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However, its performance is severely limited by low photocurrent density (Jph) and high onset potential (Von). Although high-valence metal doping can boost Jph, it usually shifts Von positively. Herein, we report an unconventional strategy that utilizes wurtzite-type cobalt sulfide (w-CoS) nanocrystals, synthesized via cation exchange, to modify Nb-doped hematite (Nb:Fe2O3) photoanodes. This approach simultaneously achieves two beneficial effects: enhancing Jph and reducing Von. More importantly, w-CoS nanocrystals form a type-II heterojunction with Nb:Fe2O3, which facilitates the spatial separation and interfacial transfer of photogenerated carriers, with electrons preferentially directed toward Nb:Fe2O3 and holes toward the w-CoS-modified surface for water oxidation. As a result, the optimized Nb:Fe2O3\/w-CoS photoanode delivers a Jph of 3.46 mA cm\u20132 at 1.23 VRHE, along with a cathodic Von shift of \u223c140 mV. This surface engineering strategy demonstrates broad universality across various hematite-based photoanodes, offering a distinct pathway for the design of efficient photoelectrodes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.6c15175","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T17:02:05Z","timestamp":1790960525000},"page":"54944-54956","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cation-Exchange-Derived Wurtzite-Type Cobalt Sulfide Nanocrystal Improves Both Onset Potential and Photocurrent of Hematite Photoanode for Efficient Solar Water Splitting"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Weicong","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sichuan University , , ,","place":["Chengdu, China, 610065"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sichuan University , , ,","place":["Chengdu, China, 610065"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sichuan University , , ,","place":["Chengdu, China, 610065"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luyang","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sichuan University , , ,","place":["Chengdu, China, 610065"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi-Feng","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pangang Group Research Institute Co., Ltd. , , , ,","place":["Panzhihua, Sichuan, China, 617000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7097-0892","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Junze","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sichuan University , , ,","place":["Chengdu, China, 610065"]},{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education , ,","place":["Chengdu, China, 610065"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7599-3869","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hemin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sichuan University , , ,","place":["Chengdu, China, 610065"]},{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education , ,","place":["Chengdu, China, 610065"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"16","key":"2026101406065713100_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abl9250","article-title":"Novel quantification of regional fossil fuel CO2 reductions during COVID-19 lockdowns using atmospheric oxygen measurements","volume":"8","author":"Pickers","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. 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