{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T18:31:13Z","timestamp":1786991473316,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"41","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,25]],"date-time":"2020-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600992000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,25]],"date-time":"2020-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600992000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,25]],"date-time":"2020-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600992000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018M630509"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018M630509"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018M630511"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018M630511"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004608","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BK20180581"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BK20180581"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004608","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004608","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BK20180584"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BK20180584"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004608","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21804056"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21804056"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21804057"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21804057"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21934002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21934002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National First-class Discipline Program of Food Science and Technology","award":["JUFSTR20180301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JUFSTR20180301"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015601","name":"Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015601","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Photodynamic sterilization is the most promising method to combat bacterial infection, especially multidrug-resistant bacterial infection. However, the absorption of conventional photosensitizers is mostly located in the UV\u2013vis region, leading to limited penetration depth and poor therapeutic efficacy for deep-tissue bacterial infection. Besides, most of the photosensitizers are always in the activated state and lack bacteria-targeting ability, which inevitably causes severe nonspecific damage to normal tissues. Here, we show the design of a pH reversibly switchable near-infrared photosensitizer-based nanocapsule for precision bacteria-targeting fluorescence imaging-guided photodynamic sterilization. pH reversibly activatable asymmetric cyanine was synthesized as a bacteria-specific imaging unit and smart photosensitizer to realize precision imaging-guided targeting sterilization without side effects. An allicin mimic was introduced into the smart photosensitizer as the auxiliary bactericidal group to further enhance antibacterial efficiency. Meanwhile, amphipathic functionalized polyethylene glycol was employed to fabricate the nanocapsule by self-assembly to endow the charge-reversed intelligent targeting ability and prolong blood circulation. The developed switchable nanocapsule not only enables precision bacterial infection-targeted imaging without background fluorescence interference but also gives an efficient bactericidal effect with excellent specificity and negligible side effects, holding great potential for practical application.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.0c14063","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,25]],"date-time":"2020-09-25T11:03:41Z","timestamp":1601031821000},"page":"45850-45858","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["pH\nReversibly Switchable Nanocapsule for Bacteria-Targeting\nNear-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging-Guided Precision Photodynamic Sterilization"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8000-9045","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xu","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangnan University , , ,","place":["Wuxi, China, 214122"]},{"name":"Jiangnan University , , ,","place":["Wuxi, China, 214122"]},{"name":"Jiangnan University , , ,","place":["Wuxi, China, 214122"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai-Chao","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangnan University , , ,","place":["Wuxi, China, 214122"]},{"name":"Jiangnan University , , ,","place":["Wuxi, China, 214122"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8671-8766","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Li-Jian","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangnan University , , ,","place":["Wuxi, China, 214122"]},{"name":"Jiangnan University , , ,","place":["Wuxi, China, 214122"]},{"name":"Jiangnan University , , ,","place":["Wuxi, China, 214122"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Shi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangnan University , , ,","place":["Wuxi, China, 214122"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia-Lin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangnan University , , ,","place":["Wuxi, China, 214122"]},{"name":"Jiangnan University , , ,","place":["Wuxi, China, 214122"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9953-7681","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xiu-Ping","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangnan University , , ,","place":["Wuxi, China, 214122"]},{"name":"Jiangnan University , , ,","place":["Wuxi, China, 214122"]},{"name":"Jiangnan University , , ,","place":["Wuxi, China, 214122"]},{"name":"Jiangnan University , , ,","place":["Wuxi, China, 214122"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026081714143368600_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4428","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.7b00041","article-title":"Bacteria-Activated\nTheranostic Nanoprobes Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus\nAureus