{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T09:00:27Z","timestamp":1790240427711,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"36","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788307200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788307200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788307200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["6247031195"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6247031195"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023A1515012733"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023A1515012733"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Organic\u2013inorganic hybrid perovskites are highly susceptible to oxidative degradation under illumination and oxygen exposure. The primary degradation mechanism involves photogenerated electrons reducing adsorbed oxygen to form highly reactive superoxide radicals (O2\u2022\u2013). These radicals not only initiate lattice iodide loss and organic cation volatilization but also produce hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as a dismutation byproduct, which further accelerates material decomposition and severely compromises long-term stability. Here, we introduce the biomimetic enzyme mimetic EUK-134 into the perovskite precursor solution, which possesses dual superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities. It effectively scavenges O2\u2022\u2013 and decomposes H2O2, blocking the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated degradation pathway. Concurrently, the Cl\u2013 ions from EUK-134 modulate perovskite crystallization and fill iodide vacancies, whereas the phenolic oxygen groups passivate undercoordinated Pb2+ sites. This synergistic effect achieves a champion power conversion efficiency of 24.48%. Notably, the unencapsulated device retains 90.39% of its initial efficiency after 2000 h of aging in nitrogen and maintains 75.45% after 1000 h under ambient conditions (25 \u00b0C, RH \u2248 40\u201360%, room light), significantly outperforming the control device. This work provides a reliable and powerful strategy for fabricating highly stable and long-lived photovoltaic devices.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.6c12682","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T17:48:39Z","timestamp":1788457719000},"page":"49175-49184","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Biomimetic EUK-134 Synergy Strategy for Dynamic Cyclic Antioxidant Defense and Defect Passivation in Perovskite Solar Cells"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Tong","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"South China University of Technology , , ,","place":["Guangzhou, China, 510640"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6933-2218","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yuan","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South China University of Technology , , ,","place":["Guangzhou, China, 510640"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuning","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South China University of Technology , , ,","place":["Guangzhou, China, 510640"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaochun","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South China University of Technology , , ,","place":["Guangzhou, China, 510640"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0923-2321","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Huangzhong","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South China University of Technology , , ,","place":["Guangzhou, China, 510640"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adx1745","article-title":"Electron accumulation across the perovskite layer enhances tandem solar cells with textured silicon","volume":"390","author":"Er-raji","year":"2025","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-026-02494-w","article-title":"Crystal-facet-directed all-vacuum-deposited perovskite solar cells","volume":"25","author":"Shen","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nat. Mater."},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40820-025-02022-6","article-title":"Key Advancements and Emerging Trends of Perovskite Solar Cells in 2024-2025","volume":"18","author":"Shen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nano Micro Lett."},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit4","article-title":"The issues on the commercialization of perovskite solar cells","volume":"3","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mater. Futur."},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8208","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201503153","article-title":"The Role of Oxygen in the Degradation of Methylammonium Lead Trihalide Perovskite Photoactive Layers","volume":"54","author":"Aristidou","year":"2015","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms15218","article-title":"Fast oxygen diffusion and iodide defects mediate oxygen-induced degradation of perovskite solar cells","volume":"8","author":"Aristidou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/solr.201800022","article-title":"Laser Desorption\/Ionization Mass Spectrometry of Perovskite Solar Cells: Identification of Interface Interactions and Degradation Reactions","volume":"2","author":"Sultana","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sol. RRL"},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9013","DOI":"10.1021\/jp053420p","article-title":"Infrared Spectra of M(OH)1,2,4 (M = Pb, Sn) in Solid Argon","volume":"109","author":"Wang","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. A"},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9042","DOI":"10.1039\/C7TA01091E","article-title":"Ab initio study of the role of oxygen and excess electrons in the degradation of