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Without the explicit conductive layer, we utilize a nonuniform electric field for the electrostatic actuation. The fundamental resonance mode, observed near 26 MHz, exhibits an unconventional linear resonance frequency dispersion with applied DC bias voltage. A bias-dependent frequency drift of the nanodrums over an extended period of time suggests slow charge dynamics in the hBN drum. Band-bending analysis and wavelength-dependent optical excitation reveal deep defect states in hBN that experience bias and photoassisted ionization, resulting in asymmetric charge buildup for opposing bias polarities. Our experimental findings and theoretical analysis demonstrate that electrostatically driven hBN drums serve as a sensitive platform for investigating charge dynamics and defect physics in insulating two-dimensional materials, thereby paving the way for novel nanoelectromechanical systems-based sensors and charge-controlled mechanical devices.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.6c01552","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T13:19:36Z","timestamp":1785849576000},"page":"10140-10147","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Charge-Induced\nDynamics in Hexagonal Boron Nitride\nNanoelectromechanical Resonators"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"L.D. Varma","family":"Sangani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Hyderabad , , , ,","place":["Hyderabad, India, 500046"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"family":"Chandan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tata Institute of Fundamental Research , , Homi Bhabha Road , ,","place":["Mumbai, India, 400005"]},{"name":"B.M.S. College of Engineering , , , ,","place":["Bengaluru, India, 560019"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Supriya","family":"Mandal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tata Institute of Fundamental Research , , Homi Bhabha Road , ,","place":["Mumbai, India, 400005"]},{"name":"Universite\u0301 Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP , , ,","place":["Grenoble, France, 38000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3701-8119","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kenji","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Materials Science , , 1-1 Namiki , ,","place":["Tsukuba, Japan, 305-0044"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1467-3105","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Takashi","family":"Taniguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Materials Science , , 1-1 Namiki , ,","place":["Tsukuba, Japan, 305-0044"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1401-1080","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mandar M.","family":"Deshmukh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tata Institute of Fundamental Research , , Homi Bhabha Road , ,","place":["Mumbai, India, 400005"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026081209083397200_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnanoscienceau.2c00017","article-title":"Graphene and Beyond: Recent Advances in Two-Dimensional Materials\nSynthesis, Properties, and Devices","volume":"2","author":"Lei","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Nanoscience\nAu"},{"key":"2026081209083397200_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5165","DOI":"10.1021\/acsaelm.1c00720","article-title":"A Comprehensive\nReview on Recent\nAdvances in Two-Dimensional (2D) Hexagonal Boron Nitride","volume":"3","author":"Molaei","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Applied Electronic Materials"},{"key":"2026081209083397200_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.34133\/2020\/8748602","article-title":"Nanoelectromechanical Sensors Based\non Suspended 2D Materials","volume":"2020","author":"Lemme","year":"2020","journal-title":"Research"},{"key":"2026081209083397200_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31302","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0106731","article-title":"Nanoelectromechanical systems from\ntwo-dimensional materials","volume":"10","author":"Ferrari","year":"2023","journal-title":"Applied Physics Reviews"},{"key":"2026081209083397200_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5950","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.7b01845","article-title":"High quality\nfactor graphene-based two-dimensional heterostructure mechanical resonator","volume":"17","author":"Will","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nano Lett."},{"key":"2026081209083397200_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2012.42","article-title":"A nanomechanical mass sensor with\nyoctogram resolution","volume":"7","author":"Chaste","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. 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