{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T07:43:40Z","timestamp":1793346220117,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"32","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785888000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000078","name":"Division of Materials Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2245435"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2245435"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000078","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005484","name":"Wellesley College","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005484","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Lead-halide perovskites are a promising material platform as semiconductors in next-generation solar cells because of their solution processability, defect tolerance, and tunable optoelectronic properties. Mixed iodide\u2013bromide perovskite compositions are attractive as wide-bandgap absorbers but suffer from significant operational instabilities. Incorporation of chloride to form triple-halide perovskites has been shown to improve both stability and performance; however, the extent of halide miscibility and chloride incorporation remains poorly understood. While bulk metrics such as diffraction-derived lattice parameters and optical bandgaps can confirm single-phase behavior, they do not establish homogeneous mixing on the halide site. Here, we use cryogenic X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) to directly probe local lead-halide coordination across single-, double-, and triple-halide perovskite compositions. We show the formation of a single-phase triple-halide perovskite whose miscibility is mediated by bromide content. We identify signatures of halide mixing from the Pb L3-edge EXAFS of mixed double- and triple-halide perovskites using both quantitative fits and Cauchy wavelet transforms. Finally, using wavelet transforms of the Br K-edge EXAFS, we demonstrate halide intermixing on the single PbX6 octahedron level, exploiting forward-scattering amplified third-shell halide\u2013bromide interactions. These results are a step forward in the understanding of local structure that is required to fully describe and optimize halide incorporation for novel perovskite compositions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcc.6c03620","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T07:03:43Z","timestamp":1785913423000},"page":"11446-11457","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Probing Local Coordination\nand Halide Miscibility\nin Single-, Double-, and Triple-Halide Perovskites Using\nEXAFS"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"130","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-0859-6425","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sonia S.","family":"Mulgund","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellesley College , , , ,","place":["Wellesley, Massachusetts, United States, 02481"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1176-2700","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Esther Y.-H.","family":"Hung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lund University , , ,","place":["Lund, Sweden, 22484"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-5527-7017","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Leslie","family":"Bostwick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Olin College of Engineering , , ,","place":["Needham, Massachusetts, United States, 02492"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashley","family":"Galbraith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellesley College , , , ,","place":["Wellesley, Massachusetts, United States, 02481"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Owen M.","family":"Romberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellesley College , , , ,","place":["Wellesley, Massachusetts, United States, 02481"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1725-1677","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Justus","family":"Just","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lund University , , ,","place":["Lund, Sweden, 22484"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2288-150X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rebecca A.","family":"Belisle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellesley College , , , ,","place":["Wellesley, Massachusetts, United States, 02481"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6773","key":"2026081309071106600_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adw8780","article-title":"Homogenized Chlorine\nDistribution for &gt; 27% Power Conversion Efficiency\nin Perovskite Solar Cells","volume":"390","author":"Xiong","year":"2025","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"8078","key":"2026081309071106600_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-025-09333-z","article-title":"Efficient Perovskite\/Silicon Tandem with Asymmetric\nSelf-Assembly Molecule","volume":"644","author":"Jia","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026081309071106600_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1764","DOI":"10.1021\/nl400349b","article-title":"Chemical\nManagement for Colorful, Efficient, and Stable Inorganic\u2013Organic\nHybrid Nanostructured Solar Cells","volume":"13","author":"Noh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nano Lett."},{"issue":"10","key":"2026081309071106600_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2506","DOI":"10.1021\/acsenergylett.7b00647","article-title":"The Potential of Multijunction Perovskite\nSolar Cells","volume":"2","author":"Ho\u0308rantner","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACS Energy Lett."