{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T02:29:32Z","timestamp":1792549772476,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,22]],"date-time":"2021-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611273600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":15,"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/page\/policy\/authorchoice_ccby_termsofuse.html"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010016","name":"Nottingham Trent University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["QR fund"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["QR fund"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010016","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010665","name":"H2020 Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Marie-Curie Individual Fellowship LIGHTOPLEX-74724"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Marie-Curie Individual Fellowship LIGHTOPLEX-74724"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/na","name":"NTU bursary","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PhD program funding"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PhD program funding"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/na","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The polymer layer-by-layer assembly is accounted among the most attractive approaches for the design of advanced drug delivery platforms and biomimetic materials in 2D and 3D. The multilayer capsules can be made of synthetic or biologically relevant (e.g., natural) polymers. The biopolymers are advantageous for bioapplications; however, the design of such \u201cbiocapsules\u201d is more challengeable due to intrinsic complexity and lability of biopolymers. Until now, there are no systematic studies that report the formation mechanism for multilayer biocapsules templated upon CaCO3 crystals. This work evaluates the structure\u2013property relationship for 16 types of capsules made of different biopolymers and proposes the capsule formation mechanism. The capsules have been fabricated upon mesoporous cores of vaterite CaCO3, which served as a sacrificial template. Stable capsules of polycations poly-l-lysine or protamine and four different polyanions were successfully formed. However, capsules made using the polycation collagen and dextran amine underwent dissolution. Formation of the capsules has been correlated with the stability of the respective polyelectrolyte complexes at increased ionic strength. All formed capsules shrink upon core dissolution and the degree of shrinkage increased in the series of polyanions: heparin sulfate &amp;lt; dextran sulfate &amp;lt; chondroitin sulfate &amp;lt; hyaluronic acid. The same trend is observed for capsule adhesiveness to the glass surface, which correlates with the decrease in polymer charge density. The biopolymer length and charge density govern the capsule stability and internal structure; all formed biocapsules are of a matrix-type, other words are microgels. These findings can be translated to other biopolymers to predict biocapsule properties.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.0c21194","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,10]],"date-time":"2021-01-10T01:20:40Z","timestamp":1610241640000},"page":"3259-3269","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Which\nBiopolymers Are Better for the Fabrication of\nMultilayer Capsules? A Comparative Study Using Vaterite CaCO3 as Templates"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Jack","family":"Campbell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nottingham Trent University , , Clifton Lane , ,","place":["Nottingham, U.K., NG11 8NS"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordan","family":"Abnett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nottingham Trent University , , Clifton Lane , ,","place":["Nottingham, U.K., NG11 8NS"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georgia","family":"Kastania","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nottingham Trent University , , Clifton Lane , ,","place":["Nottingham, U.K., NG11 8NS"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7474-5329","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dmitry","family":"Volodkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nottingham Trent University , , Clifton Lane , ,","place":["Nottingham, U.K., NG11 8NS"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9427-2055","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Anna S.","family":"Vikulina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology , , Am Mu\u0308hlenberg 13-Golm , ,","place":["Potsdam, Germany, 14476"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3702518","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/3702518","article-title":"Smart Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery\nApplication: Development of Versatile Nanocarrier Platforms in Biotechnology\nand Nanomedicine","volume":"2019","author":"Lombardo","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Nanomater."