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Here, we present a carbon nitride-driven phase transformation strategy for a durable energy-storing electrochromic hydrated tungsten oxide. Under mild hydrogen annealing, orthorhombic WO3\u00b7H2O nanoplates containing an optimized 10 wt % carbon nitride (CNx) selectively transform into predominantly hexagonal WO3\u00b70.33H2O nanorods (\u223c80%), accompanied by a relatively minor orthorhombic fraction (\u223c20%). The CNx promotes structural rearrangement while providing nitrogen-rich Li+-interactive sites that regulate interfacial ion transport and improve electrochemical reversibility. Supported by density functional theory, impedance, diffusion, and postcycling analyses, the optimized WHX-CNx10% film shows favorable Li+ insertion, improved charge-transfer kinetics, and excellent structural retention. The air spray-coated film in 3-electrode system delivers 57% optical modulation at 650 nm, coloration\/bleaching times of 2.9\/0.6 s, stable cycling over 20,000 cycles, and an areal capacitance of 16.9 mF\/cm2. A 5 \u00d7 5 cm2 device further exhibits optical modulation of 52% at 650 nm with a coloration efficiency of \u223c156 cm2\/C. These results establish CNx-mediated phase and interface engineering as an effective route toward scalable, durable, and energy-storing electrochromic smart windows.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.6c15458","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T19:01:20Z","timestamp":1792522880000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Interface Engineering of Hydrated Tungsten Oxide via Carbon Nitride for Durable Electrochromic Energy Storage"],"prefix":"10.1021","author":[{"given":"Himanshu","family":"Nath","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi , , ,","place":["New Delhi, India, 110016"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4957-6361","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alok","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi , , ,","place":["New Delhi, India, 110016"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-4990-8748","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nikhil","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi , , ,","place":["New Delhi, India, 110016"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lavanya Singh","family":"Malik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi , , ,","place":["New Delhi, India, 110016"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dibyajyoti","family":"Ghosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi , , ,","place":["New Delhi, India, 110016"]},{"name":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi , , ,","place":["New Delhi, India, 110016"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6819-2748","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ritu","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi , , ,","place":["New Delhi, India, 110016"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026102015011505200_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10046","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.5c17894","article-title":"Plasmon-Enhanced Electrochromism in Au Nanorod\/WO3\u00b7H2O Hybrids for High-Performance Near-Infrared Smart Windows","volume":"18","author":"Nath","year":"2026","journal-title":"ACS Appl. 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