{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T18:38:41Z","timestamp":1793299121829,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"42","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792108800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Horizon 2020 European Commission (EC)","award":["818615-MIX2FIX"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["818615-MIX2FIX"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00k4n6c32","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Artificial dendrites, capable of nonlinear signal integration, are key building blocks for next-generation neuromorphic hardware, yet their realization in soft, solution-processed materials remains hindered by instability and poorly controlled ion dynamics. Here, we report an artificial dendrite element based on a vertically orchestrated ITO\/Ag nanoparticle (NP)\/hBN\/(PEA)2MA4Pb5I16\/Pt NPS\/ITO heterostructure, where a monolayer hBN barrier governs metal-ion injection with atomic precision. The hBN-mediated field redistribution enables graded and time-dependent filament initiation within the oriented two-dimensional (2D) Ruddlesden\u2013Popper perovskite, producing highly nonlinear current integration analogous to excitatory postsynaptic potentials. Under consecutively correlated stimuli, the device exhibits hallmark dendritic behaviors\u2014temporal summation, threshold-dependent firing, refractory period, and wavelength-sensitive integration\u2014arising from controlled Ag+ accumulation and reversible filament branching. The devices operate at \u223c1 V, demonstrate stable and reproducible transient responses over &amp;gt;1011 cycles, and retain robust performance under mechanical deformation. Complementary physics-based numerical modeling and Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations elucidate the influence of hBN on Ag+ diffusivity, as well as on filament formation. The dendritic neurons can efficiently encode velocity and direction, enabling compact feature maps for accurate motion classification and trajectory tracking. Our results introduce a promising material platform for high-density, energy-efficient neuromorphic processors capable of bio-inspired spatiotemporal learning.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.6c13400","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T15:01:47Z","timestamp":1792162907000},"page":"57883-57901","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Flexible 2D Perovskite\u2013hBN Optoelectronic Dendritic Neurons for Energy-Efficient Information Processing"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5395-0777","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Panagiotis","family":"Bousoulas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Technical University of Athens , , Iroon Polytechniou 9 , , ,","place":["Athens, Zographou, Greece, 15780"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Spyros","family":"Orfanoudakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Technical University of Athens , , Iroon Polytechniou 9 , , ,","place":["Athens, Zographou, Greece, 15780"]},{"name":"NCSR Demokritos , , ,","place":["Athens, Greece, 15341"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilias","family":"Cheliotis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Technical University of Athens , , Iroon Polytechniou 9 , , ,","place":["Athens, Zographou, Greece, 15780"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2744-5934","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nikolaos","family":"Chalmpes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cornell University , , , ,","place":["Ithaca, New York, United States, 14853"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chalalampos","family":"Tsioustas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Technical University of Athens , , Iroon Polytechniou 9 , , ,","place":["Athens, Zographou, Greece, 15780"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myrto","family":"Nikolopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Technical University of Athens , , Iroon Polytechniou 9 , , ,","place":["Athens, Zographou, Greece, 15780"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roupen","family":"Vartian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NCSR Demokritos , , ,","place":["Athens, Greece, 15341"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Panagiotis","family":"Oikonomopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , , ,","place":["Athens, Greece, 15771"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9064-9601","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Polychronis","family":"Tsipas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NCSR Demokritos , , ,","place":["Athens, Greece, 15341"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9893-7867","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Panagiotis","family":"Dallas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Hellenic Research Foundation , , ,","place":["Athens, Greece, 11635"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amaia","family":"Zurutuza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graphenea Semiconductor , Paseo Mikeletegi 83 , ,","place":["San Sebasti\u00e1n, Spain, 20009"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Athanassios G.","family":"Kontos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Technical University of Athens , , Iroon Polytechniou 9 , , ,","place":["Athens, Zographou, Greece, 15780"]},{"name":"NCSR Demokritos , , ,","place":["Athens, Greece, 15341"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonidas","family":"Tsetseris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Technical University of Athens , , Iroon Polytechniou 9 , , ,","place":["Athens, Zographou, Greece, 15780"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6341-4495","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ioanna","family":"Zergioti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Technical University of Athens , , Iroon Polytechniou 9 , , ,","place":["Athens, Zographou, Greece, 15780"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel P.","family":"Giannelis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cornell University , , , ,","place":["Ithaca, New York, United States, 14853"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Stergiopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NCSR Demokritos , , 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