},{"issue":"6482","key":"2026081309071106600_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaz5074","article-title":"Triple-Halide\nWide\u2013Band Gap Perovskites with\nSuppressed Phase Segregation for Efficient Tandems","volume":"367","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"30","key":"2026081309071106600_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202211742","article-title":"Chloride-Based\nAdditive Engineering for Efficient and Stable Wide-Bandgap Perovskite\nSolar Cells","volume":"35","author":"Shen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"8","key":"2026081309071106600_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4893495","article-title":"Bandgap\nCalculations and Trends of Organometal Halide Perovskites","volume":"2","author":"Castelli","year":"2014","journal-title":"APL Mater."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081309071106600_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1038\/s41560-023-01406-5","article-title":"Halide Homogenization for Low Energy\nLoss in 2-eV-Bandgap Perovskites and Increased Efficiency in All-Perovskite\nTriple-Junction Solar Cells","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Energy"},{"issue":"8053","key":"2026081309071106600_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-08546-y","article-title":"Steering Perovskite\nPrecursor Solutions for Multijunction Photovoltaics","volume":"639","author":"Hu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026081309071106600_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-021-01019-7","article-title":"Nanoscale\nChemical Heterogeneity Dominates the Optoelectronic Response of Alloyed\nPerovskite Solar Cells","volume":"17","author":"Frohna","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Nanotechnol."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026081309071106600_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1039\/C8EE00124C","article-title":"Iodine\nChemistry Determines the Defect Tolerance of Lead-Halide Perovskites","volume":"11","author":"Meggiolaro","year":"2018","journal-title":"Energy Environ. Sci."},{"issue":"46","key":"2026081309071106600_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abj1799","article-title":"Performance-Limiting Formation Dynamics\nin Mixed-Halide Perovskites","volume":"7","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081309071106600_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1039\/C9EE02162K","article-title":"Revealing the Origin of Voltage Loss\nin Mixed-Halide Perovskite Solar Cells","volume":"13","author":"Mahesh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Energy\nEnviron. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081309071106600_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1039\/C4SC03141E","article-title":"Reversible Photo-Induced Trap Formation in Mixed-Halide\nHybrid Perovskites for Photovoltaics","volume":"6","author":"Hoke","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chem.\nSci."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026081309071106600_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4335","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.1c22854","article-title":"Structural Dynamics of Metal Halide Perovskites during\nPhotoinduced Halide Segregation","volume":"14","author":"Halford","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater.\nInterfaces"},{"issue":"37","key":"2026081309071106600_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18547","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcc.3c04708","article-title":"Thermodynamic Band\nGap Model for Photoinduced Phase Segregation in Mixed-Halide Perovskites","volume":"127","author":"Ruth","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. C"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081309071106600_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-020-00826-y","article-title":"Light-Induced\nReversal of Ion Segregation\nin Mixed-Halide Perovskites","volume":"20","author":"Mao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Mater."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026081309071106600_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.6b04453","article-title":"Origin of Reversible Photoinduced\nPhase Separation in Hybrid Perovskites","volume":"17","author":"Bischak","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nano\nLett."},{"issue":"9","key":"2026081309071106600_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joule.2021.07.011","article-title":"The Role\nof Halide Oxidation in Perovskite\nHalide Phase Separation","volume":"5","author":"Kerner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Joule"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026081309071106600_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1021\/acsenergylett.6b00495","article-title":"Light-Induced Phase Segregation in\nHalide-Perovskite Absorbers","volume":"1","author":"Slotcavage","year":"2016","journal-title":"ACS Energy Lett."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026081309071106600_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trechm.2020.01.010","article-title":"Photoinduced Anion\nSegregation in Mixed Halide Perovskites","volume":"2","author":"Brennan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trends\nChem."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081309071106600_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1021\/acsenergylett.6b00158","article-title":"Tracking Iodide\nand Bromide Ion Segregation\nin Mixed Halide Lead Perovskites during Photoirradiation","volume":"1","author":"Yoon","year":"2016","journal-title":"ACS Energy Lett."