{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T19:46:05Z","timestamp":1792784765042,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785369600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"INTBIOTECH NSERC-CREATE studentship"},{"name":"Canada Research Chair (Tier 1) in Biomaterials and Stem Cells in Ophthalmology","award":["No. 950-232398"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 950-232398"]}]},{"name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)","award":["Grant No. 391487"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant No. 391487"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01gavpb45","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health (NIH)","award":["R00 EY031373"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R00 EY031373"]}]},{"name":"R?seau de recherche en sant? de la vision (RRSV)"},{"name":"Fonds de recherche du Qu?bec-Sant? (FRQS) Ph.D. scholarships","award":["312263"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["312263"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00w3qhf76","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Terminal sterilization of hydrogels is challenging because their high-water-content, chemical structures, and cell-friendly properties are often altered by conventional sterilization methods. Hydrogel implants comprising collagen-like peptide (CLP), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and poly (2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) (MPC) showed promise in promoting corneal regeneration in preclinical animal studies. However, before these CLP-PEG-MPC implants can be used clinically, they must be sterilized effectively to ensure patient safety. Here, we evaluated supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) with peracetic acid (PAA) as a potential sterilization technique for hydrogels. CLP-PEG-MPC was treated with scCO2 containing PAA and compared against 15 kGy of electron beam irradiation (E-beam) and chloroform (CF) sterilization. Several samples were spiked with 200 colony-forming units (CFU) of either Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Staphylococcus aureus prior to sterilization to compare the bactericidal efficacy of the three sterilization methods. Only scCO2-PAA effectively inactivated all the inoculated bioburden. Non-spiked hydrogels were also sterilized and then compared for complement activation, changes to their physical and mechanical properties, and biocompatibility. Optical clarity was unchanged regardless of sterilization mode. scCO2-PAA did not alter the mechanical properties of the hydrogels but resulted in a modest lowering of corneal epithelial cell proliferation, while E-beamed hydrogels showed reduced mechanical strength. In conclusion, newer scCO2-PAA terminal sterilization preserves the functional properties of soft hydrogels, such as CLP-PEG-MPC, including transparency, which is needed for corneal implants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.6c00519","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T14:02:15Z","timestamp":1785852135000},"page":"5541-5549","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Supercritical Carbon Dioxide-Peracetic Acid Treatment Inactivates Low-Level Bacterial Inocula in Collagen Analogue-Phosphorylcholine Hydrogels while Preserving Functional Properties"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Hamid","family":"Goodarzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Montreal , , , ,","place":["Montreal, QC, Canada, H3T 1J4"]},{"name":"Centre de Recherche H\u00f4pital Maisonneuve-Rosemont , , ,","place":["Montreal, QC, Canada, H1T 2H2"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9999-0427","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mohammad Mirazul","family":"Islam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of New Mexico , , , ,","place":["Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States, 87106"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mostafa","family":"Zamani-Roudbaraki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Montreal , , , ,","place":["Montreal, QC, Canada, H3T 1J4"]},{"name":"Centre de Recherche H\u00f4pital Maisonneuve-Rosemont , , ,","place":["Montreal, QC, Canada, H1T 2H2"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Solange","family":"Muhayimana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Montreal , , , ,","place":["Montreal, QC, Canada, H3T 1J4"]},{"name":"Centre de Recherche H\u00f4pital Maisonneuve-Rosemont , , ,","place":["Montreal, QC, Canada, H1T 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,","place":["Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States, 87106"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Per H.","family":"Nilsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Linnaeus University , , ,","place":["Kalmar, Sweden, 392 31"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5100-6179","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Emilio I.","family":"Alarcon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ottawa , , , ,","place":["Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1H 8L1"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie-Claude","family":"Robert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche H\u00f4pital Maisonneuve-Rosemont , , ,","place":["Montreal, QC, Canada, H1T 2H2"]},{"name":"Centre de recherche Centre Hospitalier de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al , , ,","place":["Montreal, QC, Canada, H2X 0A9"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3892-8483","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Christos","family":"Boutopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Montreal , , , ,","place":["Montreal, QC, Canada, H3T 1J4"]},{"name":"Centre de Recherche H\u00f4pital Maisonneuve-Rosemont , , ,","place":["Montreal, QC, Canada, H1T 2H2"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"May","family":"Griffith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Montreal , , , ,","place":["Montreal, QC, Canada, H3T 1J4"]},{"name":"Centre de Recherche H\u00f4pital Maisonneuve-Rosemont , , ,","place":["Montreal, QC, Canada, H1T 2H2"]},{"name":"Centre de recherche Centre Hospitalier de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al , , ,","place":["Montreal, QC, Canada, H2X 0A9"]},{"name":"University of Ottawa , , , ,","place":["Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1H 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Biotechnol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026101202062469300_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering7040155","article-title":"Three Decades of Research on Recombinant Collagens: Reinventing the Wheel or Developing New Biomedical Products?","volume":"7","author":"Fertala","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bioengineering"},{"key":"2026101202062469300_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2018.01.011","article-title":"Short peptide analogs as alternatives to collagen in pro-regenerative corneal implants","volume":"69","author":"Jangamreddy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"issue":"61","key":"2026101202062469300_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55745","DOI":"10.1039\/C6RA08895C","article-title":"Self-assembled collagen-like-peptide implants as alternatives to human donor corneal","volume":"6","author":"Islam","year":"2016","journal-title":"transplantation. 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Macromol."},{"key":"2026101202062469300_cit28","volume-title":"Guidance for Industry: Pyrogen and Endotoxins Testing \u2014 Questions and Answers","author":"U.S. Food and Drug Administration","year":"2012"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026101202062469300_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1038\/cr.2009.139","article-title":"Complement and its role in innate and adaptive immune responses","volume":"20","author":"Dunkelberger","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cell Res."},{"key":"2026101202062469300_cit30"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026101202062469300_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2472","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.34048","article-title":"Sterilization of hydrogels for biomedical applications: A review","volume":"106","author":"Galante","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater. 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