{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T15:26:40Z","timestamp":1787153200154,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"32","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786320000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786320000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786320000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["LMS25E020003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LMS25E020003"]}]},{"name":"Wenzhou University Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program Projects","award":["3162025003048"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3162025003048"]}]},{"name":"Wenzhou University Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program Projects","award":["3162025003057"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3162025003057"]}]},{"name":"Wenzhou University Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program Projects","award":["3162025004069"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3162025004069"]}]},{"name":"CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research","award":["YSBR-113"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YSBR-113"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["52331009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52331009"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["62264007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62264007"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["62304157"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62304157"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Basic Scientific Research Projects of Wenzhou City","award":["G20240037"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["G20240037"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Two-dimensional (2D) CdZnTe has been highly anticipated in high-performance photodetectors because of its excellent optoelectronic properties and the quantum confinement effect in 2D scale. However, due to the intrinsically nonlayered structure, the current obtained 2D CdZnTe structures are only applicable to amorphous or polycrystalline films with degraded properties, seriously limiting the exploration of its inherent characteristics and further application in optoelectronics. Here, we report, for the first time, the controllable growth of ultrathin 2D CdZnTe flakes (down to 3.2 nm) via space-confined chemical vapor deposition and demonstrate that the CdZnTe flakes are highly crystalline and possess high stability. The single-crystalline 2D CdZnTe flakes-based photodetectors exhibit outstanding broadband response varying from visible to near-infrared region, high responsivity of 80.6 A W\u20131 and specific detectivity of 1.86 \u00d7 1010 Jones under 405 nm illumination. Our study will open new territory for 2D ternary nonlayered materials in optoelectronic applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.6c02865","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T10:02:01Z","timestamp":1786356121000},"page":"10891-10899","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Space-Confined\nGrowth of 2D Ultrathin Ternary CdZnTe\nFlakes toward High-Performance Photodetectors"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Yuan","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peixin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,","place":["Hangzhou, P. R. 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China, 200083"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5305-5134","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wenzhou University , , ,","place":["Wenzhou, P. R. China, 325000"]},{"name":"Wenzhou University , , ,","place":["Wenzhou, P. R. China, 325000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiantian","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , , , ,","place":["Shanghai, P. R. China, 200083"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mei","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wenzhou University , , ,","place":["Wenzhou, P. R. China, 325000"]},{"name":"Wenzhou University , , ,","place":["Wenzhou, P. R. China, 325000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lijie","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wenzhou University , , ,","place":["Wenzhou, P. R. China, 325000"]},{"name":"Wenzhou University , , ,","place":["Wenzhou, P. R. China, 325000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2026081910164840900_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1007\/s10854-015-3800-y","article-title":"X-ray DC response of a simple photoconductive\ndetector based on CdZnTe film","volume":"27","author":"Tao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Materials\nScience: Materials in Electronics"},{"issue":"18","key":"2026081910164840900_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5992","DOI":"10.1039\/c2ce25452b","article-title":"Control of the interface shape in\nvertical Bridgman grown CdZnTe crystals for X-ray detector applications","volume":"14","author":"Zappettini","year":"2012","journal-title":"CrystEngComm"},{"key":"2026081910164840900_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1016\/j.solener.2018.09.025","article-title":"Towards\nCdZnTe solar cells: An evolution\nto post-treatment annealing atmosphere","volume":"174","author":"Chander","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sol.\nEnergy"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026081910164840900_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3601","DOI":"10.1039\/D0TC05688J","article-title":"Enhanced UV detection\nperformance of a CdZnTe-based photodetector through surface polishing\ntreatments","volume":"9","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C"},{"key":"2026081910164840900_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tsf.2017.01.052","article-title":"Thermal annealing\ninduced physical properties of electron\nbeam vacuum evaporated CdZnTe thin films","volume":"625","author":"Chander","year":"2017","journal-title":"Thin\nSolid Films"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026081910164840900_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"C12045","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-0221\/12\/12\/C12045","article-title":"Characterisation of Redlen high-flux CdZnTe","volume":"12","author":"Thomas","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Instrumentation"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026081910164840900_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1950","DOI":"10.1007\/s10854-014-2634-3","article-title":"Air-stable Cd0.23Zn0.77Te nanostructure\nthin films","volume":"26","author":"El Zawawi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Materials Science: Materials\nin Electronics"},{"key":"2026081910164840900_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matlet.2016.09.093","article-title":"Enhanced structural,\nelectrical and optical properties\nof evaporated CdZnTe thin films deposited on different substrates","volume":"186","author":"Chander","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mater. Lett."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081910164840900_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3979","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-17693-5","article-title":"Universal growth of ultra-thin III-V\nsemiconductor single crystals","volume":"11","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. 