{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T19:44:47Z","timestamp":1792784687704,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"37","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788393600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788393600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788393600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001412","name":"Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001412","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001843","name":"Science and Engineering Research Board","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EEQ\/2022\/000325"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EEQ\/2022\/000325"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001843","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100024236","name":"Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100024236","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"M S Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02anh8x74","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"SDIC","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/030mq9680","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Two-dimensional (2D) chiral hybrid organic\u2013inorganic perovskites (HOIPs) have emerged as promising materials for optoelectronic and spintronic applications owing to their tunable electronic structures and chiroptical properties. Here, we investigate the effects of organic spacer and halide composition on chiroptical properties of 2D HOIPs using circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. A blue shift in excitonic transitions is observed from methylbenzylamine (MBA) to 1-cyclohexylethylamine (CHEA) with increasing steric factor and with halide substitution from I to Br. The highest dissymmetry factor, gCD = 2.7 \u00d7 10\u20133, is obtained for (R\/S-MBA)2PbBr4, whereas (R\/S-CHEA)2PbI4 exhibits the value 1.6 \u00d7 10\u20134. DFT calculations reveal that bromide-based systems exhibit stronger charge transfer, enhanced molecule\u2013halide reactions, and greater lattice distortions, while MBA promotes stronger electronic coupling than CHEA. These effects facilitate more efficient transfer of chirality from the organic spacer to the inorganic framework, thereby governing the observed chiroptical response.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpclett.6c02106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T19:57:30Z","timestamp":1788465450000},"page":"10603-10612","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Tuning Chiroptical\nProperties of Two-Dimensional Hybrid\nPerovskites through Organic Spacer and Halide Composition"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Soubhik","family":"Ghosh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur , , - , ,","place":["Kolkata, West Bengal, India, 700032"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tanu","family":"Choudhary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"M S Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences , , - ,","place":["Bengaluru, India, 560054"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simanta","family":"Kundu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shibpur Dinobundhoo Institution (College) , , 412\/1, G. T. Road (South), Shibpur , - , ,","place":["Howrah, West Bengal, India, 711102"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-2856-9983","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Asit","family":"Maity","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur , , - , ,","place":["Kolkata, West Bengal, India, 700032"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2135-4409","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Raju K.","family":"Biswas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North Eastern Regional Institute of Science and Technology , , - , ,","place":["Nirjuli, Arunachal Pradesh, India, 791109"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8996-9015","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Amitava","family":"Patra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur , , - , ,","place":["Kolkata, West Bengal, India, 700032"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026091709083450300_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-02978-7","article-title":"Efficient\nGreen Light-Emitting Diodes Based on Quasi-Two-Dimensional\nComposition and Phase Engineered Perovskite with Surface Passivation","volume":"9","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. 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Soc."},{"key":"2026091709083450300_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abq6993","article-title":"Two-Dimensional Perovskite Templates for Durable, Efficient\nFormamidinium Perovskite Solar Cells","volume":"384","author":"Sidhik","year":"2024","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026091709083450300_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abj2637","article-title":"Metastable\nDion-Jacobson\n2D Structure Enables Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells","volume":"375","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026091709083450300_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16612","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.6b11683","article-title":"Two-Dimensional (C4H9NH3)2PbBr4 Perovskite Crystals for High-Performance Photodetector","volume":"138","author":"Tan","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"2026091709083450300_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eadt9952","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adt9952","article-title":"Broadband photodetection of intense\nlasers via exciton-enhanced high-order multiphoton-absorption optoelectronics\nin 2D hybrid perovskite","volume":"11","author":"Xu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"2026091709083450300_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2100518","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202100518","article-title":"Atomically Thin Sheets of Lead-Free 1D Hybrid\nPerovskites Feature Tunable White-Light Emission from Self-Trapped\nExcitons","volume":"33","author":"Klement","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"2026091709083450300_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2156","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.9b08975","article-title":"Anisotropy\nof Excitons in Two-Dimensional Perovskite Crystals","volume":"14","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"2026091709083450300_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202411219","article-title":"Reducing Dielectric\nConfinement Effect Enhances Carrier Separation in Two-Dimensional\nHybrid Perovskite Photocatalysts","volume":"63","author":"Fang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Angew. Chem.,\nInt. Ed."},{"key":"2026091709083450300_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1703487","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201703487","article-title":"2D Ruddlesden\u2013Popper\nPerovskites for Optoelectronics","volume":"30","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"2026091709083450300_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1332","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-21493-w","article-title":"Layer Number\nDependent Ferroelasticity in 2D Ruddlesden\u2013Popper Organic-Inorganic\nHybrid Perovskites","volume":"12","author":"Xiao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2026091709083450300_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7001","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.6b03114","article-title":"Charge-Carrier Dynamics in 2D Hybrid\nMetal\u2013Halide\nPerovskites","volume":"16","author":"Milot","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nano Lett."},{"key":"2026091709083450300_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1243982","article-title":"Electron-Hole\nDiffusion Lengths Exceeding 1 Micrometer in an Organometal Trihalide\nPerovskite Absorber","volume":"342","author":"Stranks","year":"2013","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026091709083450300_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1039\/c3ee43822h","article-title":"Formamidinium Lead\nTrihalide: A Broadly Tunable Perovskite\nfor Efficient Planar Heterojunction Solar Cells","volume":"7","author":"Eperon","year":"2014","journal-title":"Energy Environ. Sci."