{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T19:44:44Z","timestamp":1792784684032,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"37","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788480000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788480000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788480000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"name":"Florida State University Research Foundation","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05g3dte14","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Science Foundation (NSF)","award":["Grant No. CHE-1919633"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant No. CHE-1919633"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Femtosecond pulse excitation gave the time evolution of the transient absorption spectra (TAS) of trans- and cis-stilbene (t- and c-St) in methanol. Global analysis of t-St TAS gives the spectrum of the singlet excited state of t-St, 1t*, with a lifetime, 46 ps, consistent with previous measurements. The spectrum of the singlet excited state of c-St, 1c*, has bands at 360 and 630 nm in agreement with early literature spectra in other solvents. However, the 1c* spectrum obtained on multiexponential global analysis of c-St TAS is much more intense in the UV relative to the visible in disagreement with the observed TAS. Although the lifetime of the 630 nm band, 0.47 ps, agrees with the reported lifetimes, monoexponential fits in the UV region yield lifetimes that are significantly longer. We attribute this discrepancy to interference by the twisted phantom singlet, 1p*, whose growth and decay occur in the same UV region. The 360 nm band rises together with a weak 405 nm band that decays faster and may be the Franck\u2013Condon 1c* transient or a 1c* transient on the way to dihydrophenanthrene formation. Also observed on exciting c-St is the TAS of 1t*. A mechanism involving two-photon sequential excitation of c-St accounts for this result.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpca.6c03887","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T12:02:12Z","timestamp":1788523332000},"page":"7404-7411","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Transient Absorption\nSpectroscopy of the Stilbenes\nin Methanol\u2500Adiabatic cis\u2192 trans Photoisomerization\nby Sequential Two-Photon Excitation"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"130","author":[{"given":"Sumesh B.","family":"Krishnan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Florida State University , , , ,","place":["Tallahassee, Florida, United States, 32306-4390"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph Sundar Raaj","family":"Vellore Winfred","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Florida State University , , , ,","place":["Tallahassee, Florida, United States, 32306-4390"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edwin F.","family":"Hilinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Florida State University , , , ,","place":["Tallahassee, Florida, United States, 32306-4390"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jack","family":"Saltiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Florida State University , , , ,","place":["Tallahassee, Florida, United States, 32306-4390"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5101-2023","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"La\u0301szlo\u0301","family":"Zima\u0301nyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HUN-REN Biological Research Centre , , P.O. Box 521, ,","place":["Szeged, Hungary, H-6701"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026091708521107000_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2147","DOI":"10.1039\/p29890002147","article-title":"Photochemical Addition of Methanol\nto Stilbenes","volume":"2","author":"Woning","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans."},{"key":"2026091708521107000_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4279","DOI":"10.1021\/jo040110e","article-title":"The Photochemical\nAddition of 2,2,2-Trifluorethanol\nto Methoxy-Substituted Stilbenes","volume":"69","author":"Roberts","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Org. Chem."},{"key":"2026091708521107000_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1480","DOI":"10.1021\/jo052123d","article-title":"Methoxy-substituted\nstilbenes, styrenes, and 1-arylpropenes:\nPhotophysical properties and photoadditions of alcohols","volume":"71","author":"Roberts","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Org. Chem."},{"key":"2026091708521107000_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6089","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpca.8b04011","article-title":"Photochemistry of the Stilbenes in Methanol. Trapping the Common\nPhantom Singlet State","volume":"122","author":"Saltiel","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. A"},{"key":"2026091708521107000_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1021\/ja00980a057","article-title":"Perdeuteriostilbene.\nThe Role of Phantom States in the Cis-Trans Photoisomerization of\nStilbenes","volume":"89","author":"Saltiel","year":"1967","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"2026091708521107000_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.physchem.57.032905.104612","article-title":"Isomerization\nThrough Conical Intersections","volume":"58","author":"Levine","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Phys.\nChem."},{"key":"2026091708521107000_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1021\/jp021210w","article-title":"Ab Initio Study of Cis-Trans Photoisomerization in\nStilbene and Ethylene","volume":"107","author":"Quenneville","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. A"},{"key":"2026091708521107000_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cplett.2010.05.022","article-title":"Evidence for the\nphantom state in photoinduced cis\u2013trans isomerization of stilbene","volume":"493","author":"Kovalenko","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chem. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"2026091708521107000_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1039\/df9500900014","article-title":"Characterization\nof electronic transitions in complex molecules","volume":"9","author":"Kasha","year":"1950","journal-title":"Discuss. Faraday Soc."},{"key":"2026091708521107000_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1063\/1.459168","article-title":"The viscosity\ndependence and reaction\ncoordinate for isomerization of cis-stilbene","volume":"93","author":"Abrash","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"2026091708521107000_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6291","DOI":"10.1063\/1.464824","article-title":"Femtosecond\nlaser studies of the cis-stilbene photoisomerization\nreactions","volume":"98","author":"Sension","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Chem. 