{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T03:34:01Z","timestamp":1790998441712,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,17]],"date-time":"2026-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778976000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000006","name":"Office of Naval Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["N00014-24-1-2115"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N00014-24-1-2115"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000006","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000015","name":"U.S. Department of Energy","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DE-EE0010502"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DE-EE0010502"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000015","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014037","name":"National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014037","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]]},"DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.6c03387","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,17]],"date-time":"2026-05-17T16:50:33Z","timestamp":1779036633000},"page":"29278-29290","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Structure of Layers Formed by [2-(3,6-Disubstituted-9\n                    <i>H<\/i>\n                    -carbazol-9-yl)ethyl]phosphonic Acids on Metal Oxides"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3845-3959","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Collin A.","family":"Sindt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering","place":["Boulder, United States"]},{"name":"University of Colorado Boulder","place":["Boulder, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics","place":["Boulder, United States"]},{"name":"University of Colorado Boulder","place":["Boulder, United States"]},{"name":"Department of Chemistry","place":["Boulder, United States"]},{"name":"University of Colorado Boulder","place":["Boulder, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yadong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute","place":["Boulder, United States"]},{"name":"University of Colorado Boulder","place":["Boulder, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junxiang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute","place":["Boulder, United States"]},{"name":"University of Colorado Boulder","place":["Boulder, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patteera","family":"Funchien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute","place":["Boulder, United States"]},{"name":"University of Colorado Boulder","place":["Boulder, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars","family":"Thomsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian Synchrotron, ANSTO, 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5570-8880","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Eliot","family":"Gann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory","place":["Upton, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cherno","family":"Jaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Materials Measurement Science Division","place":["Gaithersburg, United States"]},{"name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","place":["Gaithersburg, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9059-9974","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Stephen","family":"Barlow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute","place":["Boulder, United States"]},{"name":"University of Colorado Boulder","place":["Boulder, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6921-2536","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Seth R.","family":"Marder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering","place":["Boulder, United States"]},{"name":"University of Colorado Boulder","place":["Boulder, United States"]},{"name":"Department of Chemistry","place":["Boulder, United States"]},{"name":"University of Colorado Boulder","place":["Boulder, United States"]},{"name":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute","place":["Boulder, United States"]},{"name":"University of Colorado Boulder","place":["Boulder, United States"]},{"name":"Materials Science Program","place":["Boulder, United States"]},{"name":"University of Colorado Boulder","place":["Boulder, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7513-1166","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Michael F.","family":"Toney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering","place":["Boulder, United States"]},{"name":"University of Colorado Boulder","place":["Boulder, United States"]},{"name":"Department of Physics","place":["Boulder, United States"]},{"name":"University of Colorado Boulder","place":["Boulder, United States"]},{"name":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute","place":["Boulder, United States"]},{"name":"University of Colorado Boulder","place":["Boulder, United States"]},{"name":"Materials Science Program","place":["Boulder, United States"]},{"name":"University of Colorado Boulder","place":["Boulder, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1\/cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsenergylett.0c01421"},{"key":"ref2\/cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.202100707"},{"key":"ref3\/cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202202503"},{"key":"ref4\/cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202203794"},{"key":"ref5\/cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/solr.202300996"},{"key":"ref6\/cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.5b01669"},{"key":"ref7\/cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja050481s"},{"key":"ref8\/cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.6b00061"},{"key":"ref9\/cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jz4021525"},{"key":"ref10\/cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/la304594t"},{"key":"ref11\/cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jp710893k"},{"key":"ref12\/cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.susc.2008.01.035"},{"key":"ref13\/cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jp3050725"},{"key":"ref14\/cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cm502171m"},{"key":"ref15\/cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202400342"},{"key":"ref16\/cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201704438"},{"key":"ref17\/cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202304000"},{"key":"ref18\/cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202304415"},{"key":"ref19\/cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C9EE02268F"},{"key":"ref20\/cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-41929-9"},{"key":"ref21\/cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2024.159643"},{"key":"ref22\/cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.4c08088"},{"key":"ref23\/cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.4c13036"},{"key":"ref24\/cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsenergylett.2c02629"},{"key":"ref25\/cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsenergylett.3c01385"},{"key":"ref26\/cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202303354"},{"key":"ref27\/cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.9b03268"},{"key":"ref28\/cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abf5602"},{"key":"ref29\/cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C3TA01229"},{"key":"ref30\/cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202423178"},{"key":"ref31\/cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ar200119g"},{"key":"ref32\/cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsenergylett.4c00510"},{"key":"ref33\/cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06745-7"},{"key":"ref34\/cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-51760-5"},{"key":"ref35\/cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1107\/S1600576722006653"},{"key":"ref36\/cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.3463197"},{"key":"ref37\/cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1107\/S1600577515018688"},{"key":"ref38\/cit38","volume-title":"NEXAFS Spectroscopy","author":"St\u00f6hr J.","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref39\/cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.elspec.2005.11.006"},{"key":"ref40\/cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.susc.2007.05.007"},{"key":"ref41\/cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cm8014622"},{"key":"ref42\/cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.83.094201"},{"key":"ref43\/cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/coatings7090133"},{"key":"ref44\/cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adz7969"},{"key":"ref45\/cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408439708241258"},{"key":"ref46\/cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.accounts.5b00022"},{"key":"ref47\/cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.344361"},{"key":"ref48\/cit48","unstructured":"Inaba, K. X-Ray Thin-FIlm Measurement Techniques."},{"key":"ref49\/cit49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3938\/jkps.60.388"},{"key":"ref50\/cit50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jp061327a"},{"key":"ref51\/cit51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/la8000619"},{"key":"ref52\/cit52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/zaac.201000016"},{"key":"ref53\/cit53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c3cp54637c"},{"key":"ref54\/cit54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41560-024-01689-2"},{"key":"ref55\/cit55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1107\/S1600576722004988"},{"key":"ref56\/cit56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsaelm.5c00731"},{"key":"ref57\/cit57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1116\/1.5141079"},{"key":"ref58\/cit58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202311970"},{"key":"ref59\/cit59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40580-024-00464-z"},{"key":"ref60\/cit60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202316500"}],"container-title":["ACS Applied Materials &amp; Interfaces"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acsami.6c03387","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acsami.6c03387","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T08:30:55Z","timestamp":1779870655000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/acsami.6c03387"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,17]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"20","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1021\/acsami.6c03387"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsami.6c03387","relation":{},"ISSN":["1944-8244","1944-8252"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1944-8244","type":"print"},{"value":"1944-8252","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,17]]}}}