{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T19:44:47Z","timestamp":1792784687680,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"36","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788134400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788134400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788134400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006407","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["242300421010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["242300421010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006407","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)","award":["52403055"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52403055"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Developing passive radiative cooling (PRC) fabrics that combine high solar reflectance with desirable coloration, particularly purple, remains challenging due to the spectral trade-off between solar reflection and visible light absorption. Here, a \u201ccolored\u2013white\u2013colored\u201d sandwich-structured metafabric is designed to balance aesthetic appearance and cooling performance. The fabric consists of spectrally selective purple skin layers and a highly reflective scattering core. The skin layers, composed of polyurethane (TPU) fibers and purple metal\u2013organic framework ZIF-67, enable selective visible light absorption and enhanced mid-infrared emission, while the TPU\/ZnO nanofiber core enhances broadband solar reflection through strong scattering. By spatially decoupling coloration and reflection, the fabric achieves a high solar reflectance of 90.6% and a mid-infrared emissivity of 94.6%. Outdoor tests show a maximum sub-ambient cooling of about 5.2 oC during daytime. Simulated and real-skin evaluations confirm superior personal cooling performance compared with commercial dyed cotton fabrics. The fabric also exhibits good moisture permeability and hydrophobicity, with a water vapor transmission rate of ~24.01 mg\u00b7cm\u20132\u00b7h\u20131 and a water contact angle of ~120o, which facilitates sweat evaporation and heat dissipation. This work provides a practical strategy for designing colored passive radiative cooling fabrics with aesthetic appeal, high visibility, and efficient thermal management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.6c12121","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T04:20:45Z","timestamp":1788409245000},"page":"49894-49905","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Colored Sandwich-Structured Metafabrics for Passive Radiative Cooling"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Yangzhe","family":"Hou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhengzhou University , , ,","place":["Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China, 450005"]},{"name":"Adelaide University , , , ,","place":["Adelaide, South Australia, Australia, 5095"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haoran","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhengzhou University , , ,","place":["Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China, 450005"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yidan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhengzhou University , , ,","place":["Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China, 450005"]},{"name":"Zhengzhou University , , ,","place":["Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China, 450002"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelaide University , , , ,","place":["Adelaide, South Australia, Australia, 5095"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yamin","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhengzhou University , , ,","place":["Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China, 450005"]},{"name":"Adelaide University , , , ,","place":["Adelaide, South Australia, Australia, 5095"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9751-6270","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chuntai","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhengzhou University , , ,","place":["Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China, 450005"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changyu","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhengzhou University , , ,","place":["Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China, 450005"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelaide University , , , ,","place":["Adelaide, South Australia, Australia, 5095"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4975-3586","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xianhu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhengzhou University , , ,","place":["Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China, 450005"]},{"name":"Adelaide University , , , ,","place":["Adelaide, South Australia, Australia, 5095"]},{"name":"Zhengzhou University , , ,","place":["Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China, 450002"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"2026092323294772700_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1342","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-021-00987-0","article-title":"Subambient daytime radiative cooling textile based on nanoprocessed silk","volume":"16","author":"Zhu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Nanotechnol."},{"key":"2026092323294772700_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1016\/j.egyr.2021.11.285","article-title":"A review on buildings energy information: Trends, end-uses, fuels and drivers","volume":"8","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Torres","year":"2022","journal-title":"Energy Rep."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026092323294772700_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adna.2024.02.001","article-title":"Advancing thermal comfort: an innovative SiO2 microsphere-decorated shish-kebab film composite for enhanced personal cooling","volume":"1","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Nanocompos."