{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T20:00:52Z","timestamp":1790107252946,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787616000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787616000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787616000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) are widely used in bone repair; however, their limited mechanical strength restricts application in load\u2011bearing environments. While graphene\u2011based nanomaterials have been investigated as reinforcing agents, concerns related to their biodegradability and long\u2011term cytotoxicity remain unresolved. Here, we report for the first time a borophene\u2011functionalized monetite scaffold incorporating biodegradable two\u2011dimensional boron nanosheets to simultaneously enhance mechanical integrity and osteoinductive performance. Borophene nanosheets were synthesized via a scale-up exfoliation approach and integrated into monetite scaffolds, resulting in a 40% increase in diametral compressive strength compared to pristine monetite. In vitro evaluation using MC3T3\u2011E1 preosteoblasts demonstrated excellent cytocompatibility, with significantly enhanced cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. Osteoinductive activity was confirmed by elevated alkaline phosphatase activity and pronounced upregulation of osteogenic markers, including Sparc (2.31\u2011fold, day 7), Runx2 (1.80\u2011fold, day 14), and Bglap (4.42\u2011fold, day 21). The results of this study identify borophene as a biocompatible and degradable alternative to graphene and MXene-based nanofillers and highlight its potential as a multifunctional reinforcement strategy for CPC scaffolds aimed at mechanically robust and biologically active bone regeneration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsabm.6c00626","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T23:43:17Z","timestamp":1788219797000},"page":"8044-8054","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Scalable Borophene Nanosheet Coatings Strengthen Monetite Scaffolds and Drive Osteogenic Differentiation"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Justin","family":"Matta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"McGill University, Montreal General Hospital , , 1650 Cedar Avenue , , ,","place":["Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada, H3G 1A4"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Monk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McGill University, Montreal General Hospital , , 1650 Cedar Avenue , , ,","place":["Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada, H3G 1A4"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Vieira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McGill University, Montreal General Hospital , , 1650 Cedar Avenue , , ,","place":["Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada, H3G 1A4"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Zakaria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McGill University, Montreal General Hospital , , 1650 Cedar Avenue , , ,","place":["Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada, H3G 1A4"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graziele","family":"Cruzado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Polytechnique Montreal , , 2500, chemin de Polytechnique , , ,","place":["Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada, H3T 1J4"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jake","family":"Barralet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McGill University, Montreal General Hospital , , 1650 Cedar Avenue, Room A10-110 , , ,","place":["Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada, H3G 1A4"]},{"name":"McGill University , , 2001 McGill College Ave , , ,","place":["Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3A 1G1"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward","family":"Harvey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McGill University, Montreal General Hospital , , 1650 Cedar Avenue, Room A10-110 , , ,","place":["Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada, H3G 1A4"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8044-985X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Geraldine","family":"Merle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Polytechnique Montreal , , 2500, chemin de Polytechnique , , ,","place":["Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada, H3T 1J4"]},{"name":"McGill University, Montreal General Hospital , , 1650 Cedar Avenue, Room A10-110 , , ,","place":["Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada, H3G 1A4"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S20","DOI":"10.1097\/bot.0000000000000978","article-title":"Size Matters: Defining Critical in Bone Defect Size!","volume":"31","author":"Schemitsch","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Trauma"},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.4161\/org.23306","article-title":"Bone Grafts, Bone Substitutes and Orthobiologics: The Bridge between Basic Science and Clinical Advancements in Fracture Healing","volume":"8","author":"Roberts","year":"2012","journal-title":"Organogenesis"},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1002\/jab.770020307","article-title":"Bone Graft and Bone Graft Substitutes: A Review of Current Technology and Applications","volume":"2","author":"Damien","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Appl. Biomater."