{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T12:24:35Z","timestamp":1786969475851,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"30","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784073600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784073600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784073600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010040","name":"Taishan Scholar Project of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["tstp20250530"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["tstp20250530"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010040","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZR2021ME122"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2021ME122"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["22274084"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22274084"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Copper (Cu)-based electrocatalysts can promote C\u2013C coupling during the electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (eCO2RR). However, the easily variable oxide states of Cu cause the generated *CO intermediate to either desorb as CO or undergo further coupling into a mixture of C2+ products, resulting in poor selectivity and yield toward ethanol. Herein, we stabilize Cu\u03b4+ (0 &amp;lt; \u03b4 &amp;lt; 1) active sites with high dispersion in a polyacrylic acid immobilized Cu (PAA-Cu) electrocatalyst, where Cu atoms form strongly bidentate chelates with carboxylate (\u2013COO\u2013) ligands in the PAA matrix. This coordination environment precisely modulates the local electronic structure of Cu, promotes electron redistribution, and upshifts the d-band center of Cu ions. Density functional theory calculations reveal that stabilized Cu\u03b4+ sites facilitate *CO\u2013COH coupling to form the *OCCOH intermediate, thereby favoring the selective production of ethanol with a Faradaic efficiency of up to 61.9%, which is approximately twofold higher than that of an unmodified Cu nanoparticle electrode (31.2%) while maintaining stable operation for \u223c28 h. This work demonstrates the critical role of ligand-mediated coordination engineering in regulating Cu active sites for selective eCO2RR.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.6c03478","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T14:56:36Z","timestamp":1784127396000},"page":"40672-40681","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Stabilizing Cu\u03b4+ Sites via Bidentate Coordination toward Efficient Electrochemical C\u2013C Coupling"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Ruoxin","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Qingdao University , , ,","place":["Qingdao, P. R. China, 266071"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7290-4282","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mang","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Qingdao University , , ,","place":["Qingdao, P. R. China, 266071"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Qingdao University , , ,","place":["Qingdao, P. R. China, 266071"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wansong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Qingdao University , , ,","place":["Qingdao, P. R. China, 266071"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaozuo","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Qingdao University , , ,","place":["Qingdao, P. R. China, 266071"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoxia","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Qingdao University , , ,","place":["Qingdao, P. R. China, 266071"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1549-9820","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yuanhong","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Qingdao University , , ,","place":["Qingdao, P. R. China, 266071"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3851","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-11599-7","article-title":"Carbon dioxide electroreduction to C2 products over copper\u2013cuprous oxide derived from electrosynthesized copper complex","volume":"10","author":"Zhu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1038\/s41929-017-0018-9","article-title":"Catalyst electro-redeposition controls morphology and oxidation state for selective carbon dioxide reduction","volume":"1","author":"De Luna","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Catal."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2019.05.017","article-title":"Free-standing graphene paper for energy application: Progress and future scenarios","volume":"150","author":"Karthick","year":"2019","journal-title":"Carbon"},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2025.216908","article-title":"Advances in the carbon dioxide electroreduction to ethanol","volume":"543","author":"Duan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Coord. Chem. Rev."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2025.216981","article-title":"Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide to ethanol: Reaction conditions and tuning strategies","volume":"544","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Coord. Chem. Rev."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-025-01914-3","article-title":"Electrosynthesis of pure urea from pretreated flue gas in a proton-limited environment established in a porous solid-state electrolyte electrolyser","volume":"20","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Nanotechnol."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6186","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-61132-2","article-title":"Highly efficient and stable ethanol electrosynthesis from carbon dioxide at \u2013250 mA cm\u20132","volume":"16","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2025.216672","article-title":"Advances in copper-based electrocatalysts for electrochemical reduction of CO2 to ethanol: Operando, theoretical, and empirical perspectives","volume":"535","author":"Sakshi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Coord. Chem. Rev."