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Cryst. Growth"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026081910164840900_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1002\/pssb.200304193","article-title":"Development of CdxZn1-xTe alloy thin films for tandem solar\ncell applications","volume":"241","author":"Dhere","year":"2004","journal-title":"physica status solidi"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081910164840900_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mseb.2003.10.017","article-title":"Microstructure, Raman and optical studies on Cd0.6Zn0.4Te thin films","volume":"107","author":"Prabakar","year":"2004","journal-title":"Materials\nScience and Engineering: B"},{"issue":"11\u201312","key":"2026081910164840900_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1476","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vacuum.2007.04.003","article-title":"Optical characterization\nof vacuum\nevaporated CdZnTe thin films deposited by a multilayer method","volume":"81","author":"Rusu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vacuum"},{"key":"2026081910164840900_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijleo.2017.09.062","article-title":"Effect\nof film thickness on structural\nand optical properties of Cd-Zn-Te grown on glass and ITO substrates\nusing electron beam evaporation","volume":"150","author":"Al-salami","year":"2017","journal-title":"Optik"},{"issue":"63","key":"2026081910164840900_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39940","DOI":"10.1039\/D1RA07755D","article-title":"The synthesis\nof CdZnTe semiconductor thin films for\ntandem solar cells","volume":"11","author":"Shah","year":"2021","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"2026081910164840900_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2014.03.117","article-title":"The dependence\nof Zn content on thermal treatments for Cd1-xZnxTe thin films deposited by close-spaced sublimation","volume":"305","author":"Xu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Appl. Surf. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026081910164840900_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1007\/s00339-012-6907-5","article-title":"Study of Te\naggregation at the initial growth stage of CdZnTe films deposited\nby CSS","volume":"108","author":"Gao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. A: Mater. Sci. Process."},{"issue":"17","key":"2026081910164840900_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4639","DOI":"10.1039\/C9CS00348G","article-title":"Synergistic\nadditive-mediated CVD growth and chemical modification of 2D materials","volume":"48","author":"Jiang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. 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Mater."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026081910164840900_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1790","DOI":"10.1039\/c1ce06412f","article-title":"One-step fast\ndeposition of thick epitaxial CdZnTe film on (001)GaAs by close-spaced\nsublimation","volume":"14","author":"Gao","year":"2012","journal-title":"CrystEngComm"},{"key":"2026081910164840900_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrysgro.2012.11.047","article-title":"Growth\nof CdZnTe crystals by the\ntraveling heater method","volume":"379","author":"Roy","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Cryst. Growth"},{"key":"2026081910164840900_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2834","DOI":"10.1143\/JJAP.41.2834","article-title":"Effect of\nZnTe and CdZnTe alloys\nat the back contact of 1-\u03bcm-thick CdTe thin film solar cells","volume":"41","author":"Amin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Jpn. J. Appl. Phys."},{"issue":"25","key":"2026081910164840900_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2001979","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202001979","article-title":"Honeycomb RhI3 Flakes with High Environmental Stability for Optoelectronics","volume":"32","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"29","key":"2026081910164840900_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2101505","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202101505","article-title":"2D NbOI2: A chiral semiconductor with highly in-plane anisotropic\nelectrical and optical properties","volume":"33","author":"Fang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"22","key":"2026081910164840900_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2202177","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202202177","article-title":"Spin ordering induced broadband photodetection\nbased on two-dimensional\nmagnetic semiconductor \u03b1-MnSe","volume":"9","author":"Zhou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Advanced\nScience"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026081910164840900_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6297","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.9b00276","article-title":"Nonlayered two-dimensional defective semiconductor\n\u03b3-Ga2S3 toward broadband photodetection","volume":"13","author":"Zhou","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026081910164840900_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4563","DOI":"10.1007\/s11664-020-08027-8","article-title":"Improvement of Surface\nDefects in CdZnTe Crystals by Rapid Thermal Annealing","volume":"49","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Electron. Mater."},{"issue":"22","key":"2026081910164840900_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1800879","DOI":"10.1002\/adom.201800879","article-title":"Space-confined\nsynthesis of 2D all-inorganic CsPbI3 perovskite nanosheets\nfor multiphoton-pumped lasing","volume":"6","author":"Zheng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Opt. Mater."},{"issue":"35","key":"2026081910164840900_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1703122","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201703122","article-title":"Ultrathin Single-Crystalline\nCdTe Nanosheets Realized via Van der\nWaals Epitaxy","volume":"29","author":"Cheng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026081910164840900_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2101146","DOI":"10.1002\/aelm.202101146","article-title":"2D Ultrathin\np-type ZnTe with high environmental stability","volume":"8","author":"You","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Electron. Mater."},{"issue":"33","key":"2026081910164840900_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2419319","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202419319","article-title":"Unveiling controlled growth of single-crystalline layered Sb2Te3 via Van Der Waals epitaxy for visible-light\nphotodetectors and optoelectronic synapses","volume":"35","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081910164840900_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12436","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-48621-3","article-title":"High-performance visible light photodetectors\nbased on inorganic CZT and InCZT single crystals","volume":"9","author":"Shkir","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"2026081910164840900_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surfcoat.2018.12.005","article-title":"Interface regulation\nand photoelectric performance of CdZnTe\/AlN composite structure for\nUV photodetector","volume":"358","author":"Shen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Surf. Coatings Technol."}],"container-title":["Nano Letters"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acs.nanolett.6c02865","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/nalefd\/article-pdf\/26\/32\/10891\/66469830\/acs.nanolett.6c02865.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/nalefd\/article-pdf\/26\/32\/10891\/66469830\/acs.nanolett.6c02865.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T14:47:14Z","timestamp":1787150834000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/nalefd\/article\/26\/32\/10891\/5251014\/Space-Confined-Growth-of-2D-Ultrathin-Ternary"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"32","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.nanolett.6c02865","relation":{},"ISSN":["1530-6984","1530-6992"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1530-6984","type":"print"},{"value":"1530-6992","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]]}}}