},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3085","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2013.04.002","article-title":"A Detailed History of Calcium Orthophosphates from 1770s till 1950","volume":"33","author":"Dorozhkin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng., C"},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7913","DOI":"10.3390\/ma8115430","article-title":"Mechanisms of in Vivo Degradation and Resorption of Calcium Phosphate Based Biomaterials","volume":"8","author":"Sheikh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Materials"},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2009.07.049","article-title":"Craniofacial Vertical Bone Augmentation: A Comparison between 3D Printed Monolithic Monetite Blocks and Autologous Onlay Grafts in the Rabbit","volume":"30","author":"Tamimi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19113308","article-title":"Additive Manufacturing for Guided Bone Regeneration: A Perspective for Alveolar Ridge Augmentation","volume":"19","author":"Rider","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5461","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201301121","article-title":"Toward Strong and Tough Glass and Ceramic Scaffolds for Bone Repair","volume":"23","author":"Fu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3867","DOI":"10.3390\/ma3073867","article-title":"Bioactive Glass and Glass-Ceramic Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering","volume":"3","author":"Gerhardt","year":"2010","journal-title":"Materials"},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9040","DOI":"10.1039\/d2tb01489k","article-title":"When 2D Nanomaterials Meet Biomolecules: Design Strategies and Hybrid Nanostructures for Bone Tissue Engineering","volume":"10","author":"Jin","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. B"},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep18833","article-title":"Enhanced Osteogenesis by Reduced Graphene Oxide\/Hydroxyapatite Nanocomposites","volume":"5","author":"Lee","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1515\/bmc-2020-0017","article-title":"Graphene Oxide: A Promising Material for Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering","volume":"11","author":"Maleki","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomol. Concepts"},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1451","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.201500203","article-title":"Graphene-Based Materials in Regenerative Medicine","volume":"4","author":"Ding","year":"2015","journal-title":"Adv. Healthc. Mater."},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-024-05142-8","article-title":"Potential Role of Calcium Sulfate\/\u03b2-Tricalcium Phosphate\/Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite for Bone Graft Application: Mechanical and Biological Analyses","volume":"19","author":"Lu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Surg. Res."},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ma10060606","article-title":"Graphene Nanosheets to Improve Physico-Mechanical Properties of Bioactive Calcium Silicate Cements","volume":"10","author":"Dubey","year":"2017","journal-title":"Materials"},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2019.11.094","article-title":"Tailoring the Interaction between Graphene Oxide and Antibacterial Pyridinium Salts by Terminal Functional Groups","volume":"160","author":"Fujii","year":"2020","journal-title":"Carbon"},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.job.2023.02.002","article-title":"Water-Resistant Antibacterial Properties of a Graphene Oxide\/Cetylpyridinium Chloride Complex Formed on Medical Gauze Fibers","volume":"65","author":"Kanemoto","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Oral Biosci."},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18081725","article-title":"The Effect of Reduced Graphene Oxide-Coated Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Bone Graft Material on Osteogenesis","volume":"18","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12989-016-0168-y","article-title":"Toxicity of Graphene-Family Nanoparticles: A General Review of the Origins and Mechanisms","volume":"13","author":"Ou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Part. Fibre Toxicol."},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41699-019-0089-3","article-title":"Oxidation Stability of Ti3C2Tx MXene Nanosheets in Solvents and Composite Films","volume":"3","author":"Habib","year":"2019","journal-title":"npj 2D Mater. Appl."},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40820-023-01069-7","article-title":"Progression in the Oxidation Stability of MXenes","volume":"15","author":"Soomro","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nano Micro Lett."},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.01.035","article-title":"MXenes as Emerging Materials to Repair Electroactive Tissues and Organs","volume":"48","author":"Alagarsamy","year":"2025","journal-title":"Bioact. Mater."},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.09.038","article-title":"Biocompatibility and Immunomodulation of MXenes for Targeted Delivery of Bioactive Agents and Drugs","volume":"55","author":"Ramezani Farani","year":"2026","journal-title":"Bioact. Mater."