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However, because of the laborious preparation procedure, this technique was only limited to research purposes. In this work, through using poly\u00ad(glycidyl methacrylate) (PGMA) as the anchor layer, poly\u00ad(2-propyl-2-oxazoline)\u00ads (PPOx) were grafted onto glass wafers through a facile two-step coating and annealing procedure for nonenzymatic cell harvesting. In the first step, the piranha solution-activated glass wafers were immersed into the chloroform solution of PGMA and then annealed for a given period of time to immobilize PGMA onto the glass wafers through the bonding between epoxy groups and hydroxyl groups. In the second step, the PGMA-coated glass wafers were further immersed into the chloroform solution of carboxyl-functionalized PPOx. After annealing, PPOx were immobilized onto the PGMA layer through the bonding between carboxyl groups and the residual epoxy groups. Atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and ellipsometry were used to characterize the modified glass wafers. The results of cytocompatibility evaluation showed that the PPOx-coated glass wafers were almost nontoxic and were able to support the adhesion and proliferation of L929 cells well. By lowering the temperature to 8 \u00b0C, L929 and Vero cells were successfully detached from the PPOx-coated glass wafers without any enzymatic treatment. Further cultivation has demonstrated that the cooling procedure had little effect on cell viability, and the cells still retained good viability after harvesting.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsabm.0c00650","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,14]],"date-time":"2020-07-14T11:28:09Z","timestamp":1594726089000},"page":"5428-5437","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Thermoresponsive Poly(2-propyl-2-oxazoline) Surfaces\nof Glass for Nonenzymatic Cell Harvesting"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Faming","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Southeast University , , , ,","place":["Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China, 210096"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pengfei","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southeast University , , , ,","place":["Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China, 210096"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2939-2963","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Katrien V.","family":"Bernaerts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maastricht University , , ,","place":["Geleen, The Netherlands, 6167 RD"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yifu","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southeast University , , , ,","place":["Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China, 210096"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9791-3903","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Wanjun","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southeast University , , , ,","place":["Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China, 210096"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naizhen","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southeast University , , , ,","place":["Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China, 210096"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4439-4334","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tianzhu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southeast University , , , ,","place":["Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China, 210096"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026081418203034200_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpolymj.2015.04.013","article-title":"Thermo-responsive\nmicrocarriers based on poly\u00ad(N-isopropylacrylamide)","volume":"67","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. 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Soc."},{"key":"2026081418203034200_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11823","DOI":"10.1021\/la502916j","article-title":"High-strength photoresponsive\nhydrogels enable surface-mediated gene delivery and light-induced\nreversible cell adhesion\/detachment","volume":"30","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"key":"2026081418203034200_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2017.09.014","article-title":"Tissue-engineered magnetic cell sheet\npatches for advanced strategies in tendon regeneration","volume":"63","author":"Gonc\u0327alves","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"2026081418203034200_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.3390\/nano7100322","article-title":"Porcine Dental\nEpithelial Cells Differentiated in a\nCell Sheet Constructed by Magnetic Nanotechnology","volume":"7","author":"Koto","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nanomaterials"},{"key":"2026081418203034200_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119664","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2019.119664","article-title":"Multi-layer pre-vascularized\nmagnetic cell sheets for bone regeneration","volume":"231","author":"Silva","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"2026081418203034200_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2110","DOI":"10.1080\/09205063.2013.827104","article-title":"Thermosensitive\nPHEMA microcarriers: ATRP synthesis, characterization, and usabilities\nin cell cultures","volume":"24","author":"Gu\u0308mu\u0308s\u0327dereliog\u0306lu","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. 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Sci."},{"key":"2026081418203034200_cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19376","DOI":"10.1039\/c2jm31748f","article-title":"Cell and\ncell sheet recovery from pNIPAm coatings; motivation and history to\npresent day approaches","volume":"22","author":"Nash","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem."},{"key":"2026081418203034200_cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1039\/c9tb02052g","article-title":"Thermoresponsive\npolymers and their biomedical application in tissue engineering -\na review","volume":"8","author":"Doberenz","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. 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