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1978","DOI":"10.31635\/ccschem.023.202303333","article-title":"Precisely tailoring the first coordination shell of metal centers in porous nitrogen-doped carbon promoting electroreduction of CO2 under neutral condition","volume":"6","author":"Liang","year":"2024","journal-title":"CCS Chem."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2024.109656","article-title":"Modulating local environment for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to alcohol","volume":"126","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nano Energy"},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202501884","article-title":"In situ oxygen vacancy engineering for CO2 electrolysis to multi-carbon products with a low CO Faradaic efficiency of 45%","volume":"21","author":"Shen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202503497","article-title":"Boosting electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to multi-carbon products via modulated asymmetric Cu sites","volume":"35","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202410186","article-title":"Strategies for improving product selectivity in electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction using copper-based catalysts","volume":"34","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9365","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.4c01610","article-title":"Oxygen-bridged Cu binuclear sites for efficient electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to ethanol at ultralow overpotential","volume":"146","author":"Xu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202313858","article-title":"A sulfur-doped copper catalyst with efficient electrocatalytic formate generation during the electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction","volume":"63","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202512342","article-title":"Ligand-hybridization engineering enabling stable Cu\u03b4+ for durable CO2 electroreduction to C2+ products","volume":"36","author":"Lu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nsr\/nwaf329","article-title":"Embedding a self-supporting MOF-based molecular sieve membrane into an electrolyzer for boosting electroreduction of CO2 in air and flue gas to HCOOH","volume":"12","author":"Huang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Natl. Sci. Rev."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3530","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.accounts.5c00584","article-title":"Precise Engineering of multimetal sites in metal\u2013organic frameworks for efficient and selective electrochemical reduction of CO2 to C2 and urea products","volume":"58","author":"Zhu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Acc. Chem. Res."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12113","DOI":"10.1039\/C7TA00353F","article-title":"Selective electro- or photo-reduction of carbon dioxide to formic acid using a Cu\u2013Zn alloy catalyst","volume":"5","author":"Yin","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. A"},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.elecom.2020.106739","article-title":"Electrochemical copper dissolution: a benchmark for stable CO2 reduction on copper electrocatalysts","volume":"115","author":"Speck","year":"2020","journal-title":"Electrochem. Commun."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1021\/prechem.4c00002","article-title":"Investigation and mitigation of carbon deposition over copper catalyst during electrochemical CO2 reduction","volume":"2","author":"DuanMu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Precis. Chem."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202417066","article-title":"Constructing Ag\/Cu2O interface for efficient neutral CO2 electroreduction to C2H4","volume":"64","author":"Wei","year":"2025","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202311026","article-title":"Phase-transition of Mo2C induced by tungsten doping as heterointerface-rich electrocatalyst for optimizing hydrogen evolution activity","volume":"20","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6577","DOI":"10.1007\/s11164-025-05766-3","article-title":"Potential-induced synthesis of cavity Cu2O\/Cu nanocubes for enhanced electroreduced CO2 to C2+ products","volume":"51","author":"Hu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Res. Chem. Intermed."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2022.108080","article-title":"Structural evolution of Cu2O nanocube electrocatalysts for the CO2 reduction reaction","volume":"106","author":"Ren","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nano Energy"},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3359","DOI":"10.1039\/d4ta07386j","article-title":"Stabilizing Cu+ species by Al-doping with enhanced *CO coverage for highly efficient electrochemical CO2 reduction to C2+ products","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. A"},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nsr\/nwaf351","article-title":"Stabilization of oxidized Cu species via CeOx nano-islands for enhanced CO2 reduction to C2+ products","volume":"12","author":"Wei","year":"2025","journal-title":"Natl. Sci. Rev."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6827","DOI":"10.1039\/d3cc01049j","article-title":"Organic-moiety-engineering on copper surface for carbon dioxide reduction","volume":"59","author":"Lu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chem. Commun."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.202002481","article-title":"Polyacrylamide-mediated silver nanoparticles for selectively enhancing electroreduction of CO2 towards CO in water","volume":"14","author":"Han","year":"2021","journal-title":"ChemSusChem"},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10324","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.4c01961","article-title":"Enhancing CO2 electroreduction performance through Si-doped CuO: stabilization of Cu+\/Cu0 sites and improved C2 product selectivity","volume":"14","author":"Cheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Catal."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.3c04710","article-title":"Deciphering the stability mechanism of Cu active sites in CO2 electroreduction via suppression of antibonding orbital occupancy in the O 2p\u2013Cu 3d hybridization","volume":"14","author":"Sun","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Catal."