},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202102039","article-title":"Borophene via Micromechanical Exfoliation","volume":"33","author":"Chahal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1513","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aad1080","article-title":"Synthesis of Borophenes: Anisotropic, Two-Dimensional Boron Polymorphs","volume":"350","author":"Mannix","year":"2015","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202001801","article-title":"The Emergence and Evolution of Borophene","volume":"8","author":"Ou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12166","DOI":"10.1039\/d2ra00677d","article-title":"Exploring the Emerging Applications of the Advanced 2-Dimensional Material Borophene with Its Unique Properties","volume":"12","author":"Bhavyashree","year":"2022","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1703","DOI":"10.1021\/acsabm.5c02220","article-title":"Introducing Hematene as a 2D Nano-Reinforcement for Monetite Scaffolds in Bone Regeneration","volume":"9","author":"Monk","year":"2026","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Bio Mater."},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anbr.202500045","article-title":"Comparative Antimicrobial Properties of Sodium Borate and Carbonate and Their Perborate and Percarbonate Counterparts","volume":"5","author":"Watt","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. NanoBiomed Res."},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit30","first-page":"35","article-title":"Nothing Boring about Boron","volume":"14","author":"Pizzorno","year":"2015","journal-title":"Integr. Med."},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1080\/10408690390826491","article-title":"The Physiological Effects of Dietary Boron","volume":"43","author":"Devirian","year":"2003","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2008.01.011","article-title":"A Histomorphometric Study of Alveolar Bone Modelling and Remodelling in Mice Fed a Boron-Deficient Diet","volume":"53","author":"Gorustovich","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch. Oral Biol."},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e165","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000001974","article-title":"Local Delivery of Therapeutic Boron for Bone Healing Enhancement","volume":"35","author":"Hadidi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Trauma"},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115491","article-title":"Wnt Modulation in Bone Healing","volume":"138","author":"Schupbach","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.01.021","article-title":"A New Hope for Obesity Management: Boron Inhibits Adipogenesis in Progenitor Cells through the Wnt\/\u03b2-Catenin Pathway","volume":"69","author":"Do\u011fan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11467-019-0884-5","article-title":"Review of Borophene and Its Potential Applications","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Phys."},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1146","DOI":"10.1039\/d1tb02277f","article-title":"Borophene as an Emerging 2D Flatland for Biomedical Applications: Current Challenges and Future Prospects","volume":"10","author":"Yadav","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. B"},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/bios13070740","article-title":"Exploring the Potential Applications of Engineered Borophene in Nanobiosensing and Theranostics","volume":"13","author":"Srivastava","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biosensors"},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201900353","article-title":"Freestanding Borophene and Its Hybrids","volume":"31","author":"Ranjan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2017.02.017","article-title":"On the Mechanical Characteristics of a Self-Setting Calcium Phosphate Cement","volume":"68","author":"Bimis","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater."},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3629","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1025681432260","article-title":"Analysis of the Diametrical Compression Test and the Applicability to Plastically Deforming Materials","volume":"38","author":"Procopio","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci."},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-4636(2000)53:6&lt;769::aid-jbm19&gt;3.0.co;2-p","article-title":"Mechanical Characterization of Brushite Cements: A Mohr Circles\u2019 Approach","volume":"53","author":"Pittet","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater. Res."},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-26455-2","volume-title":"Theory of Elasticity","author":"Lurie","year":"2005"},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1038\/nchem.2491","article-title":"Experimental Realization of Two-Dimensional Boron Sheets","volume":"8","author":"Feng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Chem."},{"issue":"18","key":"2026092215065291100_cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms221810176","article-title":"Novel Silver-Functionalized Poly(\u03b5-Caprolactone)\/Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Scaffolds Designed to Counteract Post-Surgical Infections in Orthopedic Applications","volume":"22","author":"Comini","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cobme.2020.100260","article-title":"Biomaterial-Directed Cell Behavior for Tissue Engineering","volume":"17","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23147731","article-title":"Insight and Recent Advances into the Role of Topography on the Cell Differentiation and Proliferation on Biopolymeric Surfaces","volume":"23","author":"Tudureanu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1038\/s41578-020-0204-2","article-title":"Materials Design for Bone-Tissue Engineering","volume":"5","author":"Koons","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mater."