{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T22:05:33Z","timestamp":1788559533755,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,9]],"date-time":"2021-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615248000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,9]],"date-time":"2021-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615248000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,9]],"date-time":"2021-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615248000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F&#x00F6;rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P2FRP2_181437"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P2FRP2_181437"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000774","name":"Defense Threat Reduction Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1-18-1-0052"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1-18-1-0052"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000774","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32 GM008720"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32 GM008720"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01AI124286"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01AI124286"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CHE-1901635"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CHE-1901635"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DMR-2011854"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DMR-2011854"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,12]]},"DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.0c01618","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,9]],"date-time":"2021-03-09T16:53:45Z","timestamp":1615308825000},"page":"1450-1461","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["<i>In Vitro<\/i>\n                    and\n                    <i>in Vivo<\/i>\n                    Analyses of the Effects of Source, Length, and Charge on the Cytotoxicity and Immunocompatibility of Cellulose Nanocrystals"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Adam M.","family":"Weiss","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States"},{"name":"Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5072-7441","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nicholas","family":"Macke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yefei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9line","family":"Calvino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1273-0951","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Aaron P.","family":"Esser-Kahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8176-0594","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Stuart J.","family":"Rowan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States"},{"name":"Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States"},{"name":"Chemical and Engineering Sciences, Argonne National Laboratory 9700 Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1\/cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cr900339w"},{"key":"ref2\/cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bm700769p"},{"key":"ref3\/cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C3TA13653A"},{"key":"ref4\/cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.progpolymsci.2020.101221"},{"key":"ref5\/cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/polb.23490"},{"key":"ref6\/cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2017.01.077"},{"key":"ref7\/cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.macromol.8b00733"},{"key":"ref8\/cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2020.116039"},{"key":"ref9\/cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpolymj.2014.07.025"},{"key":"ref10\/cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bm500524s"},{"key":"ref11\/cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.biomac.7b00306"},{"key":"ref12\/cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.biomac.8b01313"},{"key":"ref13\/cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10570-014-0339-7"},{"key":"ref14\/cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0885328214547091"},{"key":"ref15\/cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2020.115974"},{"key":"ref16\/cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2560\/11\/5\/056014"},{"key":"ref17\/cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2015.11.001"},{"key":"ref18\/cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1557\/mrs.2012.97"},{"key":"ref19\/cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acssuschemeng.9b02744"},{"key":"ref20\/cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bm401593n"},{"key":"ref21\/cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bm800925x"},{"key":"ref22\/cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C5PY00466G"},{"key":"ref23\/cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10570-013-9954-y"},{"key":"ref24\/cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.biomac.7b00219"},{"key":"ref25\/cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja076196l"},{"key":"ref26\/cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.9b00522"},{"key":"ref27\/cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.6b00555"},{"key":"ref28\/cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2017.02.004"},{"key":"ref29\/cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2012.12.013"},{"key":"ref30\/cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2008.111"},{"key":"ref31\/cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2005.08.011"},{"key":"ref32\/cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1015967017103"},{"key":"ref33\/cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/sc500153k"},{"key":"ref34\/cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.biomac.5b00055"},{"key":"ref35\/cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S1793984412410061"},{"key":"ref36\/cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/am1006222"},{"key":"ref37\/cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrep.2015.08.008"},{"key":"ref38\/cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10570-016-0947-5"},{"key":"ref39\/cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10570-011-9527-x"},{"key":"ref40\/cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.biomac.5b00805"},{"key":"ref41\/cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10570-020-03176-9"},{"key":"ref42\/cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ma300463y"},{"key":"ref43\/cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.08.049"},{"key":"ref44\/cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bm8010903"},{"key":"ref45\/cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10570-006-9075-y"},{"key":"ref46\/cit46","unstructured":"Olkowski, A. A.; Laarveld, B.; Arrison, N. Catalytic Biomass Conversion. U.S. Patent 2017\/0016179A1, January 19 2017."},{"key":"ref47\/cit47","unstructured":"McAlpine, S.; Nakoneshny, J. Production of Crystalline Cellulose. W.O. Patent PCT\/CA2017\/050096, August 3 2017."},{"key":"ref48\/cit48","unstructured":"Dahl, E. K.; Krumdick, G.; Pupek, K. Methods of Producing Cellulose Nanocrystals. U.S. Patent 2019\/0367704 A1, December 5 2019."},{"key":"ref49\/cit49","unstructured":"Rowan, S. J.; Hunsen, M.; Way, A. Method for Production of Cellulose Nanocrystals from Miscanthus Giganteus and Composites Therefrom. U.S. Patent 100,005,78 B2, June 19, 2018."},{"key":"ref50\/cit50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1754-6834-3-10"},{"key":"ref51\/cit51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10570-013-0030-4"},{"key":"ref52\/cit52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/nnm.15.196"},{"key":"ref53\/cit53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bm034519+"},{"key":"ref54\/cit54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1351\/pac200577101753"},{"key":"ref55\/cit55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01177736"},{"key":"ref56\/cit56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10570-012-9684-6"},{"key":"ref57\/cit57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.04.094"},{"key":"ref58\/cit58","unstructured":"U.S. Pharmacopiea and National Foundry\n(USP31-NF26).\n                      Transfusion and Infusion\nAssemblies and\nSimilar Medical Devices\n                      ; U.S. Pharmacopeial\nConvention: Rockville, MD, 2011."},{"key":"ref59\/cit59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-8977-9-41"},{"key":"ref60\/cit60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/nnm.10.29"},{"key":"ref61\/cit61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.0c00806"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref62\/cit62","first-page":"339","volume":"15","author":"Marilena L.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur. Cytokine Netw."},{"key":"ref63\/cit63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.30512"},{"key":"ref64\/cit64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.supflu.2010.09.010"},{"key":"ref65\/cit65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2005.02.010"},{"key":"ref66\/cit66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.6b00473"},{"key":"ref67\/cit67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.8b12205"},{"key":"ref68\/cit68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2010.09.002"}],"container-title":["ACS Biomaterials Science &amp; Engineering"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.0c01618","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,25]],"date-time":"2023-04-25T04:17:27Z","timestamp":1682396247000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.0c01618"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,9]]},"references-count":68,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.0c01618"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.0c01618","relation":{},"ISSN":["2373-9878","2373-9878"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2373-9878","type":"print"},{"value":"2373-9878","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,9]]}}}