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Metal\u2013organic frameworks (MOFs), owing to their porous structure and tunable physicochemical properties, provide a unique platform for development of multifunctional DDSs. In this study, micro- and nanoscale UiO-66-NH2 MOFs (mMOFs and nMOFs) were developed as \u2018all-in-one\u2019 DDSs for delivery of \u03b1-emitting radionuclide radium-223 (223Ra) and chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (DOX). The developed MOFs exhibited an octahedral morphology with sizes of \u223c0.5 to 1 \u03bcm (DOX@mMOF) and \u223c200 to 300 nm (DOX@nMOF). They demonstrated a high cellular uptake with no pronounced cytotoxicity (&amp;gt;90% at 4 mg\/mL). In vivo biodistribution studies demonstrated high tumor retention of the developed DDSs. Importantly, combined 223Ra\/DOX@mMOF and 223Ra\/DOX@nMOF treatment resulted in significant tumor growth inhibition (61.2\u201372.1%). Histological and blood biochemical analyses revealed no detectable pathological changes. Overall, the developed UiO-66-NH2-based DDSs displayed enhanced antitumor efficacy and demonstrated their potential for combined chemo\u2013radionuclide therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsabm.6c01428","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T22:01:47Z","timestamp":1791410507000},"page":"9810-9821","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["\u2018All-in-One\u2019 Micro- and Nanoscale MOFs for Combined Chemo-Radionuclide Therapy of Breast Cancer"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Darya","family":"Akhmetova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Peter The Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University , ,","place":["Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 195251"]},{"name":"ITMO University , , ,","place":["Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 199034"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vladislava","family":"Rusakova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peter The Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University , ,","place":["Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 195251"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denis","family":"Matveev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peter The Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University , ,","place":["Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 195251"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darya","family":"Toloknyannikova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Saint Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University , ,","place":["Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 197022"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ye","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peter The Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University , ,","place":["Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 195251"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolay","family":"Verlov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre \"Kurchatov Institute\" , ,","place":["Gatchina, Russian Federation, 188300"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vladimir","family":"Burdakov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre \"Kurchatov Institute\" , ,","place":["Gatchina, Russian Federation, 188300"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrey","family":"Konevega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre \"Kurchatov Institute\" , ,","place":["Gatchina, Russian Federation, 188300"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrey","family":"Vasin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peter The Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University , ,","place":["Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 195251"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergei","family":"Shipilovskikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peter The Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University , ,","place":["Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 195251"]},{"name":"ITMO University , , ,","place":["Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 199034"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0276-7892","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alexander","family":"Timin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peter The Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University , ,","place":["Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 195251"]},{"name":"ITMO University , , ,","place":["Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 199034"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026101904065969900_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.breast.2024.103851","article-title":"Inequality in Breast Cancer: Global Statistics from 2022 to 2050","volume":"79","author":"Liao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Breast"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026101904065969900_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9663","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-023-08809-3","article-title":"Cancer Treatment Therapies: Traditional to Modern Approaches to Combat Cancers","volume":"50","author":"Kaur","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol. 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