in aerosol","volume":"110","author":"Davies","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"issue":"9","key":"2026080608140170100_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6999","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-21-6999-2021","article-title":"Water uptake\nof subpollen aerosol particles: hygroscopic growth, cloud condensation\nnuclei activation, and liquid\u2013liquid phase separation","volume":"21","author":"Mikhailov","year":"2021","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"2026080608140170100_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-026-10234-y","article-title":"Advancing operational\nglobal aerosol forecasting with machine learning","volume":"651","author":"Gui","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026080608140170100_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2691","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-12-2691-2012","article-title":"Liquid-liquid\nphase separation and morphology of internally mixed dicarboxylic acids\/ammonium\nsulfate\/water particles","volume":"12","author":"Song","year":"2012","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"issue":"43","key":"2026080608140170100_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16046","DOI":"10.1021\/ja408903g","article-title":"Size dependence of the structure\nof organic aerosol","volume":"135","author":"Veghte","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026080608140170100_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5207","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.9b05757","article-title":"Flash freeze flow tube to vitrify\naerosol particles at fixed relative humidity values","volume":"92","author":"Kucinski","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"34","key":"2026080608140170100_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15559","DOI":"10.1039\/c1cp21510h","article-title":"The morphology\nof aerosol particles consisting of hydrophobic\nand hydrophilic phases: hydrocarbons, alcohols and fatty acids as\nthe hydrophobic component","volume":"13","author":"Reid","year":"2011","journal-title":"Phys. Chem. Chem.\nPhys."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026080608140170100_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chempr.2019.10.018","article-title":"Aerosol optical tweezers constrain\nthe morphology evolution of liquid-liquid phase-separated atmospheric\nparticles","volume":"6","author":"Gorkowski","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chem"},{"issue":"22","key":"2026080608140170100_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15857","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-25-15857-2025","article-title":"Surfactants\nregulate the mixing state of organic-inorganic mixed aerosols undergoing\nliquid-liquid phase separation","volume":"25","author":"Fan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem.\nPhys."},{"issue":"23","key":"2026080608140170100_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16633","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.2c04848","article-title":"Anthropogenic\nand biogenic contributions to the organic composition of coastal submicron\nsea spray aerosol","volume":"56","author":"Franklin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"24","key":"2026080608140170100_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6501","DOI":"10.1021\/es049109n","article-title":"Surfactants in atmospheric aerosols","volume":"38","author":"Latif","year":"2004","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026080608140170100_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2508","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6b04806","article-title":"A never-ending story\nof per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs)?","volume":"51","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"23","key":"2026080608140170100_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16789","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.2c04372","article-title":"Vital environmental\nsources for multitudinous fluorinated chemicals:\nnew evidence from industrial byproducts in multienvironmental matrices\nin a fluorochemical manufactory","volume":"56","author":"He","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Sci.\nTechnol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026080608140170100_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-57272-0","article-title":"Broad-spectrum\ncapture of hundreds of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances from fluorochemical\nwastewater","volume":"16","author":"Liang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2026080608140170100_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2021.118035","article-title":"PFAS in\nsoil and groundwater following historical land application of biosolids","volume":"211","author":"Johnson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"issue":"21","key":"2026080608140170100_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9283","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.4c00569","article-title":"Occurrence\nand fate of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in atmosphere:\nSize-dependent gas-particle partitioning, precipitation scavenging,\nand amplification","volume":"58","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2026080608140170100_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.172132","article-title":"Global quantification\nof emerging and legacy per- and\npolyfluoroalkyl substances in indoor dust: Levels, profiles and human\nexposure","volume":"927","author":"Tan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"issue":"10","key":"2026080608140170100_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6046","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.1c00965","article-title":"First report on