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/S1872-2067(23)64519-X","article-title":"Tailoring ligand fields of metal-azolate frameworks for highly selective electroreduction of CO2 to hydrocarbons at industrial current density","volume":"53","author":"Xue","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chin. J. Catal."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202301536","article-title":"Less-coordinated atomic copper-dimer boosted carbon\u2013carbon coupling during electrochemical CO2 reduction","volume":"19","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2024.216021","article-title":"Copper-organic frameworks for electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction","volume":"517","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Coord. Chem. Rev."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26783","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.3c08974","article-title":"Highly efficient electroreduction of CO2 to ethanol via asymmetric C\u2013C coupling by a metal\u2013organic framework with heterodimetal dual sites","volume":"145","author":"Zhao","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3056","DOI":"10.1007\/s12274-021-3962-2","article-title":"Coordination engineering of cobalt phthalocyanine by functionalized carbon nanotube for efficient and highly stable carbon dioxide reduction at high current density","volume":"15","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nano Res."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcat.2024.115669","article-title":"Modulating the coordination environment and metal choice in carbon buckypapers supported metal phthalocyanines for enhanced electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction","volume":"437","author":"Mart\u00ednez-S\u00e1nchez","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Catal."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202008151","article-title":"Rational design of single-atom site electrocatalysts: From theoretical understandings to practical applications","volume":"33","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9338","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.3c01059","article-title":"Two-dimensional metal coordination polymer derived indium nanosheet for efficient carbon dioxide reduction to formate","volume":"17","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4132","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.7b04347","article-title":"Poly-amide modified copper foam electrodes for enhanced electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide","volume":"8","author":"Ahn","year":"2018","journal-title":"ACS Catal."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20135","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.5c06128","article-title":"Restructuring of benzimidazole-based copper complexes during electrochemical CO2 reduction","volume":"15","author":"Romano","year":"2025","journal-title":"ACS Catal."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4653","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.energyfuels.2c00400","article-title":"Electrochemical CO2 reduction catalyzed by copper molecular complexes: the influence of ligand structure","volume":"36","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Energy Fuels"},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addma.2023.103886","article-title":"Material extrusion of sodium polyacrylate superabsorbent polymer","volume":"78","author":"Gosden","year":"2023","journal-title":"Addit. Manuf."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4692","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpclett.9b01435","article-title":"Probing conformation change and binding mode of metal ion\u2013carboxyl coordination complex through resonant surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and density functional theory","volume":"10","author":"Ho","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20655","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.3c08005","article-title":"Steering the dynamics of reaction intermediates and catalyst surface during electrochemical pulsed CO2 reduction for enhanced C2+ selectivity","volume":"145","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2395","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scib.2024.06.014","article-title":"Polyacrylate modified Cu electrode for selective electrochemical CO2 reduction towards multicarbon products","volume":"69","author":"Shi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Bull."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5217","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.9b00790","article-title":"Morphology manipulation of copper nanocrystals and product selectivity in the electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide","volume":"9","author":"Suen","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Catal."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21714","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.4c05326","article-title":"A review on the influence of crystal facets on the product selectivity of CO2RR over Cu metal catalysts","volume":"18","author":"Ma","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2024.149710","article-title":"Engineering stable Cu+-Cu0 sites and oxygen defects in boron-doped copper oxide for electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to C2+ products","volume":"484","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9378","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.4c20586","article-title":"Microenvironment matters: Copper\u2013carbon composites enable a highly efficient carbon dioxide reduction reaction to C2 products","volume":"17","author":"Shen","year":"2025","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10977","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202102193","article-title":"Hierarchical metal\u2013polymer hybrids for enhanced CO2 electroreduction","volume":"60","author":"Jia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-386X(03)00137-3","article-title":"Infrared spectroscopy of metal carboxylates: II. Analysis of Fe(III), Ni and Zn carboxylate solutions","volume":"72","author":"Palacios","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hydrometallurgy"},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1002\/jrs.4520","article-title":"Characterisation of metal carboxylates by Raman and infrared spectroscopy in works of art","volume":"45","author":"Otero","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Raman Spectrosc."