},{"key":"2026091709083450300_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4421","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.6b01622","article-title":"Crystalline Mixed Halide Halobismuthates and Their\nInduced Second Harmonic Generation","volume":"28","author":"Zheng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chem. Mater."},{"key":"2026091709083450300_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3456","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-11251-4","article-title":"Ultrafast Long-Range Spin-Funneling in Solution-Processed\nRuddlesden\u2013Popper Halide Perovskites","volume":"10","author":"Giovanni","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2026091709083450300_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9565","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.3c00214","article-title":"Synergy of 3D and 2D Perovskites\nfor Durable, Efficient Solar Cells and Beyond","volume":"123","author":"Metcalf","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"2026091709083450300_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2523","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.0c11328","article-title":"Insight on the Stability of Thick Layers in 2D Ruddlesden\u2013Popper\nand Dion\u2013Jacobson Lead Iodide Perovskites","volume":"143","author":"Vasileiadou","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"2026091709083450300_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3124","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-38927-2","article-title":"Unraveling Chirality Transfer Mechanism by Structural Isomer-Derived\nHydrogen Bonding Interaction in 2D Chiral Perovskite","volume":"14","author":"Son","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2026091709083450300_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eadh5083","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adh5083","article-title":"Bright Circularly Polarized\nPhotoluminescence in Chiral Layered Hybrid Lead-Halide Perovskites","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"2026091709083450300_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5060","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.9b11809","article-title":"Control of Crystal Symmetry Breaking with Halogen-Substituted\nBenzylammonium in Layered Hybrid Metal-Halide Perovskites","volume":"142","author":"Schmitt","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"2026091709083450300_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13030","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.0c03899","article-title":"Highly Distorted Chiral Two-Dimensional Tin Iodide\nPerovskites for Spin Polarized Charge Transport","volume":"142","author":"Lu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"2026091709083450300_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4206","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.9b11453","article-title":"Chiral 2D Organic Inorganic Hybrid\nPerovskite with Circular Dichroism Tunable Over Wide Wavelength Range","volume":"142","author":"Ahn","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"2026091709083450300_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5603","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.8b02078","article-title":"Concept of Lattice Mismatch\nand Emergence of Surface States in Two-dimensional Hybrid Perovskite\nQuantum Wells","volume":"18","author":"Kepenekian","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nano Lett."},{"key":"2026091709083450300_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2501","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcc.6c00179","article-title":"Steric Hindrance Enhancement\nProlongs Charge Carrier Lifetimes in\nTwo-Dimensional Ruddlesden\u2013Popper Perovskites","volume":"130","author":"Wu","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. C"},{"key":"2026091709083450300_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10613","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcc.5c02987","article-title":"Impact\nof Halide Substitution in the Inorganic Framework on the Optical\nActivity of Chiral Metal-Halide Perovskites","volume":"129","author":"Solhtalab","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. C"},{"key":"2026091709083450300_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5100","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpclett.0c01463","article-title":"Two-Dimensional Perovskite Capping\nLayer Simultaneously Improves the Charge Carriers\u2019 Lifetime\nand Stability of MAPbI3 Perovskite: A Time-Domain Ab Initio Study","volume":"11","author":"He","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"2026091709083450300_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10900","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpclett.3c02738","article-title":"Impacts of\nExciton\nBinding Energy and Dielectric Confinement of Layered Lead Halide Perovskites\non Carrier Relaxation and Exciton Phonon Interactions","volume":"14","author":"Marjit","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"2026091709083450300_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-27663-0","article-title":"Regulation\nof the Luminescence Mechanism of Two-Dimensional Tin Halide Perovskites","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2026091709083450300_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3321","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.7b08202","article-title":"Composite\nNature of Layered Hybrid Perovskites: Assessment\non Quantum and Dielectric Confinements and Band Alignment","volume":"12","author":"Traore","year":"2018","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"2026091709083450300_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19497","DOI":"10.1039\/D0NR04239K","article-title":"Circularly Polarized Luminescence of Nanoassemblies Via Multi-Dimensional\nChiral Architecture Control","volume":"12","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"key":"2026091709083450300_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7822","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpclett.4c01837","article-title":"Chirality\nof CsPbBr3 Nanocrystals with Varying Dimensions in the\nPresence of Chiral Molecules","volume":"15","author":"Das","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem.\nLett."},{"key":"2026091709083450300_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/2515-7639\/ad87d5","article-title":"The Role of Metal-Halide Bond in\nThe Distortions and Asymmetric Non-covalent Interactions in Chiral\nHybrid Perovskites","volume":"7","author":"Fortino","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Phys. Mater."},{"key":"2026091709083450300_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5461","DOI":"10.1021\/jp202489s","article-title":"Crystal Orbital\nHamilton Population (COHP) Analysis As Projected from Plane-Wave Basis\nSets","volume":"115","author":"Deringer","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. A"},{"key":"2026091709083450300_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10234","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpclett.5c02393","article-title":"Strain-Induced\nInterlayer Interactions under Hydrostatic Pressure Can Boost Circularly\nPolarized Luminescence in Chiral Hybrid Halide Perovskites","volume":"16","author":"Fortino","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"2026091709083450300_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.3553716","article-title":"Accurate and Efficient Algorithm for Bader Charge Integration","volume":"134","author":"Yu","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Chem. Phys."}],"container-title":["The Journal of\nPhysical Chemistry Letters"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acs.jpclett.6c02106","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/jpclcd\/article-pdf\/17\/37\/10603\/68273948\/acs.jpclett.6c02106.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/jpclcd\/article-pdf\/17\/37\/10603\/68273948\/acs.jpclett.6c02106.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T14:03:12Z","timestamp":1789653792000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/jpclcd\/article\/17\/37\/10603\/5412078\/Tuning-Chiroptical-Properties-of-Two-Dimensional"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"37","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.jpclett.6c02106","relation":{},"ISSN":["1948-7185"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1948-7185","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]]}}}