{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T05:07:08Z","timestamp":1790744828177,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"38","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,20]],"date-time":"2020-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603152000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":54,"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/page\/policy\/authorchoice_termsofuse.html"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010663","name":"H2020 European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["639846"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["639846"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004412","name":"T\u00fcrkiye Bilimler Akademisi","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004412","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Neural interfaces are the fundamental tools to understand the brain and cure many nervous-system diseases. For proper interfacing, seamless integration, efficient and safe digital-to-biological signal transduction, and long operational lifetime are required. Here, we devised a wireless optoelectronic pseudocapacitor converting the optical energy to safe capacitive currents by dissociating the photogenerated excitons in the photovoltaic unit and effectively routing the holes to the supercapacitor electrode and the pseudocapacitive electrode\u2013electrolyte interfacial layer of PEDOT:PSS for reversible faradic reactions. The biointerface showed high peak capacitive currents of \u223c3 mA\u00b7cm\u20132 with total charge injection of \u223c1 \u03bcC\u00b7cm\u20132 at responsivity of 30 mA\u00b7W\u20131, generating high photovoltages over 400 mV for the main eye photoreception colors of blue, green, and red. Moreover, modification of PEDOT:PSS controls the charging\/discharging phases leading to rapid capacitive photoresponse of 50 \u03bcs and effective membrane depolarization at the single-cell level. The neural interface has a device lifetime of over 1.5 years in the aqueous environment and showed stability without significant performance decrease after sterilization steps. Our results demonstrate that adopting the pseudocapacitance phenomenon on organic photovoltaics paves an ultraefficient, safe, and robust way toward communicating with biological systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.0c11581","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,27]],"date-time":"2020-08-27T11:08:41Z","timestamp":1598526521000},"page":"42997-43008","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Organic\nPhotovoltaic Pseudocapacitors for Neurostimulation"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3543-5894","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mertcan","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Koc University , , ,","place":["Istanbul, Turkey, 34450"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shashi Bhushan","family":"Srivastava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Koc University , , ,","place":["Istanbul, Turkey, 34450"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8086-3524","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Erdost","family":"Yildiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Koc University , , ,","place":["Istanbul, Turkey, 34450"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2214-7604","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rustamzhon","family":"Melikov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Koc University , , ,","place":["Istanbul, Turkey, 34450"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saliha","family":"Surme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Koc University , , ,","place":["Istanbul, Turkey, 34450"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8569-7625","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Itir Bakis","family":"Dogru-Yuksel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Koc University , , ,","place":["Istanbul, Turkey, 34450"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6624-3505","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ibrahim Halil","family":"Kavakli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Koc University , , ,","place":["Istanbul, Turkey, 34450"]},{"name":"Koc University , , ,","place":["Istanbul, Turkey, 34450"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Afsun","family":"Sahin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Koc University , , ,","place":["Istanbul, Turkey, 34450"]},{"name":"Medical School Koc University , , ,","place":["Istanbul, Turkey, 34450"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0394-5790","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sedat","family":"Nizamoglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Koc University , , ,","place":["Istanbul, Turkey, 34450"]},{"name":"Koc University , , ,","place":["Istanbul, Turkey, 34450"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026090315535069100_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1038\/s41928-020-0390-3","article-title":"Electronic\nNeural Interfaces","volume":"3","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. 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Eng."},{"key":"2026090315535069100_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aelm.201800804","article-title":"Effect of DMSO Solvent Treatments\non the Performance of PEDOT:PSS Based Organic Electrochemical Transistors","volume":"5","author":"Lingstedt","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Electron. Mater."},{"key":"2026090315535069100_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.90287.2008","article-title":"Extracellular Stimulation\nof Mammalian Neurons Through\nRepetitive Activation of Na Channels by Weak Capacitive Currents on\na Silicon Chip","volume":"100","author":"Schoen","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"2026090315535069100_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2004.10.020","article-title":"Electrical Stimulation\nof Excitable\nTissue: Design of Efficacious and Safe Protocols","author":"Merrill","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. 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Neurosci."},{"key":"2026090315535069100_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms3133","article-title":"High Transconductance\nOrganic Electrochemical Transistors","volume":"4","author":"Khodagholy","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2026090315535069100_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5989","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.6b01762","article-title":"Conducting\nPolymers for Pseudocapacitive Energy Storage","volume":"28","author":"Bryan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chem. Mater."},{"key":"2026090315535069100_cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/S0928-0987(00)00123-8","article-title":"Establishment\nand Functional Characterization of an in Vitro Model of the Blood-Brain\nBarrier, Comprising a Co-Culture of Brain Capillary Endothelial Cells\nand Astrocytes","volume":"12","author":"Gaillard","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur J. Pharm. 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