CH3NH3PbI3","volume":"5","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. A"},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2716","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joule.2019.08.006","article-title":"Oxidative Passivation of Metal Halide Perovskites","volume":"3","author":"Godding","year":"2019","journal-title":"Joule"},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adw1437","article-title":"A rapid self-healing polymer mediated by ion aggregates achieves effective encapsulation of sustainable perovskite solar cells","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.esci.2025.100451","article-title":"Chemical inhibition of light-induced decomposition by hindered amine for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells","volume":"6","author":"Su","year":"2026","journal-title":"eScience"},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202505914","article-title":"Natural Antioxidant-Inspired Interfacial Engineering for Stable and High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells","author":"Choi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Energy Mater."},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2073","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.34546","article-title":"Reactive oxygen\/nitrogen species (ROS\/RNS) and oxidative stress in arthroplasty","volume":"108","author":"Hameister","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater. Res., Part B"},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2499","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-023-03562-9","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species, toxicity, oxidative stress, and antioxidants: chronic diseases and aging","volume":"97","author":"Jomova","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arch. Toxicol."},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0022-202X.2004.22215.x","article-title":"A Synthetic Superoxide Dismutase\/Catalase Mimetic (EUK-134) Inhibits Membrane-Damage-Induced Activation of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathways and Reduces p53 Accumulation in Ultraviolet B-Exposed Primary Human Keratinocytes","volume":"122","author":"Decraene","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1843.2009.01531.x","article-title":"Protective effects of a superoxide dismutase\/catalase mimetic compound against paraquat pneumotoxicity in rat lung","volume":"14","author":"Shopova","year":"2009","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202407186","article-title":"Chloride Engineering for Boosting Perovskite Photovoltaics: Impact on Precursor Coordination, Crystallization, and Film Quality","volume":"21","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202509764","article-title":"Modulating Surface Wettability and Defect States via Multifunctional Amphiphilic Organic Ionic Salts for Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells","volume":"36","author":"Ma","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202516450","article-title":"High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells Achieved through Synchronous Regulation of Crystallization and Carrier Dynamics via Amidoxime Additives","volume":"36","author":"Sun","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3418","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.8b00336","article-title":"Understanding Degradation Mechanisms and Improving Stability of Perovskite Photovoltaics","volume":"119","author":"Boyd","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202313154","article-title":"Photochemical Shield Enabling Highly Efficient Perovskite Photovoltaics","volume":"36","author":"Jin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9897","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.17.9897","article-title":"EUK-134, a synthetic superoxide dismutase and catalase mimetic, prevents oxidative stress and attenuates kainate-induced neuropathology","volume":"96","author":"Rong","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1042\/bj20020154","article-title":"Oxidation of nitric oxide by oxomanganese\u2212salen complexes: a new mechanism for cellular protection by superoxide dismutase\/catalase mimetics","volume":"366","author":"Sharpe","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3922","DOI":"10.15376\/biores.13.2.3922-3931","article-title":"Cooperative decomposition of hydrogen peroxide by lignin-combined transition metals in pulp bleaching","volume":"13","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"BioResources"},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jechem.2023.12.030","article-title":"Interfacial modification using the cross-linkable tannic acid for highly-efficient perovskite solar cells with excellent stability","volume":"91","author":"Gao","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Energy Chem."},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202520372","article-title":"Multifunctional Organic Bridge at Self-Assembled Molecule\/Perovskite Interface Enables High-Performance Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells","volume":"36","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202522445","article-title":"Crystallization Phase Transition and Buried Interface Modulate via Bifunctional Organic Ligands toward Efficient and Stable Inverted MA\/Br-Free Perovskite Solar Cells","volume":"36","author":"Yu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.26599\/NR.2025.94908049","article-title":"Star-shaped bridge-linking polymer for robust buried interface in high-efficiency and stable perovskite solar cells","volume":"19","author":"Wu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nano Res."