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This paper presents a single-cell nanoencapsulation strategy that assembles protective Fe3+-benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate (BTC; trimesic acid) metal\u2014organic nanoshells around individual probiotics, including Lactobacillus acidophilus, to create cell-in-shell nanobiohybrids. Nanoencapsulated cells exhibit markedly enhanced viability relative to native counterparts under diverse gastrointestinal stressors. Under strongly acidic conditions (pH 2.0), cell-in-shell nanobiohybrids retain 7.45 log CFU\/mL after 3 h, compared with 6.00 log CFU\/mL for native cells, while maintaining 7.09 log CFU\/mL in simulated gastric fluid where native cells are completely inactivated. Enhanced tolerance is also observed under tetracycline exposure (7.59 vs 7.00 log CFU\/mL) and bile salts-trypsin treatment (6.88 vs 4.00 log CFU\/mL). The Fe3+-BTC nanoshells provide a cytocompatible platform that enhances probiotic resilience against multiple gastrointestinal stressors and is broadly applicable to other therapeutically relevant cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.6c00962","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T22:01:06Z","timestamp":1790805666000},"page":"5443-5449","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Single-Cell Nanoencapsulation of Probiotics within Fe3+-Trimesic Acid Nanoshells for Effective Cytoprotection against Gastrointestinal Insults"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Mi Jin","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hannam University , , ,","place":["Daejeon, Republic of Korea, 34054"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang Yeong","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KAIST , , ,","place":["Daejeon, Republic of Korea, 34141"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang Eun","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hannam University , , ,","place":["Daejeon, Republic of Korea, 34054"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9546-673X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Insung S.","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KAIST , , ,","place":["Daejeon, Republic of Korea, 34141"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kuk Ro","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hannam University , , ,","place":["Daejeon, Republic of Korea, 34054"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026101202071663800_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1541-4337.13322","article-title":"Oral Delivery of Probiotics Using Single-Cell Encapsulation","volume":"23","author":"Han","year":"2024","journal-title":"Compr. 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