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1521","DOI":"10.1007\/s10973-016-5818-7","article-title":"Spectroscopic (IR, Raman) and thermogravimetric studies of 3d-metal cinchomeronates and dinicotinates","volume":"126","author":"\u015awiderski","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Therm. Anal. Calorim."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202404123","article-title":"Bottom-up growth of convex sphere with adjustable Cu(0)\/Cu(I) interfaces for effective C2 production from CO2 electroreduction","volume":"63","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1002\/sia.6239","article-title":"Advanced analysis of copper X-ray photoelectron spectra","volume":"49","author":"Biesinger","year":"2017","journal-title":"Surf. Interface Anal."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-3155-10-18","article-title":"Biotemplating rod-like viruses for the synthesis of copper nanorods and nanowires","volume":"10","author":"Zhou","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnol."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eom2.12346","article-title":"Advances in electrolyzer design and development for electrochemical CO2 reduction","volume":"5","author":"He","year":"2023","journal-title":"EcoMat"},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms13869","article-title":"A metal-free electrocatalyst for carbon dioxide reduction to multi-carbon hydrocarbons and oxygenates","volume":"7","author":"Wu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202202006","article-title":"Phosphorus-doped graphene aerogel as self-supported electrocatalyst for CO2-to-ethanol conversion","volume":"9","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1038\/s41929-018-0139-9","article-title":"Improved CO2 reduction activity towards C2+ alcohols on a tandem gold on copper electrocatalyst","volume":"1","author":"Morales-Guio","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Catal."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7261","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.4c01239","article-title":"Illustration of the intrinsic mechanism of reconstructed Cu clusters for enhanced CO2 electroreduction to ethanol production with industrial current density","volume":"24","author":"Zang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nano Lett."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6986","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.9b00911","article-title":"Branched copper oxide nanoparticles induce highly selective ethylene production by electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction","volume":"141","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17253","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.3c04612","article-title":"Adjacent copper single atoms promote C\u2013C coupling in electrochemical CO2 reduction for the efficient conversion of ethanol","volume":"145","author":"Xia","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202407748","article-title":"Selective increase in CO2 electroreduction to ethanol activity at nanograin-boundary-rich mixed Cu(I)\/Cu(0) sites via enriching Co-adsorbed CO and hydroxyl species","volume":"63","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/S1872-2067(24)60068-9","article-title":"Progress in tracking electrochemical CO2 reduction intermediates over single-atom catalysts using operando ATR-SEIRAS","volume":"62","author":"Yan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chin. J. Catal."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8049","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.0c02130","article-title":"Infrared Analysis of Interfacial Phenomena during Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 over Polycrystalline Copper Electrodes","volume":"10","author":"Moradzaman","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Catal."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202502105","article-title":"Switchable reaction pathways of dynamic integration for selective CO2-to-ethanol conversion","volume":"15","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Energy Mater."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-58756-9","article-title":"A redox-active polymeric network facilitates electrified reactive-capture electrosynthesis to multi-carbon products from dilute CO2-containing streams","volume":"16","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2026081707093823400_cit70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202509694","article-title":"Partial encapsulation of Cu2O with silica for improved electroreduction of carbon dioxide to C2 species","volume":"21","author":"Qiao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Small"}],"container-title":["ACS Applied Materials &amp; Interfaces"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acsami.6c03478","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/aamick\/article-pdf\/18\/30\/40672\/65922863\/am-2026-034787.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/aamick\/article-pdf\/18\/30\/40672\/65922863\/am-2026-034787.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T11:25:50Z","timestamp":1786965950000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/aamick\/article\/18\/30\/40672\/5208887\/Stabilizing-Cu-Sites-via-Bidentate-Coordination"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]]},"references-count":70,"journal-issue":{"issue":"30","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsami.6c03478","relation":{},"ISSN":["1944-8244","1944-8252"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1944-8244","type":"print"},{"value":"1944-8252","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]]}}}