},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3780","DOI":"10.1039\/b705129h","article-title":"Role of Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticle Size in Bone Cell Proliferation","volume":"17","author":"Cai","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem."},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2008.07.023","article-title":"Size Effect of Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles on Proliferation and Apoptosis of Osteoblast-Like Cells","volume":"5","author":"Shi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1002\/term.2395","article-title":"Angiogenic and Osteogenic Regeneration in Rats via Calcium Phosphate Scaffold and Endothelial Cell Coculture with hBMSCs, hUCMSCs, hiPSC-MSCs and hESC-MSCs","volume":"12","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Tissue Eng. Regen. Med."},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2022.02.011","article-title":"Synergistic Osteogenic and Angiogenic Effects of KP and QK Peptides Incorporated with an Injectable and Self-Healing Hydrogel for Efficient Bone Regeneration","volume":"18","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bioact. Mater."},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/polym13183075","article-title":"A Review on the Enhancement of Calcium Phosphate Cement with Biological Materials in Bone Defect Healing","volume":"13","author":"Wong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3785","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S196666","article-title":"Preparation of Brushite Cements with Improved Properties by Adding Graphene Oxide","volume":"14","author":"Nasrollahi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomedicine"},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/S1350-4533(98)00007-1","article-title":"Mechanical Properties and the Hierarchical Structure of Bone","volume":"20","author":"Rho","year":"1998","journal-title":"Med. Eng. Phys."},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bioeng.3.1.307","article-title":"Biomechanics of Trabecular Bone","volume":"3","author":"Keaveny","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsamd.2020.01.007","article-title":"Porous Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration","volume":"5","author":"Abbasi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Sci. Adv. Mater. Devices"},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.1074","article-title":"Effect of Porosity Reduction by Compaction on Compressive Strength and Microstructure of Calcium Phosphate Cement","volume":"63","author":"Barralet","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater. Res."},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.144855","article-title":"Alkaline Phosphatase: Structure, Expression and Its Function in Bone Mineralization","volume":"754","author":"Vimalraj","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20071694","article-title":"Regulation of Proliferation, Differentiation and Functions of Osteoblasts by Runx2","volume":"20","author":"Komori","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2019.105627","article-title":"Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine and Bioenergetics: Extracellular Matrix, Adipocytes Remodeling and Skeletal Muscle Metabolism","volume":"117","author":"Ghanemi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol."},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matbio.2016.02.001","article-title":"SPARC\/Osteonectin in Mineralized Tissue","volume":"52\u201354","author":"Rosset","year":"2016","journal-title":"Matrix Biol."},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.13470","article-title":"Osteocalcin and Osteopontin Influence Bone Morphology and Mechanical Properties","volume":"1409","author":"Bailey","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2010.03.003","article-title":"Boron Regulates Mineralized Tissue-Associated Proteins in Osteoblasts (MC3T3-E1)","volume":"24","author":"Hakki","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Trace Elem. Med. Biol."},{"key":"2026092215065291100_cit65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7068","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2011.06.009","article-title":"Proliferation, Differentiation and Gene Expression of Osteoblasts in Boron-Containing Associated with Dexamethasone Deliver from Mesoporous Bioactive Glass Scaffolds","volume":"32","author":"Wu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biomaterials"}],"container-title":["ACS Applied Bio Materials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acsabm.6c00626","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/aabmcb\/article-pdf\/9\/17\/8044\/67407268\/mt-2026-00626m.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/aabmcb\/article-pdf\/9\/17\/8044\/67407268\/mt-2026-00626m.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T19:09:32Z","timestamp":1790104172000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/aabmcb\/article\/9\/17\/8044\/5328976\/Scalable-Borophene-Nanosheet-Coatings-Strengthen"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"17","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsabm.6c00626","relation":{},"ISSN":["2576-6422"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2576-6422","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]]}}}