},{"issue":"14","key":"2026081309071106600_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6206","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.0c02100","article-title":"How Chloride Suppresses\nPhotoinduced Phase Segregation\nin Mixed Halide Perovskites","volume":"32","author":"Cho","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chem. Mater."},{"issue":"12","key":"2026081309071106600_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6361","DOI":"10.1039\/C5NR06217A","article-title":"The Influence of the I\/Cl Ratio on\nthe Performance of CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3\u2013x Cl x -Based Solar Cells: Why Is CH 3 NH 3 I: PbCl 2 = 3:1 the \u201cMagic\u201d Ratio?","volume":"8","author":"McLeod","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081309071106600_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-05937-4","article-title":"Transformation from\nCrystalline Precursor to Perovskite in PbCl2-Derived MAPbI3","volume":"9","author":"Stone","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"15","key":"2026081309071106600_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5028","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.5b13254","article-title":"Deciphering Halogen\nCompetition in\nOrganometallic Halide Perovskite Growth","volume":"138","author":"Yang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J.\nAm. Chem. Soc."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026081309071106600_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6229","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.5c18303","article-title":"Homogenized Optoelectronic\nProperties in Perovskites: Achieving High-Efficiency\nSolar Cells with Common Chloride Additives","volume":"148","author":"Wang","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"issue":"12","key":"2026081309071106600_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8114","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.5b03556","article-title":"Chloride Incorporation\nProcess in CH3NH3PbI3\u2013xClx Perovskites via Nanoscale Bandgap\nMaps","volume":"15","author":"Chae","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nano Lett."},{"key":"2026081309071106600_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actamat.2019.10.008","article-title":"Ternary Diagrams\nof the Phase, Optical Bandgap Energy\nand Photoluminescence of Mixed-Halide Perovskites","volume":"181","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Mater."},{"issue":"6653","key":"2026081309071106600_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adf5872","article-title":"Interface\nEngineering for High-Performance, Triple-Halide Perovskite\u2013Silicon\nTandem Solar Cells","volume":"381","author":"Mariotti","year":"2023","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026081309071106600_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202307743","article-title":"Minimizing Interfacial Recombination\nin 1.8 eV Triple-Halide Perovskites for 27.5% Efficient All-Perovskite\nTandems","volume":"36","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"6742","key":"2026081309071106600_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adt3417","article-title":"Strain-Induced\nRubidium Incorporation into Wide-Bandgap\nPerovskites Reduces Photovoltage Loss","volume":"388","author":"Zheng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"43","key":"2026081309071106600_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21760","DOI":"10.1039\/C5TA05470B","article-title":"Chemical Engineering\nof Methylammonium Lead Iodide\/Bromide Perovskites: Tuning of Opto-Electronic\nProperties and Photovoltaic Performance","volume":"3","author":"Park","year":"2015","journal-title":"J.\nMater. Chem. A"},{"issue":"18","key":"2026081309071106600_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4184","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpclett.2c00938","article-title":"Optoelectronic Properties\nof Mixed Iodide\u2013Bromide Perovskites from First-Principles Computational\nModeling and Experiment","volume":"13","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. Lett."},{"issue":"41","key":"2026081309071106600_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16191","DOI":"10.1039\/C6TA07647E","article-title":"Distribution of Bromine in Mixed\nIodide\u2013Bromide Organolead Perovskites and Its Impact on Photovoltaic\nPerformance","volume":"4","author":"Zhou","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. A"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026081309071106600_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.accounts.0c00749","article-title":"Halide Ion Migration\nin Perovskite Nanocrystals and Nanostructures","volume":"54","author":"Kamat","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acc. Chem. Res."},{"issue":"49","key":"2026081309071106600_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15821","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.6b10049","article-title":"Intrinsic Halide Segregation at Nanometer Scale Determines\nthe High Efficiency of Mixed Cation\/Mixed Halide Perovskite Solar\nCells","volume":"138","author":"Gratia","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026081309071106600_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1565","DOI":"10.1021\/acsaem.2c03438","article-title":"In Situ Observation\nof Photoinduced Halide Segregation in Mixed Halide Perovskite","volume":"6","author":"Lee","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Energy Mater."