the\nbioaccumulation and trophic transfer of perfluoroalkyl\nether carboxylic acids in estuarine food web","volume":"56","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2026080608140170100_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.144421","article-title":"Deposition\nof PFAS \u2018forever chemicals\u2019 on Mt. Everest","volume":"759","author":"Miner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"issue":"12","key":"2026080608140170100_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adz4749","article-title":"Atmospheric transport and deposition of PFAS in East\nAntarctica: Evidence from snow transect measurements and a multidecadal\nrecord","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2026","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026080608140170100_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1021\/es0512475","article-title":"Sources,\nfate and transport of perfluorocarboxylates","volume":"40","author":"Prevedouros","year":"2006","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"51","key":"2026080608140170100_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2408575121","article-title":"Increased perfluorooctanoic acid\naccumulation facilitates the migration and invasion of lung cancer\ncells via remodeling cell mechanics","volume":"121","author":"Mei","year":"2024","journal-title":"Proc. Natl.\nAcad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"issue":"12","key":"2026080608140170100_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10661-024-13334-2","article-title":"Exploring the sources,\noccurrence, transformation, toxicity, monitoring, and remediation\nstrategies of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances: a review","volume":"196","author":"Elgarahy","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Monit. Assess."},{"issue":"29","key":"2026080608140170100_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14780","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5c07694","article-title":"Specific\nambient\nPM2.5-bound perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS):\nA prominent human health risk issue that deserves attention?","volume":"59","author":"Sangkham","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2026080608140170100_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2020.115512","article-title":"Enrichment\nof perfluoroalkyl substances\nin the sea-surface microlayer and sea-spray aerosols in the Southern\nOcean","volume":"267","author":"Casas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"issue":"32","key":"2026080608140170100_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14062","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.4c02731","article-title":"Overlooked\nhighly volatile persistent organic pollutants in the atmosphere","volume":"58","author":"Zhao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026080608140170100_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2201","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.4c08285","article-title":"Interactions between\nper- and polyfluoroalkyl substances\n(PFAS) at the water\u2013air Interface","volume":"59","author":"Lemay","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ.\nSci. Technol."},{"issue":"16","key":"2026080608140170100_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7300","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jctc.4c00459","article-title":"Molecular interactions of perfluorinated\nand branched fluorine-free surfactants at interfaces: Insights from\na new reliable force field","volume":"20","author":"Barbosa","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Chem. Theory\nComput."},{"issue":"12","key":"2026080608140170100_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9705","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-21-9705-2021","article-title":"Observations on hygroscopic\ngrowth and phase transitions of mixed 1, 2, 6-hexanetriol\/(NH4)2SO4 particles: investigation of the\nliquid\u2013liquid phase separation (LLPS) dynamic process and mechanism\nand secondary LLPS during the dehumidification","volume":"21","author":"Ma","year":"2021","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"issue":"17","key":"2026080608140170100_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3921","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpca.5c01182","article-title":"Key roles of bulk viscosity and acidity\non liquid\u2013liquid phase separation of atmospheric organic\u2013inorganic\nmixed aerosols","volume":"129","author":"Ye","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. A"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026080608140170100_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-15-253-2015","article-title":"Elemental ratio measurements of organic compounds using\naerosol mass spectrometry: characterization, improved calibration,\nand implications","volume":"15","author":"Canagaratna","year":"2015","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"2026080608140170100_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2022.118951","article-title":"Hygroscopic behavior\nand phase state of mixed NH4NO3 \/amino acids\nparticles by microscopy and IR technology","volume":"273","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Atmos.\nEnviron."