},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.ady5703","article-title":"Crystallization-activated moisture barrier for high-tolerance manufacturing of perovskite solar cells","volume":"11","author":"Ma","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.70966","article-title":"Interface Engineering With Annealed MXene and SAM Molecules for High-Performance Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells","volume":"16","author":"Wei","year":"2026","journal-title":"Adv. Energy Mater."},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202520159","article-title":"Dual-Functionalized Bonding Management via Aromatic Formamidine Ligands Enables 2557%-Efficient Ambient-Printed Perovskite Solar Cells","volume":"65","author":"Liu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202507934","article-title":"Multifunctional Butylammonium Acetate Additive Regulates FAPbI3 Film Growth and Defect Passivation for Highly Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells with 2612% Efficiency","volume":"35","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202409497","article-title":"Buried Interface Engineering-Assisted Defects Control and Crystallization Manipulation Enables Stable Perovskite Solar Cells with Efficiency Exceeding 25%","volume":"34","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202506718","article-title":"Modulating Buried Passivation and Aligned Interface toward High-Performance Perovskite Modules","volume":"35","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aau5701","article-title":"A Eu3+-Eu2+ ion redox shuttle imparts operational durability to Pb-I perovskite solar cells","volume":"363","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-63776-6","article-title":"Stabilizing dual-phased perovskite towards high performance photovoltaics with enhanced batch stability and consistency","volume":"16","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sus2.241","article-title":"Inhibited superoxide-induced halide oxidation with a bioactive factor for stabilized inorganic perovskite solar cells","volume":"4","author":"Duan","year":"2024","journal-title":"SusMat"},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202526679","article-title":"Approaching 26% Efficiency in Inverted FAPbI3 Perovskite Solar Cells Enabled by Tailored Fluoropyridine Derivative Additives","author":"Wu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joule.2025.101880","article-title":"Enhancing electron transport for efficiency -recorded HTL-free inverted perovskite solar cells by molecular complementary passivation","volume":"9","author":"Cai","year":"2025","journal-title":"Joule"},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1039\/d5ee04336k","article-title":"Blocking multifaceted degradation pathways via fluorinated hydrogen-bond armor for stable perovskite solar cells","volume":"19","author":"Gao","year":"2026","journal-title":"Energy Environ. Sci."},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1655","DOI":"10.1039\/c6ee00409a","article-title":"Light and oxygen induced degradation limits the operational stability of methylammonium lead triiodide perovskite solar cells","volume":"9","author":"Bryan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Energy Environ. Sci."},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2026.173913","article-title":"Phase-controlled crystallization strategy for stable cells prepared in air","volume":"531","author":"Zhang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40820-025-01846-6","article-title":"Self-Regulated Bilateral Anchoring Enables Efficient Charge Transport Pathways for High-Performance Rigid and Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells","volume":"17","author":"Zheng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nano Micro Lett."},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1983","DOI":"10.1039\/d5ee07050c","article-title":"Exploring a scalable route for efficient flexible perovskite solar cells via an amphiphilic cross-linkable monomer","volume":"19","author":"Xing","year":"2026","journal-title":"Energy Environ. Sci."},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202500708","article-title":"Minimizing Buried Interface Energy Losses with Post-Assembled Chelating Molecular Bridges for High-Performance and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells","volume":"37","author":"Yu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15659","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.5c04217","article-title":"Bifunctional Ligand Anchoring Modulates Colloidal Nucleation and Intermediate-Phase Crystallization for \u03b4-Phase-Suppressed High-Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells","volume":"25","author":"Gong","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nano Lett."},{"key":"2026092321465581300_cit48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2024.110513","article-title":"A X-bit optimized 2D solid solution Ti3CNTx MXene as the electron transport layer toward high-performance perovskite solar cells","volume":"133","author":"Wei","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nano Energy"}],"container-title":["ACS Applied Materials &amp; Interfaces"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acsami.6c12682","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/aamick\/article-pdf\/18\/36\/49175\/68239308\/am-2026-12682u.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/aamick\/article-pdf\/18\/36\/49175\/68239308\/am-2026-12682u.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T08:10:02Z","timestamp":1790237402000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/aamick\/article\/18\/36\/49175\/5408601\/Biomimetic-EUK-134-Synergy-Strategy-for-Dynamic"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"36","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsami.6c12682","relation":{},"ISSN":["1944-8244","1944-8252"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1944-8244","type":"print"},{"value":"1944-8252","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]]}}}