{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T03:33:51Z","timestamp":1793244831179,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"40","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791158400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791158400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791158400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004052","name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BAS\/1\/1415-01-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BAS\/1\/1415-01-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004052","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Excessive solar heat gain through transparent enclosures is a critical challenge for buildings, vehicles, and greenhouse agriculture, particularly in hot-arid regions where indoor overheating increases the demand for energy- and water-intensive cooling. Herein, we report an interpenetrating-network thermoresponsive hydrogel smart window that passively regulates greenhouse heat gain through thermochromic solar modulation and nanomaterial-enabled near-infrared attenuation. The incorporation of Cs0.33WO3 nanoparticles into the hydrogel endows it with strong near-infrared (NIR) absorption, blocking 89.6% of incident NIR radiation and promoting rapid thermochromic switching under solar illumination. As a result, the hydrogel window delivers high solar transmittance modulation capability (37.5%) while maintaining large luminous transmittance (74.3%), allowing sufficient transmission of visible light for plant photosynthesis. Additionally, a gel\u2212air bilayer architecture is designed to enhance thermal insulation under hot-arid conditions. Greenhouse cultivation in Saudi Arabia is employed as a practical testbed to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed solar management strategy. The proposed hydrogel smart window reduces soil temperature in a greenhouse by up to 12 \u00b0C and improves crop yield by 66.7% compared with conventional plastic panels. Overall, this work establishes a passive, climate-adaptive smart-window strategy for thermal management in greenhouses and sustainable crop production in extreme environments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.6c14743","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T16:02:48Z","timestamp":1791216168000},"page":"54919-54930","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Near Infrared-Blocking Thermochromic Hydrogel Smart Windows for Passive Solar Heat Control"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-7406-4261","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yaoyao","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology , , ,","place":["Thuwal, Saudi Arabia, 23955-6900"]},{"name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology , , ,","place":["Thuwal, Saudi Arabia, 23955-6900"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiake","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology , , ,","place":["Thuwal, Saudi Arabia, 23955-6900"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-2484-4857","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sunmiao","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology , , ,","place":["Thuwal, Saudi Arabia, 23955-6900"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology , , ,","place":["Thuwal, Saudi Arabia, 23955-6900"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4780-4367","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jingxia","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100190"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebekah","family":"Waller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology , , ,","place":["Thuwal, Saudi Arabia, 23955-6900"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiaoqiang","family":"Gan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology , , ,","place":["Thuwal, Saudi Arabia, 23955-6900"]},{"name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology , , ,","place":["Thuwal, Saudi Arabia, 23955-6900"]},{"name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology , , ,","place":["Thuwal, Saudi Arabia, 23955-6900"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2026101406071255300_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7874","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-52028-8","article-title":"Inequalities in global residential cooling energy use to 2050","volume":"15","author":"Falchetta","year":"2050","journal-title":"Nat. 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