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Soc."},{"key":"2026091708521107000_cit27","first-page":"252","volume-title":"Photoluminescence\nof Solutions","author":"Parker","year":"1968"},{"key":"2026091708521107000_cit28","unstructured":"Waller, A. S.\n          , cis-Stilbene Fluorescence and Excited Singlet State Dynamics, Dissertation; Florida State University:Tallahassee, FL, 1992."},{"key":"2026091708521107000_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cplett.2008.09.076","article-title":"Revised steady-state\nfluorescence spectrum and nature of the reactive S1 state\nof cis-stilbene in solution","volume":"465","author":"Nakamura","year":"2008","journal-title":"Chem. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"2026091708521107000_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cplett.2010.02.034","article-title":"Time-resolved\nfluorescence spectra of cis-stilbene in hexane and\nacetonitrile","volume":"489","author":"Sajadi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chem. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"2026091708521107000_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6089","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpca.8b04011","article-title":"Photochemistry of the\nStilbenes in Methanol. Trapping the Common\nPhantom Singlet State","volume":"122","author":"Saltiel","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. A"},{"key":"2026091708521107000_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1021\/j100787a032","article-title":"Temperature Dependence of Photoisomerization.\nIII.\nDirect and Sensitized Photoisomerization of Stilbenes","volume":"68","author":"Malkin","year":"1964","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem."},{"key":"2026091708521107000_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4119","DOI":"10.1021\/ja00746a004","article-title":"Viscosity Dependence of Fluorescence Quantum Yields","volume":"93","author":"Sharafy","year":"1971","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. 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Chem."},{"key":"2026091708521107000_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-481303-8.50007-X","article-title":"Cis-Trans Isomerization\nof Olefins","volume-title":"Rearrangements in Ground and\nExcited States","author":"Saltiel","year":"1980"},{"key":"2026091708521107000_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2683","DOI":"10.1351\/pac198052122683","article-title":"Picosecond\nProcesses in the Isomerism of Stilbenes","volume":"52","author":"Hochstrasser","year":"1980","journal-title":"Pure\nAppl. Chem."},{"key":"2026091708521107000_cit38","first-page":"64","article-title":"Cis-Trans Isomerization of CC Double Bonds","volume-title":"Photochromism, Molecules and Systems","author":"Saltiel","year":"1990"},{"key":"2026091708521107000_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1021\/cr00003a007","article-title":"Photoisomerization\nDynamics of Stilbenes","volume":"91","author":"Waldeck","year":"1991","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"2026091708521107000_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6697","DOI":"10.1063\/1.455342","article-title":"Unimolecular\nReactions in Isolated\nand Collisional Systems \u2013 Deuterium Isotope Effect in the Photoisomerization\nof Stilbene","volume":"89","author":"Courtney","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"2026091708521107000_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-2614(89)87529-3","article-title":"The Photoisomerization\nof trans-Stilbene in Alcohols","volume":"159","author":"Kim","year":"1989","journal-title":"Chem.\nPhys. Lett."},{"key":"2026091708521107000_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-2614(79)80734-4","article-title":"Spectroscopic study of the picosecond\nphotoisomerization of stilbenes","volume":"62","author":"Greene","year":"1979","journal-title":"Chem. Phys.\nLett."},{"key":"2026091708521107000_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cplett.2013.03.073","article-title":"On the excitation wavelength dependence and Arrhenius\nbehavior of stilbene isomerization rates in solution","volume":"570","author":"Kovalenko","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chem. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"2026091708521107000_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6428","DOI":"10.1021\/ja017485r","article-title":"Solvent Reorganization Controls the\nRate of Proton Transfer from Neat Alcohol Solvents to Singlet Diphenylcarbene","volume":"124","author":"Peon","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"2026091708521107000_cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12968","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms12968","article-title":"Competitive\nsolvent-molecule interactions govern primary processes of diphenylcarbene\nin solvent mixtures","volume":"7","author":"Knorr","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2026091708521107000_cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9335","DOI":"10.1021\/jp509959n","article-title":"Two-Photon Excitation\nof trans-Stilbene: Spectroscopy and Dynamics of Electronically\nExcited States above S1","volume":"119","author":"Houk","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Phys.\nChem. B"},{"key":"2026091708521107000_cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1246\/cl.1995.217","article-title":"Selective Isomerization\nof cis-Stilbene by Non-Resonant Two-Photon Excitation","volume":"24","author":"Miyazawa","year":"1995","journal-title":"Chem. Lett."},{"key":"2026091708521107000_cit48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1063\/1.442682","article-title":"Photochemistry of the lowest excited singlet state:\nAcceleration of trans-cis isomerization by two consecutive picosecond\npulses","volume":"76","author":"Sumitani","year":"1982","journal-title":"J. Chem. Phys."}],"container-title":["The Journal of Physical\nChemistry A"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acs.jpca.6c03887","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/jpcafh\/article-pdf\/130\/37\/7404\/68367520\/acs.jpca.6c03887.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/jpcafh\/article-pdf\/130\/37\/7404\/68367520\/acs.jpca.6c03887.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T13:09:24Z","timestamp":1789650564000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/jpcafh\/article\/130\/37\/7404\/5420182\/Transient-Absorption-Spectroscopy-of-the-Stilbenes"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"37","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.jpca.6c03887","relation":{},"ISSN":["1089-5639","1520-5215"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1089-5639","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-5215","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]]}}}