},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2016.01.040","article-title":"Engineering Nanolayered\nParticles for Modular Drug Delivery","volume":"240","author":"Correa","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Controlled\nRelease"},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cis.2014.02.014","article-title":"Biological\nApplications of LbL Multilayer Capsules: From Drug Delivery to Sensing","volume":"207","author":"Del Mercato","year":"2014","journal-title":"Adv. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2867","DOI":"10.1039\/c2cs15296g","article-title":"Polymeric Multilayer\nCapsules for Drug Delivery","volume":"41","author":"De Koker","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1502","DOI":"10.3390\/polym6051502","article-title":"Polyelectrolyte Multilayers: Towards\nSingle Cell Studies","volume":"6","author":"Volodkin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5539","DOI":"10.1021\/ma201014n","article-title":"Triggered\nRelease from Polymer Capsules","volume":"44","author":"Esser-Kahn","year":"2011","journal-title":"Macromolecules"},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1600273","DOI":"10.1002\/admi.201600273","article-title":"Release\nfrom Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Capsules in Solution and on Polymeric\nSurfaces","volume":"4","author":"Parakhonskiy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8574","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.langmuir.8b04331","article-title":"Hybrids of Polymeric\nCapsules, Lipids, and Nanoparticles: Thermodynamics and Temperature\nRise at the Nanoscale and Emerging Applications","volume":"35","author":"Parakhonskiy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4115","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.9b03819","article-title":"Freezing-Induced\nLoading of TiO2 into Porous Vaterite Microparticles: Preparation of\nCaCO3\/TiO2 Composites as Templates to Assemble\nUV-Responsive Microcapsules for Wastewater Treatment","volume":"5","author":"Demina","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matlet.2019.05.037","article-title":"Modification\nof the Polyelectrolyte Capsule Shell by Nanodiamonds for Remote Microwave\nOpening","volume":"251","author":"Borodina","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mater. Lett."},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2011.03.015","article-title":"PH- and Sugar-Sensitive\nLayer-by-Layer Films and Microcapsules for Drug Delivery","volume":"63","author":"Sato","year":"2011","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Delivery Rev."},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2000081","DOI":"10.1002\/mabi.202000081","article-title":"Temperature Window for Encapsulation\nof an Enzyme into Thermally Shrunk, CaCO3 Templated Polyelectrolyte\nMultilayer Capsules","volume":"20","author":"Van der Meeren","year":"2020","journal-title":"Macromol. Biosci."},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molliq.2019.03.152","article-title":"Doxorubicin-Loaded Biodegradable Capsules: Temperature\nInduced Shrinking and Study of Cytotoxicity in Vitro","volume":"284","author":"Trushina","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Mol. Liq."},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5610","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.9b21381","article-title":"Biodegradable\nPolymeric Multilayer Capsules for Therapy of Lung Cancer","volume":"12","author":"Novoselova","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mabi.201700078","article-title":"Comparative Study\nof Osteogenic Activity of Multilayers Made of Synthetic and Biogenic\nPolyelectrolytes","volume":"17","author":"Guduru","year":"2017","journal-title":"Macromol. Biosci."},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3724","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21103724","article-title":"Studies on the Mechanisms of Anti-Inflammatory\nActivity of Heparin-and Hyaluronan-Containing Multilayer Coatings\u2500Targeting\nNF-\u039aB Signalling Pathway","volume":"21","author":"Alkhoury","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol.\nSci."},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5638","DOI":"10.1039\/c9nj06470b","article-title":"Naturally Derived Nano- And Micro-Drug\nDelivery Vehicles:\nHalloysite, Vaterite and Nanocellulose","volume":"44","author":"Vikulina","year":"2020","journal-title":"New\nJ. Chem."},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cis.2014.04.001","article-title":"CaCO3 Templated Micro-Beads\nand -Capsules for Bioapplications","volume":"207","author":"Volodkin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Adv. Colloid\nInterface Sci."},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1311","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.cgd.5b01422","article-title":"Size-Controlled\nSynthesis of Vaterite\nCalcium Carbonate by the Mixing Method: Aiming for Nanosized Particles","volume":"16","author":"Trushina","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cryst. Growth Des."