{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T20:02:17Z","timestamp":1790366537460,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774310400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003339","name":"Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JAEICU_24_00882"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JAEICU_24_00882"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003339","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014440","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IJC2020-043482-I"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IJC2020-043482-I"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014440","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RyC2023-042477-I"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RyC2023-042477-I"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010665","name":"H2020 Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["841089"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["841089"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100031478","name":"NextGenerationEU","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100031478","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI24\/00630"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI24\/00630"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) inhibit autophagy and have shown promise as adjuvant anticancer agents, particularly for targeting therapy-resistant cancer stem cells (CSCs). However, their clinical utility is limited by systemic toxicity and poor tumor selectivity. Here, we report the design, synthesis, and photochemical evaluation of [7-(diethylamino)coumarin-4-yl]methyl (DEACM)-caged CQ and HCQ derivatives as visible-light-activated autophagy inhibitors. Selective caging of the aliphatic amine suppressed biological activity in the dark and enabled rapid release of the parent drugs upon illumination. The lead compound 1C displayed robust light-dependent cytotoxicity across multiple cancer cell lines and, upon photoactivation, recapitulated CQ\u2019s effects on LC3-II accumulation. In CSC-enriched tumorspheres, 1C completely abolished sphere formation only if illuminated. Ex vivo and in vivo studies confirmed that visible light penetrates tumor tissue sufficiently to activate 1C and locally release CQ within the tumor. These findings establish the first proof of concept for light-controlled autophagy inhibition and provide a blueprint for spatiotemporally confined anticancer therapies based on photopharmacological modulation of CSCs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acschembio.5c00962","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T07:53:40Z","timestamp":1774338820000},"page":"710-721","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Photocaged Chloroquine Derivatives for the Light-Dependent\nInhibition of Autophagy in Cancer Stem Cells"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Sofi\u0301a","family":"Alonso-Manresa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC\u2212CSIC) , , Jordi Girona 18-26 , ,","place":["Barcelona, Spain, 08034"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carme","family":"Serra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC\u2212CSIC) , , Jordi Girona 18-26 , ,","place":["Barcelona, Spain, 08034"]},{"name":"Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC\u2212CSIC) , , Jordi Girona 18-26 , ,","place":["Barcelona, Spain, 08034"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lourdes","family":"Mun\u0303oz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC\u2212CSIC) , , Jordi Girona 18-26 , ,","place":["Barcelona, Spain, 08034"]},{"name":"Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC\u2212CSIC) , , Jordi Girona 18-26 , ,","place":["Barcelona, Spain, 08034"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Bataller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vall d\u2019Hebron Research Institute (VHIR) , , ,","place":["Barcelona, Spain, 08035"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoelsis","family":"Garcia-Mayea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vall d\u2019Hebron Research Institute (VHIR) , , ,","place":["Barcelona, Spain, 08035"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matilde Esther","family":"Lleonart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vall d\u2019Hebron Research Institute (VHIR) , , ,","place":["Barcelona, Spain, 08035"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Belen","family":"Garcia Prats","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vall d\u2019Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Vall d\u2019Hebron University Hospital , , Vall d\u2019Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Passeig de la Vall d\u2019Hebron, 119-129 , ,","place":["Barcelona, Spain, 08035"]},{"name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III , , ,","place":["Barcelona, Spain, 08035"]},{"name":"Vall d\u2019Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR) , , ,","place":["Barcelona, Spain, 08035"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Mancilla Zamora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vall d\u2019Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Vall d\u2019Hebron University Hospital , , Vall d\u2019Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Passeig de la Vall d\u2019Hebron, 119-129 , ,","place":["Barcelona, Spain, 08035"]},{"name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III , , ,","place":["Barcelona, Spain, 08035"]},{"name":"Vall d\u2019Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR) , , ,","place":["Barcelona, Spain, 08035"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zamira Vanessa","family":"Diaz Riascos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vall d\u2019Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Vall d\u2019Hebron University Hospital , , Vall d\u2019Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Passeig de la Vall d\u2019Hebron, 119-129 , ,","place":["Barcelona, Spain, 08035"]},{"name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III , , ,","place":["Barcelona, Spain, 08035"]},{"name":"Vall d\u2019Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR) , , ,","place":["Barcelona, Spain, 08035"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amadeu","family":"Llebaria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC\u2212CSIC) , , Jordi Girona 18-26 , ,","place":["Barcelona, Spain, 08034"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3275-9025","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Laia","family":"Josa-Cullere\u0301","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC\u2212CSIC) , , Jordi Girona 18-26 , ,","place":["Barcelona, Spain, 08034"]},{"name":"Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC\u2212CSIC) , , Jordi Girona 18-26 , ,","place":["Barcelona, Spain, 08034"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026092515092903900_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1946.02870160015006","article-title":"ACTIVITY OF A NEW ANTIMALARIAL\nAGENT, CHLOROQUINE (SN 7618): Statement Approved by the Board for\nCoordination of Malarial Studies","volume":"130","author":"Loeb","year":"1946","journal-title":"J. Am. Med.