{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T19:43:44Z","timestamp":1792784624266,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"40","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790294400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790294400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790294400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021171","name":"Guangdong Provincial Department of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025B1515020068"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025B1515020068"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021171","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100022810","name":"State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024-ZD03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024-ZD03"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100022810","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials, Sichuan University","award":["sklapm2026-3-4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["sklapm2026-3-4"]}]},{"name":"Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission","award":["JCYJ20240813142610015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JCYJ20240813142610015"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/017n8df75","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)","award":["52373040"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52373040"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) are considered promising candidates for next-generation high-energy-density energy storage systems; however, their practical application is severely hindered by uncontrolled Li dendrite growth and unstable interfacial evolution caused by repeated volume fluctuations of Li metal anodes. Herein, we report a piezoelectric solid-state electrolyte by integrating an electrospun poly(vinylidene fluoride) (ESPVDF) nanofibrous scaffold with a macroscopically aligned ferroelectric \u03b2 phase and a high-dielectric poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene) [P(VDF-TrFE-CTFE), (PTC)] with a relaxor ferroelectric phase. The three-dimensional interconnected ESPVDF scaffold provides continuous ion-transport pathways, enhanced mechanical strength, and a directionally aligned piezoelectric response, while the high dielectric constant of PTC promotes lithium-salt dissociation and improves ion transport. As a result, ESPVDF-PTC achieves a room-temperature ionic conductivity of 3.0 \u00d7 10\u20134 S cm\u20131 and a Li+ transference number of 0.25. More importantly, under mechanical stress induced by Li metal volume changes, ESPVDF-PTC generates a transient piezoelectric field through the direct piezoelectric effect, which dynamically regulates Li+ flux, weakens the local electric-field concentration at dendrite tips, and promotes homogeneous Li deposition. Benefiting from this self-responsive dendrite-suppression mechanism, Li\/\/Li symmetric cells based on ESPVDF-PTC electrolyte exhibit stable cycling for more than 1500 h at 0.1 mA cm\u20132 and 1200 h at 0.2 mA cm\u20132. Furthermore, solid-state LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811)\/ESPVDF-PTC\/Li full cells deliver an initial capacity of 150 mAh g\u20131 at 0.5 C and retain 84% of their capacity after 500 cycles. This work provides a new strategy for constructing piezoelectric solid-state electrolytes that dynamically regulate Li+ transport and suppress dendrite growth for stable room-temperature LMBs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpclett.6c02592","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T14:02:47Z","timestamp":1790344967000},"page":"11665-11673","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Oriented Piezoelectric\nPoly(Vinylidene Fluoride) Nanofibrous\nScaffold Enables Self-Responsive Dendrite Suppression in Solid-State\nLithium Metal Batteries"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Hanrui","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen University , , ,","place":["Shenzhen, P. R. China, 518055"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuangfeng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen University , , ,","place":["Shenzhen, P. R. China, 518055"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0411-6356","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hao","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sichuan University , , ,","place":["Chengdu, P. R. China, 610065"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9383-5063","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yan-Fei","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen University , , ,","place":["Shenzhen, P. R. China, 518055"]},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering , ,","place":["Chengdu, P. R. China, 610065"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026100811165362200_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.est.2024.113309","article-title":"Phase-field\ninvestigation of dendrite suppression strategies for all-solid-state\nlithium metal batteries","volume":"99","author":"Cao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Energy Storage"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026100811165362200_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-024-02094-6","article-title":"Dendrite formation\nin solid-state batteries arising from lithium plating and electrolyte\nreduction","volume":"24","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Mater."