Infection","volume":"11","author":"Zhao","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"2026081714143368600_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36606","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.7b11062","article-title":"Strong Near-Infrared Absorbing and Biocompatible CuS\nNanoparticles for Rapid and Efficient Photothermal Ablation of Gram-Positive\nand -Negative Bacteria","volume":"9","author":"Huang","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"2026081714143368600_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2018.09.070","article-title":"Biocompatible Graphene-Based\nNanoagent\nwith NIR and Magnetism Dual-Responses for Effective Bacterial Killing\nand Removal","volume":"173","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Colloids Surf., B"},{"key":"2026081714143368600_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1021\/nl903274q","article-title":"Tunable\nAntibacterial Coatings That Support Mammalian Cell Growth","volume":"10","author":"Vasilev","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nano Lett."},{"key":"2026081714143368600_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4975","DOI":"10.1021\/nn501040h","article-title":"Core-Shell Supramolecular\nGelatin Nanoparticles for Adaptive and\n\u201cOn-Demand\u201d Antibiotic Delivery","volume":"8","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"2026081714143368600_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1909042","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201909042","article-title":"pH Switchable Nanoplatform\nfor In Vivo Persistent Luminescence Imaging and Precise Photothermal\nTherapy of Bacterial Infection","volume":"30","author":"Yan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Funct.\nMater."},{"key":"2026081714143368600_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3609","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201600327","article-title":"A Perspective\non\nthe Trends and Challenges Facing Porphyrin-Based Anti-Microbial Materials","volume":"12","author":"Jiang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"2026081714143368600_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1515\/nanoph-2016-0189","article-title":"Advances\nin Antimicrobial Photodynamic\nInactivation at the Nanoscale","volume":"6","author":"Kashef","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nanophotonics"},{"key":"2026081714143368600_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wnan.1560","article-title":"Recent advances in\nPhotodynamic Therapy for Cancer and Infectious Diseases","volume":"11","author":"Shi","year":"2019","journal-title":"WIREs Nanomed. Nanobiotechnol."},{"key":"2026081714143368600_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1039\/b311900a","article-title":"Photodynamic Therapy: A New Antimicrobial Approach to Infectious\nDisease?","volume":"3","author":"Hamblin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Photochem. Photobiol. Sci."},{"key":"2026081714143368600_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9885","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201806551","article-title":"Phthalocyanine-Assembled Nanodots\nas Photosensitizers for Highly Efficient Type I Photoreactions in\nPhotodynamic Therapy","volume":"57","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"2026081714143368600_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3796","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.8b01010","article-title":"Synthesis of Self-Assembled Porphyrin\nNanoparticle Photosensitizers","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"2026081714143368600_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3912","DOI":"10.1039\/c6nr07188k","article-title":"Dual Antibacterial Activities of\na Chitosan-Modified Upconversion\nPhotodynamic Therapy System Against Drug-Resistant Bacteria in Deep\nTissue","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"key":"2026081714143368600_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15485","DOI":"10.1039\/c8nr01967c","article-title":"Near-Infrared-Triggered\nAntibacterial and Antifungal Photodynamic Therapy Based on Lanthanide-Doped\nUpconversion Nanoparticles","volume":"10","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"key":"2026081714143368600_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2012.3430","article-title":"Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy\nof Resistant Bacterial Strains by Indocyanine Green and 809-nm Diode\nLaser","volume":"31","author":"Topaloglu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Photomed. Laser Surg."},{"key":"2026081714143368600_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"028003","DOI":"10.1117\/1.jbo.20.2.028003","article-title":"Antibacterial\nPhotodynamic Therapy with 808-nm Laser and Indocyanine Green on Abrasion\nWound Models","volume":"20","author":"Topaloglu","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Opt."},{"key":"2026081714143368600_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2826","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201600159","article-title":"Mitochondria-Targeted\nSmall-Molecule Fluorophores for Dual Modal Cancer Phototherapy","volume":"26","author":"Luo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"2026081714143368600_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2018.03.020","article-title":"IR780 Based\nNanomaterials for Cancer Imaging and Photothermal, Photodynamic and\nCombinatorial Therapies","volume":"542","author":"Alves","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"2026081714143368600_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2017.01.002","article-title":"IR780-Loaded Tpgs-Tos Micelles for\nBreast Cancer Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"113","author":"Pais-Silva","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J.\nPharm. Biopharm."