{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T09:00:32Z","timestamp":1790240432710,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"36","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788134400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788134400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788134400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024YFD2402204"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024YFD2402204"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82472153"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82472153"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82473592"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82473592"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Microplastics (MPs, &amp;lt;5 mm) are pervasive in foods, the environment, and humans, posing emerging health risks. Traditional two-dimensional (2D) cell models inadequately replicate micron-scale MP uptake, whereas three-dimensional (3D) organoids better mimic tissue complexity. Here, we developed a hepatic organoids (HOs)-in-cage system using human pluripotent stem cell-derived HOs and a 3D-printed porous poly(\u03b5-caprolactone) carrier for efficient organoid retrieval. We established a label-free Nile Red (NR)-based spatiotemporal imaging and flow cytometric quantification pipeline to investigate the uptake dynamics and hepatotoxicity of UV-aged, size-mixed polypropylene (PP, 1 to 20 \u03bcm), as well as to colocalize the MP and potential biomarkers within HOs. Contrary to 2D models where &amp;gt;5 \u03bcm particles show negligible internalization, 3D HOs exhibited significant accumulation of intact micron-scale MPs via tissue-layer penetration and paracellular retention, with PP uptake peaking at \u223c40% within 48 h and \u223c18% retained long-term. This triggered dose- and time-dependent hepatotoxicity (40\u20134000 ng\/mL), marked by CD36 upregulation from 8 h, mitochondrial impairment, and elevated LDH and AST levels. Notably, NR fluorescence intensity was governed by polymer chemistry rather than surface roughness, enabling material-specific detection. This work provides novel label-free techniques within 3D in\u00a0vitro models to explore the depot and effective concentration of micron-scale MPs, advancing understanding of MP-induced cellular damage upon uptake and deposition.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.6c10955","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T04:31:14Z","timestamp":1788409874000},"page":"49808-49818","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Detection of Time-Dependent Uptake of Microplastics by Joint Utilization of Hepatic Organoids and a 3D-Printed Carrier"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Hange","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University , , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 201318"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University , , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 201318"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qianyi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing University , , ,","place":["Chongqing, China, 400030"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liujiang","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University , , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 201318"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yinyin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 201318"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boyi","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 201318"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University , , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 201318"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University , , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 201318"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong","family":"Lei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ninth People\u2019s Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 200011"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ninth People\u2019s Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 200011"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4708-2966","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Wei","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University , , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 201318"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]]},"reference":[{"issue":"13","key":"2026092323290455800_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7738","DOI":"10.1039\/D5NR00071H","article-title":"Characterisation of polymeric nanoparticles for drug delivery","volume":"17","author":"Floyd","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"key":"2026092323290455800_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2017.11.003","article-title":"Surface modification of biomaterials and biomedical devices using additive manufacturing","volume":"66","author":"Bose","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026092323290455800_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3065","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.3c08902","article-title":"Micro(nano)plastics in the Human Body: Sources, Occurrences, Fates, and Health Risks","volume":"58","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. 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