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026081309071106600_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2172","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.8b00505","article-title":"Local Observation\nof Phase Segregation in Mixed-Halide Perovskite","volume":"18","author":"Tang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nano Lett."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026081309071106600_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202206047","article-title":"Multi-Stage Phase-Segregation of Mixed Halide Perovskites under Illumination:\nA Quantitative Comparison of Experimental Observations and Thermodynamic\nModels","volume":"33","author":"Suchan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"issue":"20","key":"2026081309071106600_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10439","DOI":"10.1039\/D0TA01237H","article-title":"Optical in\nSitu Monitoring during the Synthesis of Halide Perovskite Solar Cells\nReveals Formation Kinetics and Evolution of Optoelectronic Properties","volume":"8","author":"Suchan","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. A"},{"issue":"21","key":"2026081309071106600_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01507527","article-title":"Die Gesetze\nder Krystallochemie","volume":"14","author":"Goldschmidt","year":"1926","journal-title":"Naturwissenschaften"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081309071106600_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-36218-1","article-title":"Significance\nof Hydrogen Bonding and Other Noncovalent Interactions in Determining\nOctahedral Tilting in the CH3NH3PbI3 Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Halide\nPerovskite Solar Cell Semiconductor","volume":"9","author":"Varadwaj","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026081309071106600_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PRXEnergy.2.033004","article-title":"Thermal Contributions\nto the Local and Long-Range Structural\nDisorder in CH 3 NH 3 Pb Br 3","volume":"2","author":"Weadock","year":"2023","journal-title":"PRX Energy"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026081309071106600_cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5388","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcc.1c05750","article-title":"Temperature-Dependent\nEXAFS Measurements of the Pb\nL3-Edge Allow Quantification of the Anharmonicity of the Lead\u2013Halide\nBond of Chlorine-Substituted Methylammonium (MA) Lead Triiodide","volume":"126","author":"Schuck","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. C"},{"key":"2026081309071106600_cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20517\/microstructures.2024.33","article-title":"On the Thermal Expansion of the Tetragonal\nPhase of MAPbI 3 and MAPbBr3","volume":"4","author":"Schuck","year":"2024","journal-title":"Microstructures"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026081309071106600_cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.101.054302","article-title":"Origin\nof the Anomalous Pb-Br Bond Dynamics in Formamidinium\nLead Bromide Perovskites","volume":"101","author":"Singh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"},{"issue":"21","key":"2026081309071106600_cit48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.108.214102","article-title":"Local Structure, Bonding, and Asymmetry\nof ((NH2)2CH)PbBr3, CsPbBr3, and (CH3NH3)PbBr3","volume":"108","author":"Bridges","year":"2023","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"},{"issue":"44","key":"2026081309071106600_cit49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24655","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcc.1c07225","article-title":"Probing the\nRole of\nLocal Structure in Driving the Stability of Halide Perovskites CH 3 NH 3 PbX 3","volume":"125","author":"Nandi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J.\nPhys. Chem. C"},{"issue":"20","key":"2026081309071106600_cit50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4876","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpclett.3c00683","article-title":"Water-Regulated\nLead Halide Perovskites\nPrecursor Solution: Perovskite Structure Making and Breaking","volume":"14","author":"Zuo","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. Lett."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026081309071106600_cit51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.6b04917","article-title":"Evolution\nof Iodoplumbate Complexes in Methylammonium Lead Iodide Perovskite\nPrecursor Solutions","volume":"29","author":"Sharenko","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chem. Mater."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026081309071106600_cit52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.1c03563","article-title":"Role of the Alkali Metal Cation in\nthe Early Stages of Crystallization of Halide Perovskites","volume":"34","author":"Flatken","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chem. Mater."},{"issue":"13","key":"2026081309071106600_cit53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6251","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.0c00411","article-title":"Unveiling the Relationship\nbetween the Perovskite Precursor Solution and the Resulting Device\nPerformance","volume":"142","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"issue":"17","key":"2026081309071106600_cit54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8424","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.4c01523","article-title":"Smaller Is Better: The Case for Lower-Order Iodoplumbate\nSpecies Dominating MAPbI3\/Dimethylformamide Solutions","volume":"36","author":"Intan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chem. 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