\nAssoc."},{"issue":"16","key":"2026092515092903900_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-020-0372-x","article-title":"Mechanisms of action of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine:\nimplications for rheumatology","volume":"2020","author":"Schrezenmeier","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"key":"2026092515092903900_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4885","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.03036-14","article-title":"Repurposing of Clinically\nDeveloped Drugs for Treatment of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome\nCoronavirus Infection","volume":"58","author":"Dyall","year":"2014","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"2026092515092903900_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422X-2-69","article-title":"Chloroquine is a\npotent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread","volume":"2","author":"Vincent","year":"2005","journal-title":"Virol. J."},{"key":"2026092515092903900_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2643","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612043383791","article-title":"Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine\nas Inhibitors of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV-1) Activity","volume":"10","author":"Romanelli","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr. Pharm. Des."},{"key":"2026092515092903900_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2023.110750","article-title":"Hydroxychloroquine:\nKey therapeutic advances and emerging nanotechnological landscape\nfor cancer mitigation","volume":"386","author":"Low","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chem. Biol. Interact."},{"key":"2026092515092903900_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.2174\/1574892815666210106111012","article-title":"Repurposing Chloroquine Analogs as an Adjuvant Cancer\nTherapy","volume":"16","author":"Fong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Recent Pat. Anticancer Drug Discovery"},{"key":"2026092515092903900_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2551","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14122551","article-title":"Biologic\nFunctions of Hydroxychloroquine in Disease: From COVID-19 to Cancer","volume":"14","author":"Niemann","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"2026092515092903900_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2021.627639","article-title":"Overcoming Chemoresistance: Altering\npH of Cellular Compartments by Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine","volume":"9","author":"Halcrow","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"2026092515092903900_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25020945","article-title":"Chloroquine\nand Chemotherapeutic Compounds in Experimental Cancer Treatment","volume":"25","author":"Agalakova","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"2026092515092903900_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.3390\/futurepharmacol2040028","article-title":"A Critical Review of Chloroquine\nand Hydroxychloroquine as Potential Adjuvant Agents for Treating People\nwith Cancer","volume":"2","author":"Abdel-Aziz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Future Pharmacology"},{"key":"2026092515092903900_cit12","unstructured":"Abramson Cancer Center at Penn Medicine.\n          .  ABemacicliB or Abemaciclib\nand HydroxYchloroquine to Target Minimal Residual Disease in Breast\nCancer (ABBY), 2025. https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/study\/NCT04523857."},{"key":"2026092515092903900_cit13","unstructured":"National Cancer Institute (NCI).\n          .  Akt Inhibitor MK2206 and Hydroxychloroquine\nin Treating Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors, Melanoma, Prostate\nor Kidney Cancer, 2025."},{"key":"2026092515092903900_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1525","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgz080","article-title":"Autophagy inhibition as a promising therapeutic target\nfor laryngeal cancer","volume":"40","author":"Garcia-Mayea","year":"2019","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"2026092515092903900_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2016.04.002","article-title":"The autophagy inhibitor chloroquine\ntargets cancer stem cells in triple negative breast cancer by inducing\nmitochondrial damage and impairing DNA break repair","volume":"376","author":"Liang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"2026092515092903900_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1124","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4409","article-title":"Cancer stem cells revisited","volume":"23","author":"Batlle","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"2026092515092903900_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7274","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1207947","article-title":"Self-renewal and solid tumor stem cells","volume":"23","author":"Al-Hajj","year":"2004","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"2026092515092903900_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Creighton, C. J.; Li, X.; Landis, M.; Dixon, J. M.; Neumeister, V. M.; Sjolund, A.; Rimm, D. L.; Wong, H.; Rodriguez, A.; Herschkowitz, J. I.; et al.; Residual breast cancers\nafter conventional therapy display mesenchymal as well as tumor-initiating\nfeatures, 2009.","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0905718106"},{"key":"2026092515092903900_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1159\/000445118","article-title":"Enrichment\nof Cells with Cancer Stem Cell-Like Markers in Relapses of Chemoresistant\nPatients with Locally Advanced Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma","volume":"90","author":"Grau","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncology"},{"key":"2026092515092903900_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84030","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.12767","article-title":"Chemotherapy enriches\nfor an invasive triple-negative breast tumor cell subpopulation expressing\na precursor form of N-cadherin on the cell surface","volume":"7","author":"Nelson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"2026092515092903900_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.4252\/wjsc.v11.i7.398","article-title":"Targeting cancer\nstem cells in drug discovery: Current state and future perspectives","volume":"11","author":"Du","year":"2019","journal-title":"World J. Stem Cells"},{"key":"2026092515092903900_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11667","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.15879","article-title":"Co-targeting\nof lysosome and mitophagy in cancer stem cells with chloroquine analogues\nand antibiotics","volume":"24","author":"Al-Bari","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Cell. Mol. Med."