{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T19:16:41Z","timestamp":1788290201323,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"34","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787011200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787011200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787011200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005230","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CSTB2023NSCQ-MSX0555"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSTB2023NSCQ-MSX0555"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005230","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005230","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0576"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0576"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005230","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Interfacial defects remain one of the critical bottleneck restricting further enhancements in the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Here, we report sulfamethoxazole (SMX), a commercially available sulfonamide antibiotic, as a multidentate Lewis base interfacial modifier for FA\/MA mixed-cation n-i-p PSCs. The SMX molecule contains multiple N- and O-based binding sites that simultaneously passivate undercoordinated Pb2+, organic-cation vacancies, and halide vacancies through synergistic coordination, hydrogen bonding, and electrostatic interaction. The device with optimized SMX concentration (0.5 mg mL\u20131) achieves an average power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.31% (champion 21.05%), outperforming the reference device (18.01%), and exhibits a reduced hysteresis index from 5.33% to 2.58%. Comprehensive carrier-dynamics analyses reveal that SMX passivation decreases trap density, reduces nonradiative recombination losses, facilitates charge extraction, and reinforces the built-in electric field, thereby contributing to the improved VOC. Moreover, the unencapsulated SMX-modified device retains 93.45% of its initial PCE after storage in ambient air for 800 h. Therefore, this study provides a practical strategy of using multifunctional Lewis bases for synergistic interfacial passivation, ion migration suppression, and stability improvement in PSCs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpclett.6c02253","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T08:01:59Z","timestamp":1787040119000},"page":"9940-9949","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Sulfamethoxazole-Induced\nSynergistic Interfacial Passivation\nfor Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Chaoting","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Normal University , , ,","place":["Chongqing, China, 401331"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yumei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Normal University , , ,","place":["Chongqing, China, 401331"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maoyun","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Normal University , , ,","place":["Chongqing, China, 401331"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangqian","family":"Ao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Normal University , , ,","place":["Chongqing, China, 401331"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Normal University , , ,","place":["Chongqing, China, 401331"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuncheng","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Normal University , , ,","place":["Chongqing, China, 401331"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enze","family":"Quan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Normal University , , ,","place":["Chongqing, China, 401331"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-4539-1354","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lijia","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Normal University , , ,","place":["Chongqing, China, 401331"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9063-6843","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Qiaoming","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southwest University , , ,","place":["Chongqing, China, 400715"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026090114440329500_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202506619","article-title":"Surface Reconstruction\nThrough Synergetic PEACl-Modification and Solvent Etching for High-Efficiency\nand Stable Perovskite\/Silicon Tandem Solar Cells","volume":"16","author":"Chai","year":"2026","journal-title":"Adv. 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Energy Mater."},{"key":"2026090114440329500_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9044","DOI":"10.1039\/D2TC00982J","article-title":"Interfacial Passivation\nwith 4-Chlorobenzene Sulfonyl\nChloride for Stable and Efficient Planar Perovskite Solar Cells","volume":"10","author":"Shini","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. C"},{"key":"2026090114440329500_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112746","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optmat.2022.112746","article-title":"Surface Passivation Boosted Performances\nof Perovskite Solar Cells Assembled under Ambient Conditions","volume":"131","author":"Hoseinpour","year":"2022","journal-title":"Opt. Mater."},{"key":"2026090114440329500_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2100731","DOI":"10.1002\/solr.202100731","article-title":"Sulfonyl and\nCarbonyl Groups in MSTC Effectively Improve the Performance and Stability\nof Perovskite Solar Cells","volume":"6","author":"Zhou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Solar RRL"},{"key":"2026090114440329500_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108990","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2023.108990","article-title":"Deep and Shallow Level\nDefect Passivation via Fluoromethyl Phosphonate\nfor High Performance Air-Processed Perovskite Solar Cells","volume":"118","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nano Energy"},{"key":"2026090114440329500_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2412717","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202412717","article-title":"Tetramethylurea Based\nIntermediate Phase Engineering for Efficient and Stable Perovskite\nSolar Cells","volume":"21","author":"Zhu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"2026090114440329500_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1805214","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201805214","article-title":"On the Current-Voltage Hysteresis in Perovskite Solar Cells: Dependence\non Perovskite Composition and Methods to Remove Hysteresis","volume":"31","author":"Kang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. 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