},{"issue":"52","key":"2026100811165362200_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2406357","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202406357","article-title":"Interfacial\nEngineering of Polymer\nSolid-State Lithium Battery Electrolytes and Li-Metal Anode: Current\nStatus and Future Directions","volume":"20","author":"Majeed","year":"2024","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"2026100811165362200_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112897","DOI":"10.1016\/j.est.2024.112897","article-title":"A review on\nmodeling of nucleation and growth of Li dendrites in solid electrolytes","volume":"97","author":"Esmizadeh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Energy Storage"},{"issue":"32","key":"2026100811165362200_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8275","DOI":"10.1039\/D6CC00311G","article-title":"A dipole-aligned polymer electrolyte\nenabling directed\nLi+ migration for all-solid-state Li-S batteries","volume":"62","author":"Song","year":"2026","journal-title":"Chem. Commun."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026100811165362200_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202415727","article-title":"Coordination-Driven\nCrosslinking Electrolytes for Fast Lithium-Ion Conduction and Solid-State\nBattery Applications","volume":"64","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"issue":"27","key":"2026100811165362200_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2403078","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202403078","article-title":"Super-Ionic\nConductor Soft Filler Promotes Li+ Transport in Integrated\nCathode-Electrolyte for Solid-State Battery at Room Temperature","volume":"36","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. 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Funct. Mater."},{"key":"2026100811165362200_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.71151","article-title":"Ferroelectrically Modulated Composite\nPolymer Electrolyte Enabling Accelerated Ion Transport and Stable\nInterfaces for Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries","volume":"16","author":"Jia","year":"2026","journal-title":"Advanced Energy Materials"},{"issue":"48","key":"2026100811165362200_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23139","DOI":"10.1039\/D5SC04743A","article-title":"Highly entangled P(VDF-TrFE) solid-state\nelectrolytes for enhanced performance of solid-state lithium batteries","volume":"16","author":"Wu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chemical Science"},{"issue":"32","key":"2026100811165362200_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202504753","article-title":"Air Stability of\nInorganic Electrolyte for All-Solid-State\nLithium Batteries: Advances, Challenges, and Perspectives","volume":"21","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Small"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100811165362200_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eem2.70090","article-title":"Recent\nAdvances in LATP\/Polymer Composite\nElectrolytes for Solid-State Lithium Batteries","volume":"9","author":"Yang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Energy & Environmental Materials"},{"issue":"20","key":"2026100811165362200_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2415411","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202415411","article-title":"Dielectric-Tailored Space Charge\nLayer and Ion Coordination Structure for High-Voltage Polymer All-Solid-State\nLithium Batteries","volume":"37","author":"Xiao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026100811165362200_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1905517","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201905517","article-title":"Nacre-inspired composite electrolytes\nfor load-bearing solid-state lithium-metal batteries","volume":"32","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Advanced Materials"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026100811165362200_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202411658","article-title":"Engineering of Covalently Bonded Electrode\/Electrolyte\nfor Inorganic-Based Solid-State Lithium Batteries","volume":"21","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"2026100811165362200_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103986","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ensm.2024.103986","article-title":"Solid-state electrolytes\nwith vertically aligned Li+ transport\nchannels for lithium batteries: A comprehensive review","volume":"74","author":"Jiang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Energy Storage Materials"},{"key":"2026100811165362200_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103986","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ensm.2024.103986","article-title":"Solid-state electrolytes with vertically\naligned Li+ transport\nchannels for lithium batteries: A comprehensive review","volume":"74","author":"Jiang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Energy Storage Materials"},{"key":"2026100811165362200_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172088","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2025.172088","article-title":"PVDF-based composite solid-state\nelectrolytes for high-energy-density\nsolid-state batteries: Transport mechanisms and enhancement strategies","volume":"529","author":"Hou","year":"2026","journal-title":"Chemical Engineering Journal"},{"key":"2026100811165362200_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.71151","article-title":"Ferroelectrically\nModulated Composite\nPolymer Electrolyte Enabling Accelerated Ion Transport and Stable\nInterfaces for Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries","author":"Jia","year":"2026","journal-title":"Adv. Energy Mater."