},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9713","DOI":"10.1039\/d0cp00404a","article-title":"Inter-Protein\nInteractions Govern Protein Loading into Porous Vaterite CaCO3 Crystals","volume":"22","author":"Feoktistova","year":"2020","journal-title":"Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.cgd.7b01328","article-title":"Key Parameters for Size- and Shape-Controlled\nSynthesis of Vaterite Particles","volume":"18","author":"Svenskaya","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cryst. Growth\nDes."},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8822","DOI":"10.1039\/c7cp07836f","article-title":"The Mechanism\nof Catalase Loading into Porous Vaterite CaCO3 Crystals\nby Co-Synthesis","volume":"20","author":"Vikulina","year":"2018","journal-title":"Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108020","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matdes.2019.108020","article-title":"Hybrid CaCO3-Mucin Crystals: Effective Approach\nfor Loading and Controlled Release of Cationic Drugs","volume":"182","author":"Balabushevich","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mater. Des."},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2019.05.077","article-title":"Bio-Friendly\nEncapsulation of Superoxide Dismutase into Vaterite CaCO3 Crystals. Enzyme Activity, Release Mechanism, and Perspectives for\nOphthalmology","volume":"181","author":"Binevski","year":"2019","journal-title":"Colloids Surf., B"},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119350","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2020.119350","article-title":"Multilayer\nCapsules Encapsulating Nimbin and Doxorubicin for Cancer Chemo-Photothermal\nTherapy","volume":"582","author":"Sharma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.3390\/mi10060357","article-title":"Porous Alginate Scaffolds Assembled\nUsing Vaterite CaCO3 Crystals","volume":"10","author":"Sergeeva","year":"2019","journal-title":"Micromachines"},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1967","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2010.11.012","article-title":"Mucosal Irritation Potential of Polyelectrolyte\nMultilayer Capsules","volume":"32","author":"De Cock","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.200502128","article-title":"Intracellularly Degradable Polyelectrolyte Microcapsules","volume":"18","author":"De Geest","year":"2006","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3633","DOI":"10.1039\/c3tb20390e","article-title":"Development\nof LbL biopolymer capsules as a delivery system for the multilayer-assembled\nanti-inflammatory substance \u03b11-antitrypsin","volume":"1","author":"Strehlow","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. B"},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1021\/bm9012937","article-title":"Designing\nHyaluronic Acid-Based Layer-by-Layer Capsules\nas a Carrier for Intracellular Drug Delivery","volume":"11","author":"Szarpak","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biomacromolecules"},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.3109\/02652048.2013.834995","article-title":"Biocatalytic Response of Multi-Layer\nAssembled Collagen\/Hyaluronic\nAcid Nanoengineered Capsules","volume":"31","author":"Sousa","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Microencapsulation"},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5390","DOI":"10.1039\/c3cc42017e","article-title":"Dual Enzyme\nResponsive Microcapsules\nSimulating an \u201cOR\u201d Logic Gate for Biologically Triggered\nDrug Delivery Applications","volume":"49","author":"Radhakrishnan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chem. Commun."},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfa.2009.03.055","article-title":"(Protamine\/Dextran\nSulfate)6 Microcapules Templated on Biocompatible Calcium Carbonate\nMicrospheres","volume":"342","author":"Jin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Colloids Surf., A"},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2576","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkt252","article-title":"Chitosan-Dextran\nSulphate Nanocapsule Drug Delivery System as an Effective Therapeutic\nagainst Intraphagosomal Pathogen Salmonella","volume":"68","author":"Gnanadhas","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1007\/s11051-015-3145-8","article-title":"Stimuli-Responsive Protamine-Based\nBiodegradable Nanocapsules for Enhanced Bioavailability and Intracellular\nDelivery of Anticancer Agents","volume":"17","author":"Radhakrishnan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Nanopart.\nRes."},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1126\/science.282.5391.1111","article-title":"Nanoengineering\nof Inorganic and\nHybrid Hollow Spheres by Colloidal Templating","volume":"282","author":"Caruso","year":"1998","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1002\/(sici)1521-3765(20000204)6:3&lt;413::aid-chem413&gt;3.0.co;2-9","article-title":"Hollow Capsule\nProcessing through Colloidal Templating and Self-Assembly","volume":"6","author":"Caruso","year":"2000","journal-title":"Chem.\u2500Eur. J."},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cis.2014.04.001","article-title":"CaCO3 Templated Micro-Beads\nand -Capsules for Bioapplications","volume":"207","author":"Volodkin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Adv. Colloid\nInterface Sci."