},{"key":"2026092323294772700_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2024.151040","article-title":"Advancements and challenges in thermoregulating textiles: Smart clothing for enhanced personal thermal management","volume":"488","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026092323294772700_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2188","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.1c08227","article-title":"A Moisture-Wicking Passive Radiative Cooling Hierarchical Metafabric","volume":"16","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026092323294772700_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8537","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.2c21832","article-title":"MOF-Integrated Hierarchical Composite Fiber for Efficient Daytime Radiative Cooling and Antibacterial Protective Textiles","volume":"15","author":"Cai","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"issue":"38","key":"2026092323294772700_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202504951","article-title":"Emissivity Regulated Fabric: Achieving Self-Adaptive Radiative Cooling and Dynamic Body Radiation Manipulation","volume":"21","author":"Hu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"2026092323294772700_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adna.2026.07.001","article-title":"Photovoltaic-thermoelectric hybrid systems: Structural design, thermal management, control optimization and application expansion","volume":"3","author":"Ma","year":"2026","journal-title":"Adv. Nanocompos."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026092323294772700_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1007\/s42765-025-00526-9","article-title":"Stretchable Thermoplastic Polyurethane\/Boron Nitride Nanosheet Fabrics with Highly Anisotropic Thermal Conductivity for Multi-scenario Passive Radiative Cooling","volume":"7","author":"Dong","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Fiber Mater."},{"key":"2026092323294772700_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmatsci.2024.101276","article-title":"Passive daytime radiative cooling materials toward real-world applications","volume":"144","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Prog. Mater. Sci."},{"key":"2026092323294772700_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2024.150784","article-title":"Bio-based and fireproof radiative cooling aerogel film: Achieving higher sustainability and safety","volume":"488","author":"Cai","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"issue":"44","key":"2026092323294772700_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38395","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.5c11008","article-title":"Biomass-Derived Polysilsesquioxane Nanofilament Reinforced Porous Aerogel for Durable Passive Radiative Cooling across All Day and Weather Conditions","volume":"19","author":"Xu","year":"2025","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"20","key":"2026092323294772700_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19384","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.5c03434","article-title":"Triple-Scale Structure-Induced Efficient Passive Radiative Cooling Combining Robust Anticondensation","volume":"19","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026092323294772700_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202522922","article-title":"Photonic Inverse Opal-Enabled Seamless Interface of Bilayer Structure for Color Regulation and Robust Passive Radiative Cooling","volume":"38","author":"Wei","year":"2026","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026092323294772700_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2007.12.004","article-title":"The roles of garment design and scene complexity in the daytime conspicuity of high-visibility safety apparel","volume":"39","author":"Sayer","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Saf. Res."},{"issue":"46","key":"2026092323294772700_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202402349","article-title":"Colored Radiative Cooling and Flame-Retardant Polyurethane-Based Coatings: Selective Absorption\/Reflection in Solar Waveband","volume":"20","author":"Cai","year":"2024","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"2026092323294772700_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1038\/s41560-026-02039-0.","article-title":"One-step-processed bilayer ethyl cellulose for full-colour sub-ambient daytime radiative cooling","volume":"11","author":"Liu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nat. Energy"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026092323294772700_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1328","DOI":"10.1038\/s41893-025-01657-y","article-title":"Photoluminescent radiative cooling for aesthetic and urban comfort","volume":"8","author":"Fu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Sustain."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026092323294772700_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202412902","article-title":"Chameleon-Inspired, Dipole Moment-Increasing, Fire-Retardant Strategies Toward Promoting the Practical Application of Radiative Cooling Materials","volume":"35","author":"Cai","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"issue":"12","key":"2026092323294772700_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4925","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.2c01570","article-title":"Photonic-Structure Colored Radiative Coolers for Daytime Subambient Cooling","volume":"22","author":"Yu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nano Lett."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026092323294772700_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s42235-017-0001-9","article-title":"Biomimetic Photonic Structures with Tunable Structural Colours: From Natural to Biomimetic to Applications","volume":"15","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Bionic Eng."},{"issue":"22","key":"2026092323294772700_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adom.201800707","article-title":"Colored, Daytime Radiative Coolers with Thin-Film Resonators for Aesthetic Purposes","volume":"6","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Opt. Mater."},{"issue":"49","key":"2026092323294772700_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54676","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.2c15573","article-title":"Daytime Sub-Ambient Radiative Cooling with Vivid Structural Colors Mediated by Coupled Nanocavities","volume":"14","author":"Jin","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026092323294772700_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16277","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.2c23270","article-title":"Scalable Colored Subambient Radiative Coolers Based on a Polymer-Tamm Photonic Structure","volume":"15","author":"Huang","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"issue":"43","key":"2026092323294772700_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202511599","article-title":"Innovative Photon-Engineered Fluorescent Tri-Layer Polymeric Coatings for Sub-Ambient Colored Radiative Cooling","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"issue":"10","key":"2026092323294772700_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1900937","article-title":"Enhanced nonradiative relaxation and photoluminescence quenching in random, doped nanocrystalline powders","volume":"97","author":"Ruan","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Appl. Phys."