},{"issue":"22","key":"2026080608140170100_cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13238","DOI":"10.1021\/es5035602","article-title":"Measuring and modeling\nthe salting-out effect in ammonium sulfate solutions","volume":"48","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026080608140170100_cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2010.01.009","article-title":"Effect of\nsalinity and sediment characteristics on\nthe sorption and desorption of perfluorooctane sulfonate at sediment-water\ninterface","volume":"158","author":"You","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"2026080608140170100_cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2022.118957","article-title":"Insights into the effects of salinity\non the sorption and desorption\nof legacy and emerging per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs)\non marine sediments","volume":"300","author":"Yin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"issue":"31","key":"2026080608140170100_cit48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13603","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0915169107","article-title":"Molecular origins\nof fluorocarbon hydrophobicity","volume":"107","author":"Dalvi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc. Natl.\nAcad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"issue":"21","key":"2026080608140170100_cit49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9921","DOI":"10.1039\/D4CS01269K","article-title":"The influence of C\u2013F\u00b7\u00b7\u00b7H\u2013X\nhydrogen-bonding\ninteractions on the reactivity and selectivity of organic reactions","volume":"54","author":"Xu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"issue":"18","key":"2026080608140170100_cit50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5787","DOI":"10.1021\/jp1003648","article-title":"Equilibrium morphology of mixed organic\/inorganic\/aqueous\naerosol droplets: Investigating the effect of relative humidity and\nsurfactants","volume":"114","author":"Kwamena","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. A"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026080608140170100_cit51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1007\/s10311-020-01015-8","article-title":"Short-chain and long-chain\nfluorosurfactants in firefighting foam: a review","volume":"18","author":"Peshoria","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Chem. Lett."},{"issue":"45","key":"2026080608140170100_cit52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19925","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.4c06189","article-title":"The global threat from the irreversible\naccumulation\nof trifluoroacetic acid (TFA)","volume":"58","author":"Arp","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Sci.\nTechnol."},{"issue":"49","key":"2026080608140170100_cit53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21393","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.4c04453","article-title":"Environmental occurrence\nand biotic concentrations of ultrashort-chain perfluoroalkyl acids:\nOverlooked global organofluorine contaminants","volume":"58","author":"Zhi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"33","key":"2026080608140170100_cit54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10642","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.5b05579","article-title":"Morphology of liquid-liquid\nphase separated aerosols","volume":"137","author":"Qiu","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"issue":"36","key":"2026080608140170100_cit55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9834","DOI":"10.1021\/jp903003w","article-title":"Perfluorinated surfactant\nchain-length effects on sonochemical kinetics","volume":"113","author":"Campbell","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. A"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026080608140170100_cit56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2295","DOI":"10.1039\/D5EW00440C","article-title":"Removal of long-\nand short-chain PFAS from groundwater by foam fractionation","volume":"11","author":"Klevan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Sci.:Water Res. Technol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026080608140170100_cit57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpca.6b10057","article-title":"Statistical thermodynamic\nmodel for surface tension of organic and inorganic aqueous mixtures","volume":"121","author":"Boyer","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. A"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026080608140170100_cit58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3316","DOI":"10.1021\/es049860w","article-title":"Degradation\nof Fluorotelomer Alcohols: A Likely Atmospheric Source of Perfluorinated\nCarboxylic Acids","volume":"38","author":"Ellis","year":"2004","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"5757","key":"2026080608140170100_cit59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1120120","article-title":"Variability\nin nocturnal nitrogen oxide processing and its role in regional air\nquality","volume":"311","author":"Brown","year":"2006","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026080608140170100_cit60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-65079-2","article-title":"Locating the missing\nabsorption enhancement due to multi\u2013core\nblack carbon aerosols","volume":"16","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."}],"container-title":["The Journal of Physical\nChemistry A"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acs.jpca.6c03472","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/jpcafh\/article-pdf\/130\/31\/6237\/66276791\/acs.jpca.6c03472.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/jpcafh\/article-pdf\/130\/31\/6237\/66276791\/acs.jpca.6c03472.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T12:21:06Z","timestamp":1786018866000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/jpcafh\/article\/130\/31\/6237\/5233747\/Perfluoroalkyl-Substances-Reshape-Phase-Separated"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"31","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.jpca.6c03472","relation":{},"ISSN":["1089-5639","1520-5215"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1089-5639","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-5215","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]]}}}