},{"key":"2026100811165362200_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101801","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtener.2025.101801","article-title":"Recent progress\nof thin solid-state electrolytes and applications for solid-state\nlithium pouch cells","volume":"48","author":"Guo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Materials Today Energy"},{"issue":"21","key":"2026100811165362200_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13818","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.4c02236","article-title":"Tailoring\npractical solid electrolyte composites containing ferroelectric ceramic\nnanofibers and all-trans block copolymers for all-solid-state lithium\nmetal batteries","volume":"18","author":"Ge","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"18","key":"2026100811165362200_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2405220","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202405220","article-title":"Heterojunction ferroelectric materials\nenhance ion transport and fast charging of polymer solid electrolytes\nfor lithium metal batteries","volume":"15","author":"Shan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Advanced Energy\nMaterials"},{"issue":"15","key":"2026100811165362200_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2203888","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202203888","article-title":"Conformational regulation of dielectric\npoly (vinylidene fluoride)-based solid-state electrolytes for efficient\nlithium salt dissociation and lithium-ion transportation","volume":"13","author":"Huang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Advanced Energy Materials"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026100811165362200_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202509897","article-title":"Macroscopically Ordered Piezo-Potential in All-Polymetric\nSolid Electrolytes Responding to Li Anode Volume Changes for Dendrites\nSuppression","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2026","journal-title":"Advanced Science"},{"issue":"48","key":"2026100811165362200_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23139","DOI":"10.1039\/D5SC04743A","article-title":"Highly entangled P (VDF-TrFE) solid-state electrolytes\nfor enhanced performance of solid-state lithium batteries","volume":"16","author":"Wu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chem. Sci."},{"issue":"38","key":"2026100811165362200_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2402040","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202402040","article-title":"Dual-phase elastomeric\nelectrolyte with a latitude-longitude interwoven\nstructure for high-energy solid-state lithium metal batteries","volume":"14","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Advanced Energy Materials"},{"key":"2026100811165362200_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168676","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2025.168676","article-title":"Engineering 3D hydrogen-bond networks\nfor anion-driven lithium solvation\nand robust SEI in polymer-based solid-state electrolytes","volume":"523","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chemical Engineering Journal"},{"key":"2026100811165362200_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103570","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ensm.2024.103570","article-title":"Localized high concentration\npolymer electrolyte enabling room temperature solid-state lithium\nmetal batteries with stable LiF-rich interphases","volume":"71","author":"Lu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Energy Storage Materials"},{"key":"2026100811165362200_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ensm.2022.06.037","article-title":"Insight into the integration way\nof ceramic solid-state electrolyte fillers in the composite electrolyte\nfor high performance solid-state lithium metal battery","volume":"51","author":"Ren","year":"2022","journal-title":"Energy Storage Materials"},{"issue":"18","key":"2026100811165362200_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202401428","article-title":"Solvation-tailored PVDF-based solid-state\nelectrolyte for high-voltage\nlithium metal batteries","volume":"63","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Angew Chem Int Ed"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100811165362200_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scib.2025.08.004","article-title":"Decoupling Li-ion conduction\nand solvation structure in deep eutectic electrolytes for high-voltage\nlithium-ion batteries","volume":"71","author":"Xue","year":"2026","journal-title":"Science Bulletin"},{"issue":"38","key":"2026100811165362200_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2503696","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202503696","article-title":"Hydrogen\nBonds Boost Lithium Salt Dissociation in Composite Solid-State Electrolyte:\nEnhanced Cycling Life of Lithium Metal Batteries","volume":"35","author":"Dai","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv Funct Materials"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026100811165362200_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1473","DOI":"10.1021\/acsenergylett.2c00488","article-title":"Toward high-voltage solid-state Li-metal batteries with double-layer\npolymer electrolytes","volume":"7","author":"Arrese-Igor","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Energy Lett."}],"container-title":["The Journal of Physical\nChemistry Letters"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acs.jpclett.6c02592","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/jpclcd\/article-pdf\/17\/40\/11665\/68653808\/acs.jpclett.6c02592.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/jpclcd\/article-pdf\/17\/40\/11665\/68653808\/acs.jpclett.6c02592.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T15:31:20Z","timestamp":1791473480000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/jpclcd\/article\/17\/40\/11665\/5438565\/Oriented-Piezoelectric-Poly-Vinylidene-Fluoride"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"40","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.jpclett.6c02592","relation":{},"ISSN":["1948-7185"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1948-7185","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]]}}}