},{"key":"2026081714143368600_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1700455","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.201700455","article-title":"Nanomicelle-Assisted\nTargeted Ocular Delivery with Enhanced Antiinflammatory Efficacy In\nVivo","volume":"5","author":"Weng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"2026081714143368600_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2015.01.069","article-title":"Self-Assembled\nPEG-IR-780-C13 Micelle as a Targeting, Safe and Highly-Effective Photothermal\nAgent for In Vivo Imaging and Cancer Therapy","volume":"51","author":"Yuan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"2026081714143368600_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1700837","DOI":"10.1002\/pssa.201700837","article-title":"Hypericin Loaded Liposomes for Anti-Microbial\nPhotodynamic Therapy of Gram-Positive Bacteria","volume":"215","author":"Plenagl","year":"2018","journal-title":"Phys. Status Solidi A"},{"key":"2026081714143368600_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2017.10.005","article-title":"Low Level LED Photodynamic\nTherapy using Curcumin Loaded\nTetraether Liposomes","volume":"126","author":"Duse","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm."},{"key":"2026081714143368600_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6730","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201302952","article-title":"Synergistic\nCo-Delivery of Membrane-Disrupting Polymers with Commercial Antibiotics\nAgainst Highly Opportunistic Bacteria","volume":"25","author":"Ng","year":"2013","journal-title":"Adv.\nMater."},{"key":"2026081714143368600_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1038\/nchem.1012","article-title":"Biodegradable Nanostructures with\nSelective Lysis of Microbial Membranes","volume":"3","author":"Nederberg","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat.\nChem."},{"key":"2026081714143368600_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4779","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.6b01370","article-title":"Surface-Adaptive,\nAntimicrobially\nLoaded, Micellar Nanocarriers with Enhanced Penetration and Killing\nEfficiency in Staphylococcal Biofilms","volume":"10","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"2026081714143368600_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2202","DOI":"10.1039\/c6py00177g","article-title":"Dual pH-Responsive\nMicelles with Both Charge-Conversional Property and Hydrophobic\u2013Hydrophilic\nTransition for Effective Cellular Uptake and Intracellular Drug Release","volume":"7","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Polym. Chem."},{"key":"2026081714143368600_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6265","DOI":"10.1039\/c6cc01269h","article-title":"A Charge-Adaptive Nanosystem\nfor Prolonged and Enhanced In Vivo Antibiotic Delivery","volume":"52","author":"Chu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chem. Commun."},{"key":"2026081714143368600_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1039\/c6tb02804g","article-title":"Magnetite\nNanocluster and Paclitaxel-Loaded Charge-Switchable Nanohybrids for\nMR Imaging and Chemotherapy","volume":"5","author":"Wu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem.\nB"},{"key":"2026081714143368600_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4279","DOI":"10.1021\/nn3008383","article-title":"Surface\nCharge-Switching Polymeric Nanoparticles for\nBacterial Cell Wall-Targeted Delivery of Antibiotics","volume":"6","author":"Radovic-Moreno","year":"2012","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"2026081714143368600_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4410","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.6b00043","article-title":"Charge-Convertible\nCarbon Dots for Imaging-Guided Drug Delivery with Enhanced In Vivo\nCancer Therapeutic Efficiency","volume":"10","author":"Feng","year":"2016","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"2026081714143368600_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2019.03.019","article-title":"Hierarchical Tumor\nAcidity-Responsive\nSelf-Assembled Magnetic Nanotheranostics for Bimodal Bioimaging and\nPhotodynamic Therapy","volume":"301","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Controlled Release"},{"key":"2026081714143368600_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2017.10.018","article-title":"Allicin-Inspired Pyridyl Disulfides\nas Antimicrobial\nAgents for Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus","volume":"143","author":"Sheppard","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"2026081714143368600_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4791","DOI":"10.1039\/c4nj00266k","article-title":"Glucosamine Modified\nNear-Infrared Cyanine as a Sensitive Colorimetric Fluorescent Chemosensor\nfor Aspartic and Glutamic Acid and Its Applications","volume":"38","author":"Zhao","year":"2014","journal-title":"New J. Chem."},{"key":"2026081714143368600_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5470","DOI":"10.1039\/c6cc01864e","article-title":"Synthesis of Covalently\nBonded Boron-Dipyrromethene-Diarylethene for Building a Stable Photosensitizer\nwith Photo-Controlled Reversibility","volume":"52","author":"Hu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chem. Commun."},{"key":"2026081714143368600_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2427","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.8b09336","article-title":"Bacteria-Responsive\nNanoliposomes as Smart Sonotheranostics for Multidrug Resistant Bacterial\nInfections","volume":"13","author":"Pang","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Nano"}],"container-title":["ACS Applied Materials &amp; Interfaces"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acsami.0c14063","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/aamick\/article-pdf\/12\/41\/45850\/9302443\/am0c14063.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/aamick\/article-pdf\/12\/41\/45850\/9302443\/am0c14063.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T18:15:09Z","timestamp":1786990509000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/aamick\/article\/12\/41\/45850\/870065\/pH-Reversibly-Switchable-Nanocapsule-for-Bacteria"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,25]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"41","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,25]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,14]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsami.0c14063","relation":{},"ISSN":["1944-8244","1944-8252"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1944-8244","type":"print"},{"value":"1944-8252","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,25]]}}}