{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T21:28:15Z","timestamp":1786742895061,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,15]],"date-time":"2020-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1586908800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,15]],"date-time":"2020-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1586908800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,15]],"date-time":"2020-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1586908800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006606","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18JCQNJC10600"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18JCQNJC10600"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006606","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81700849"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81700849"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Assessing metabolomic alterations in age-related macular degeneration (AMD)\u00a0can provide insights into its pathogenesis. We compared the metabolomic profiles of the aqueous humor between wet AMD patients (n = 26) and age- and sex-matched patients undergoing cataract surgery without AMD as controls (n = 20). A global untargeted metabolomics study was performed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Univariate analysis after the false discovery correction showed 18 significantly altered metabolites among the 291 metabolites measured. These differential metabolomic profiles pointed to three interconnected metabolic pathways: a compromised carnitine-associated mitochondrial oxidation pathway (carnitine, deoxycarnitine, N6-trimethyl-l-lysine), an altered carbohydrate metabolism pathway (cis-aconitic acid, itaconatic acid, and mesaconic acid), which plays a role in senescence and immunity, and an activated osmoprotection pathway (glycine betaine, creatine), which potentially contributes to the pathogenesis of the disease. These results suggested that metabolic dysfunction in AMD is mitochondrial-centered and may provide new insights into the pathophysiology of wet AMD and novel therapeutic strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jproteome.0c00036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,15]],"date-time":"2020-04-15T08:34:57Z","timestamp":1586939697000},"page":"2358-2366","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Metabolomic Profiling\nof the Aqueous Humor in Patients\nwith Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration Using UHPLC\u2013MS\/MS"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0079-3023","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Guoge","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science , , ,","place":["Tianjin, P. R. China, 300020"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pinghui","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science , , ,","place":["Tianjin, P. R. China, 300020"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meiqin","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science , , ,","place":["Tianjin, P. R. China, 300020"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"He","family":"Teng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital , , ,","place":["Tianjin, P. R. China, 300384"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanhua","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science , , ,","place":["Tianjin, P. R. 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Pathol."},{"key":"2026081416151108500_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S143508","article-title":"Recent developments\nin age-related macular degeneration:\na review","volume":"12","author":"Al-Zamil","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Interventions Aging"},{"key":"2026081416151108500_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-75402-4_2","article-title":"Mitochondria: Potential\nTargets for\nProtection in Age-Related Macular Degeneration","volume":"1074","author":"Brown","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"2026081416151108500_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2019.107701","article-title":"Age-related macular\ndegeneration (AMD) mitochondria modulate epigenetic mechanisms in\nretinal pigment epithelial cells","volume":"189","author":"Nashine","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"2026081416151108500_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2017.348","article-title":"Humanin G (HNG)\nprotects age-related\nmacular degeneration (AMD) transmitochondrial ARPE-19 cybrids from\nmitochondrial and cellular damage","volume":"8","author":"Nashine","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Death\nDis."},{"key":"2026081416151108500_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2019.101201","article-title":"Mitochondrial\noxidative stress in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) led to metabolic\ndysfunction in both the RPE and retinal photoreceptors","volume":"24","author":"Brown","year":"2019","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"key":"2026081416151108500_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2017.05.003","article-title":"Systemic and ocular\nfluid compounds as potential biomarkers in age-related macular degeneration","volume":"63","author":"Kersten","year":"2018","journal-title":"Surv. 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Anal."},{"key":"2026081416151108500_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1007\/s00592-019-01363-0","article-title":"Metabolomic profile\nof diabetic retinopathy:\na GC-TOFMS-based approach using vitreous and aqueous humor","volume":"57","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Diabetol."},{"key":"2026081416151108500_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2016.03.032","article-title":"Looking into aqueous humor through\nmetabolomics spectacles - exploring its metabolic characteristics\nin relation to myopia","volume":"127","author":"Barbas-Bernardos","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"key":"2026081416151108500_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2017.03.004","article-title":"Metabolic\ncharacterization of human aqueous humor in relation to high myopia","volume":"159","author":"Ji","year":"2017","journal-title":"Exp. 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Proteome Res."},{"key":"2026081416151108500_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1002\/iub.323","article-title":"Enzymology of the carnitine\nbiosynthesis\npathway","volume":"62","author":"Strijbis","year":"2010","journal-title":"IUBMB life"},{"key":"2026081416151108500_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2015.09.002","article-title":"Defects in retinal pigment epithelial\ncell proteolysis and the pathology associated with age-related macular\ndegeneration","volume":"51","author":"Ferrington","year":"2016","journal-title":"Prog. Retinal Eye Res."},{"key":"2026081416151108500_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4978","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.18-25137","article-title":"The Carnitine Shuttle Pathway is Altered in Patients\nWith Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration","volume":"59","author":"Mitchell","year":"2018","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. 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Pharmacol."},{"key":"2026081416151108500_cit51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0218457","article-title":"Metabolomics\nin serum of patients with non-advanced age-related macular degeneration\nreveals aberrations in the glutamine pathway","volume":"14","author":"Kersten","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026081416151108500_cit52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9032","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1807982115","article-title":"Selective permeability\nof mouse blood-aqueous barrier as determined by (15)\u00adN-heavy isotope\ntracing and mass spectrometry","volume":"115","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad.\nSci. U.S.A."},{"key":"2026081416151108500_cit53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-4835(03)00213-6","article-title":"The blood-retinal\nbarriers system. Basic concepts and clinical evaluation","volume":"78","author":"Cunha-Vaz","year":"2004","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"2026081416151108500_cit54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2012.10.004","article-title":"A contemporary\nconcept of the blood-aqueous barrier","volume":"32","author":"Freddo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Prog.\nRetinal Eye Res."},{"key":"2026081416151108500_cit55","first-page":"600","article-title":"Intraocular\ndynamics of lactic acid in the rabbit","volume":"11","author":"Riley","year":"1972","journal-title":"Invest.\nOphthalmol."},{"key":"2026081416151108500_cit56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1198\/000313001317098149","article-title":"Some Practical\nGuidelines for Effective Sample Size Determination","volume":"55","author":"Lenth","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am. 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Retinal Eye Res."}],"container-title":["Journal of Proteome Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acs.jproteome.0c00036","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/jprobs\/article-pdf\/19\/6\/2358\/13330433\/pr0c00036.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/jprobs\/article-pdf\/19\/6\/2358\/13330433\/pr0c00036.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T20:33:46Z","timestamp":1786739626000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/jprobs\/article\/19\/6\/2358\/497341\/Metabolomic-Profiling-of-the-Aqueous-Humor-in"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,15]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,5]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.jproteome.0c00036","relation":{},"ISSN":["1535-3893","1535-3907"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1535-3893","type":"print"},{"value":"1535-3907","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,15]]}}}