{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T14:33:54Z","timestamp":1793025234501,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"41","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791417600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791417600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791417600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009576","name":"Nantong Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["QN2025013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["QN2025013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009576","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004731","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LR24H150001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LR24H150001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004731","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)","award":["82472550"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82472550"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University","award":["BSH202613"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BSH202613"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/001rahr89","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University","award":["RCYJ2026009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RCYJ2026009"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/001rahr89","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Chronic wound healing remains a persistent challenge clinically, particularly in diabetic wounds, where hyperglycemia drives sustained activation of the AGE\u2013RAGE-associated signaling within the wound bed, precipitating excessive ROS generation and persistent inflammation that together stall tissue repair and erode quality of life. To address this, we developed a core\u2013shell microneedle (GS + IL-4@MN) patch loading Gymnema sylvestre (GS) extract and interleukin-4 (IL-4) as a promising therapeutic strategy. The patch comprised a 10 \u00d7 10 array of conical needles and the optimized shell-loading concentration of GS was determined to be 1.0 mg\/mL. The GS-loaded outer shell can suppress the release of pro-inflammatory mediators, scavenge ROS, and strengthen antioxidant defenses, thereby attenuating local inflammation; the IL-4-encapsulated core induces macrophage polarization toward the M2 phenotype, mitigates the pro-inflammatory microenvironment, and modulates T-cell immunity, while enhancing cellular proliferation and migration to support tissue regeneration. In diabetic wound models, GS + IL-4@MN achieved wound-closure rates of 64.72 \u00b1 6.3% at day 3 and 85.80 \u00b1 3.6% at day 7, and re-epithelialization reached 91.52 \u00b1 2.1% by day 14. Moreover, collagen deposition increased to 79.38 \u00b1 4.3%, CD31-positive neovascularization reached 70.50 \u00b1 3.7%, and the M1\/M2 ratio decreased to 0.3, indicating marked inflammatory resolution and regenerative activation. In summary, this core\u2013shell MN system achieves multidimensional regulation of the pathological microenvironment of diabetic wounds through a dual mechanism: outer-layer inflammatory suppression and inner-layer microenvironment reset, and offers a new avenue for promoting diabetic wound healing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.6c14857","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T07:01:49Z","timestamp":1791442909000},"page":"55930-55945","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Core-Shell Microneedle Patches Co-Loaded with Gymnema Sylvestre Extract and IL-4 Accelerate Diabetic Wound Repair via Inflammatory Microenvironment Remodeling"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Jingye","family":"Yao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University , , , ,","place":["Nantong, Jiangsu, China, 226001"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingrong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University , , , ,","place":["Nantong, Jiangsu, China, 226001"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengnan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University , , , ,","place":["Nantong, Jiangsu, China, 226001"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhao","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University , , , ,","place":["Nantong, Jiangsu, China, 226001"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shentian","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University , , , ,","place":["Nantong, Jiangsu, China, 226001"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7905-3268","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shixuan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University , , , ,","place":["Nantong, Jiangsu, China, 226001"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuhui","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University , , , ,","place":["Nantong, Jiangsu, China, 226001"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University , , , ,","place":["Nantong, Jiangsu, China, 226001"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026102609073963600_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2025.112277","article-title":"Global Type 1 Diabetes Prevalence, Incidence, and Mortality Estimates 2025: Results from the International Diabetes Federation Atlas, 11th Edition, and the T1D Index Version 30","volume":"225","author":"Ogle","year":"2025","journal-title":"Diabetes Res. 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