},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.200600198","article-title":"Self-Rupturing and Hollow Microcapsules\nPrepared from Bio-Polyelectrolyte- Coated Microgels","volume":"17","author":"De Geest","year":"2007","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9418","DOI":"10.1039\/c2sm25683e","article-title":"Architectural Layer-by-Layer\nAssembly of Drug Nanocapsules\nwith PEGylated Polyelectrolytes","volume":"8","author":"Shutava","year":"2012","journal-title":"Soft Matter"},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2014.02.006","article-title":"Pulmonary Sustained\nRelease of Insulin from Microparticles Composed of Polyelectrolyte\nLayer-by-Layer Assembly","volume":"466","author":"Amancha","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11972","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.5b02002","article-title":"Sonication-Assisted\nLayer-by-Layer Assembly for Low\nSolubility Drug Nanoformulation","volume":"7","author":"Santos","year":"2015","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater.\nInterfaces"},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2014.10.001","article-title":"Spherical and Tubule Nanocarriers\nfor Sustained Drug Release","volume":"18","author":"Shutava","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.3390\/mi9110547","article-title":"Internal Structure\nof Matrix-Type Multilayer Capsules Templated on Porous Vaterite CaCO3 Crystals as Probed by Staining with a Fluorescence Dye","volume":"9","author":"Jeannot","year":"2018","journal-title":"Micromachines"},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119929","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2020.119929","article-title":"Layered Self-Assemblies\nfor Controlled Drug Delivery: A Translational Overview","volume":"242","author":"Sarode","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4229","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.langmuir.6b00717","article-title":"Controlling the Vaterite CaCO3 Crystal Pores. Design of Tailor-Made Polymer Based Microcapsules\nby Hard Templating","volume":"32","author":"Feoktistova","year":"2016","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matdes.2019.108223","article-title":"Bioactivity\nof Catalase Loaded into Vaterite CaCO3 Crystals via Adsorption\nand Co-Synthesis","volume":"185","author":"Feoktistova","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mater. Des."},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2019.03.042","article-title":"Mucin Adsorption\non Vaterite CaCO3 Microcrystals\nfor the Prediction of Mucoadhesive Properties","volume":"545","author":"Balabushevich","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9184","DOI":"10.1039\/c3cs60278h","article-title":"Heparin\nSensing and Binding-Taking\nSupramolecular Chemistry towards Clinical Applications","volume":"42","author":"Bromfield","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nano.2008.06.004","article-title":"PH-Controlled Drug\nLoading and Release from Biodegradable Microcapsules","volume":"4","author":"Zhao","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine"},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3374","DOI":"10.1021\/ja036952x","article-title":"Nanoassembly of\nBiodegradable Microcapsules for DNA Encasing","volume":"126","author":"Shchukin","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.3390\/nano8120986","article-title":"Effect of\nPolyelectrolyte Mono- and Bilayer Formation on the Colloidal Stability\nof Layered Double Hydroxide Nanoparticles","volume":"8","author":"Somosi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nanomaterials"},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188301","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.97.188301","article-title":"Salt-Induced Swelling-to-Shrinking Transition in Polyelectrolyte\nMultilayer Capsules","volume":"97","author":"Ko\u0308hler","year":"2006","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13561","DOI":"10.1021\/jp307922e","article-title":"Phenomenon\nand Mechanism of Capsule Shrinking in Alkaline Solution Containing\nCalcium Ions","volume":"116","author":"She","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. B"},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8258","DOI":"10.1039\/c1sm05171g","article-title":"High Efficient Loading and Controlled\nRelease of Low-Molecular-Weight Drugs by Combination of Spontaneous\nDeposition and Heat-Induced Shrinkage of Multilayer Capsules","volume":"7","author":"Tong","year":"2011","journal-title":"Soft Matter"},{"key":"2026090112153201900_cit56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1007\/s101890170082","article-title":"Shrinking\nof Ultrathin Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Capsules upon Annealing: A\nConfocal Laser Scanning Microscopy and Scanning Force Microscopy Study","volume":"5","author":"Leporatti","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur. Phys. J. E: Soft Matter Biol. 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