},{"key":"2026092515092903900_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1074\/mcp.RA118.001102","article-title":"Common metabolic pathways implicated in resistance\nto chemotherapy point to a key mitochondrial role in breast cancer","volume":"18","author":"Abad","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Proteomics"},{"key":"2026092515092903900_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2013.07.021","article-title":"Autophagy contributes to the survival of CD133+ liver cancer stem\ncells in the hypoxic and nutrient-deprived tumor microenvironment","volume":"339","author":"Song","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"2026092515092903900_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2016.04.002","article-title":"The autophagy inhibitor chloroquine\ntargets cancer stem cells in triple negative breast cancer by inducing\nmitochondrial damage and impairing DNA break repair","volume":"376","author":"Liang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"2026092515092903900_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2020.119465","article-title":"Targeting breast cancer stem-like cells using chloroquine\nencapsulated by a triphenylphosphonium-functionalized hyperbranched\npolymer","volume":"585","author":"Stagni","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"2026092515092903900_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-014-1686-9","article-title":"Chloroquine potentiates Temozolomide cytotoxicity\nby inhibiting mitochondrial autophagy in glioma cells","volume":"122","author":"Hori","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Neurooncol."},{"key":"2026092515092903900_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-021-04011-0","article-title":"Afatinib induces pro-survival autophagy and increases sensitivity\nto apoptosis in stem-like HNSCC cells","volume":"12","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell\nDeath & Disease"},{"key":"2026092515092903900_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1478","DOI":"10.4161\/auto.29428","article-title":"Outcome of early clinical trials of the combination\nof hydroxychloroquine with chemotherapy in cancer","volume":"10","author":"Poklepovic","year":"2014","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"2026092515092903900_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14020381","article-title":"Autophagy Regulation on Cancer Stem Cell Maintenance,\nMetastasis, and Therapy Resistance","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancers\n(Basel)."},{"key":"2026092515092903900_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clbc.2020.09.015","article-title":"A Phase II Study\nof the Efficacy and Safety of Chloroquine in Combination With Taxanes\nin the Treatment of Patients With Advanced or Metastatic Anthracycline-refractory\nBreast Cancer","volume":"21","author":"Anand","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Breast Cancer"},{"key":"2026092515092903900_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.4161\/auto.29231","article-title":"Combined autophagy and HDAC inhibition: A phase\nI safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic analysis\nof hydroxychloroquine in combination with the HDAC inhibitor vorinostat\nin patients with advanced solid tumors","volume":"10","author":"Mahalingam","year":"2014","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"2026092515092903900_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.4161\/auto.29118","article-title":"Phase I trial of hydroxychloroquine with dose-intense\nTemozolomide in patients with advanced solid tumors and melanoma","volume":"10","author":"Rangwala","year":"2014","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"2026092515092903900_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1380","DOI":"10.4161\/auto.29264","article-title":"Combined autophagy and proteasome inhibition","volume":"10","author":"Vogl","year":"2014","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"2026092515092903900_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.4161\/auto.28984","article-title":"A phase I\/II trial of hydroxychloroquine in conjunction with radiation\ntherapy and concurrent and adjuvant Temozolomide in patients with\nnewly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme","volume":"10","author":"Rosenfeld","year":"2014","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"2026092515092903900_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1680","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1175667","article-title":"Chloroquine transport via the malaria parasite\u2019s chloroquine\nresistance transporter","volume":"325","author":"Martin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Science (1979)"},{"key":"2026092515092903900_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.20792","article-title":"Lysosomal sequestration of amine-containing drugs:\nAnalysis and therapeutic implications","volume":"96","author":"Kaufmann","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Pharm.\nSci."},{"key":"2026092515092903900_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1608","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkv018","article-title":"Chloroquine\nanalogues in drug discovery: New directions of uses, mechanisms of\nactions and toxic manifestations from malaria to multifarious diseases","volume":"70","author":"Al-Bari","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"2026092515092903900_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2018.1474314","article-title":"Chloroquine inhibits autophagic flux by decreasing\nautophagosome-lysosome fusion","volume":"14","author":"Mauthe","year":"2018","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"2026092515092903900_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-05261-x","article-title":"Systems analysis of\nintracellular pH vulnerabilities for cancer therapy","volume":"9","author":"Persi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2026092515092903900_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2017.09.044","article-title":"A cell-penetrating ratiometric probe\nfor simultaneous measurement of lysosomal and cytosolic pH change","volume":"178","author":"Xia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Talanta"},{"issue":"6070","key":"2026092515092903900_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1038\/321618a0","article-title":"Chloroquine and ammonium chloride prevent terminal\nglycosylation of immunoglobulins in plasma cells without affecting\nsecretion","volume":"321","author":"Thorens","year":"1986","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026092515092903900_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2019.00093","article-title":"Golgi pH,\nIon and Redox Homeostasis: How Much Do They Really Matter?","volume":"7","author":"Kellokumpu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"2026092515092903900_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.06-1146","article-title":"Hydroxychloroquine-Induced\nToxic Myopathy Causing Respiratory Failure","volume":"131","author":"Siddiqui","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2026092515092903900_cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-021-04868-6","article-title":"Systemic toxicity\nof chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine: prevalence, mechanisms, risk\nfactors, prognostic and screening possibilities","volume":"41","author":"Muller","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rheumatol. 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