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Within a polymeric-aerogel matrix, rigid mica platelets mimic protective bark, while temperature-responsive sustained-release microspheres (SRMs) function as artificial cells. Upon thermal shock, SRM actively release repair agents to trigger a distinct thermal stability relay mechanism. Initially (&amp;lt;400 \u00b0C), the released amino-silicone oil induces rapid interfacial cross-linking to counteract polymer decomposition. Subsequently, at extreme temperatures (&amp;gt;800 \u00b0C), an amorphous inorganic skeleton reconfiguration occurs, where inorganic components mechanically interlock into a rigid, self-supporting scaffold, effectively propped open by hollow SRM derivatives acting as rigid spacers. This active-defense strategy effectively prevents the catastrophic structural collapse typical of conventional insulation. Consequently, the coating demonstrates exceptional dimensional stability, achieving a minimal radial shrinkage of only 5.7% at 1000 \u00b0C. By suppressing macro-cracks and thermal bridges, it retains an ultralow thermal conductivity of 0.075 W\/(m\u00b7K) and sustains a 197.7 \u00b0C thermal gradient. Ultimately, IBMC provides a compact and robust thermal management solution for mitigating thermal runaway across high-risk scenarios, including battery modules, steel structures, and datacenters.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.6c11729","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T13:03:07Z","timestamp":1792414987000},"page":"58239-58251","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Bioinspired Active-Defense Coating with a Thermal Stability Relay for Mitigating Matrix Thermal Runaway Propagation"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Mengxi","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Fudan University , , ,","place":["Shanghai, People\u2019s Republic of China, 200433"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingting","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fudan University , , ,","place":["Shanghai, People\u2019s Republic of China, 200433"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yifan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fudan University , , ,","place":["Shanghai, People\u2019s Republic of China, 200433"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yulin","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fudan University , , ,","place":["Shanghai, People\u2019s Republic of China, 200438"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaojie","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fudan University , , ,","place":["Shanghai, People\u2019s Republic of China, 200438"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marine Chemical Research Institute Co., Ltd , , ,","place":["Qingdao, People\u2019s Republic of China, 266071"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lianfeng","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marine Chemical Research Institute Co., Ltd , , ,","place":["Qingdao, People\u2019s Republic of China, 266071"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2830-4711","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bo","family":"You","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fudan University , , ,","place":["Shanghai, People\u2019s Republic of China, 200433"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8495-8627","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Limin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fudan University , , ,","place":["Shanghai, People\u2019s Republic of China, 200433"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"2026102914074718000_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joule.2025.102214","article-title":"Multispectral thermal management for energy-saving buildings in diverse climates: From facade to indoor personal thermal management","volume":"9","author":"Zhou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Joule"},{"key":"2026102914074718000_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3432","DOI":"10.1039\/D5CS01351H","article-title":"Hydrogels for robust thermal management: mechanism and applications","volume":"55","author":"Hu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Chem. 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