},{"issue":"43","key":"2026092323294772700_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202504382","article-title":"Self-Stratifying Colored Radiative Cooling Paints Through Narrow-Band Color Preservation Scheme","volume":"37","author":"Feng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"25","key":"2026092323294772700_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8359","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.6c01941","article-title":"Machine Learning Inverse Design Reveals a Double Narrow-Band Absorption Approach for Effective Colored Radiative Cooling Paints","volume":"26","author":"Guo","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nano Lett."},{"issue":"9","key":"2026092323294772700_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0274824","article-title":"High visibility colored fabrics for normal trichromats and individuals with color vision defects in a sunset-simulated environment","volume":"17","author":"Iizuka","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"18","key":"2026092323294772700_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1874","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scib.2022.08.028","article-title":"Sub-ambient full-color passive radiative cooling under sunlight based on efficient quantum-dot photoluminescence","volume":"67","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Bull."},{"key":"2026092323294772700_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2023.146431","article-title":"Colored textiles based on noniridescent structural color of ZnS@SiO2 colloidal crystals for daytime passive radiative cooling","volume":"475","author":"Du","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"2026092323294772700_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccst.2022.100066","article-title":"A review of the development of colored radiative cooling surfaces","volume":"4","author":"Ding","year":"2022","journal-title":"Carbon Capt. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"17","key":"2026092323294772700_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aaz5413","article-title":"Colored and paintable bilayer coatings with high solar-infrared reflectance for efficient cooling","volume":"6","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"2026092323294772700_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.74745","article-title":"An Electrospun Purple Fabric for Personal Thermal Management","author":"Yang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Small"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026092323294772700_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xcrp.2025.102664","article-title":"A structural bioplastic metafilm for durable passive radiative cooling","volume":"6","author":"Hou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Rep. Phys. Sci."},{"issue":"31","key":"2026092323294772700_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20768","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.langmuir.5c02238","article-title":"Sustainable Radiative Cooling of Microstructure Modulated Flexible poly(lactic Acid) Films","volume":"41","author":"Fan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"issue":"45","key":"2026092323294772700_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202409473","article-title":"Hybrid Passive Cooling for Power Equipment Enabled by Metal-Organic Framework","volume":"36","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"19","key":"2026092323294772700_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28830","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.5c02529","article-title":"Adsorption-Induced Optical Modulation in ZIF Thin Film Stacks with Distinct Order for Photonic Crystal Applications","volume":"17","author":"Keppler","year":"2025","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"2026092323294772700_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adna.2026.02.004","article-title":"ZIF-67-driven synergistic strategies for high-performance flame retardant polymer nanocomposites","volume":"3","author":"Yuan","year":"2026","journal-title":"Adv. Nanocompos."},{"issue":"6412","key":"2026092323294772700_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aat9513","article-title":"Hierarchically porous polymer coatings for highly efficient passive daytime radiative cooling","volume":"362","author":"Mandal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026092323294772700_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1412","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.0c04241","article-title":"Designing Mesoporous Photonic Structures for High-Performance Passive Daytime Radiative Cooling","volume":"21","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nano Lett."},{"issue":"10","key":"2026092323294772700_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1630","DOI":"10.1016\/j.solmat.2010.05.019","article-title":"Chromaticity and optical properties of colored and black solar\u2013thermal absorbing coatings","volume":"94","author":"Zhu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells"},{"key":"2026092323294772700_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adna.2026.02.002","article-title":"Smart optical nanocomposites enabled by refractive index engineering","volume":"3","author":"Zhuo","year":"2026","journal-title":"Adv. Nanocompos."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026092323294772700_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smtd.202401141","article-title":"Metal-Organic Frameworks as a Thermal Emitter for High-Performance Passive Radiative Cooling","volume":"9","author":"Lam","year":"2025","journal-title":"Small Methods"}],"container-title":["ACS Applied Materials &amp; Interfaces"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acsami.6c12121","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/aamick\/article-pdf\/18\/36\/49894\/68007217\/am-2026-12121s.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/aamick\/article-pdf\/18\/36\/49894\/68007217\/am-2026-12121s.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T08:10:47Z","timestamp":1790237447000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/aamick\/article\/18\/36\/49894\/5386171\/Colored-Sandwich-Structured-Metafabrics-for"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"36","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsami.6c12121","relation":{},"ISSN":["1944-8244","1944-8252"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1944-8244","type":"print"},{"value":"1944-8252","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]]}}}