{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T13:52:29Z","timestamp":1791553949405,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788134400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001823","name":"Ministerstvo ?kolstv?, Ml?de?e a Telov?chovy","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CZ.02.01.01\/00\/22_008\/0004575"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CZ.02.01.01\/00\/22_008\/0004575"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001823","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018694","name":"HORIZON EUROPE Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["945413"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["945413"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018694","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007512","name":"Universitat Rovira i Virgili","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007512","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Tuberculosis (TB) represents the world\u2019s leading infectious disease killer, surpassing COVID-19. Despite being preventable and curable, a substantial proportion of cases remain undiagnosed or unreported, sustaining transmission. The detection of antigens such as the Mycobacterium tuberculosis ESAT-6\/CFP-10 heterodimer, which are secreted at different stages of infection, is a promising screening strategy. Traditional antigen tests relying on antibodies suffer from significant problems of specificity and sensitivity. Aptamers, selected in an in vitro technique termed SELEX (Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential enrichment), are short, single-stranded oligonucleotides that fold into unique 3D structures, allowing them to bind to specific targets, including proteins, cells, or small molecules, with high affinity and specificity. However, conventional SELEX methods often yield suboptimal aptamers partly due to target immobilization that can promote nonspecific interactions and distort protein conformation. Here, we employed two library-immobilized strategies to generate aptamers against the M. tuberculosis ESAT-6\/CFP-10 heterodimer. We first performed capture-SELEX to select aptamers against the unconstrained, conformationally native heterodimer target in solution. These selected aptamers were then exploited in a second SELEX, where aptamer-target complexes were \u201cbaited\u201d by a target-specific antibody to isolate sandwich-compatible aptamers for downstream assay development. The selected aptamers exhibited high nanomolar affinity regardless of library and selection strategy employed, with bait-SELEX-derived candidates emerging after fewer selection rounds. These aptamers were successfully applied in antibody\/aptamer hybrid sandwich assays, supporting their potential for TB antigen detection in nonsputum samples.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsinfecdis.6c00529","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T02:10:51Z","timestamp":1788401451000},"page":"3472-3486","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Advancing Tuberculosis\nAntigen Detection by Selecting\nSandwich-Compatible Aptamers Against the\n                    <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/i>\n                    ESAT-6\/CFP-10 Heterodimer Using Library-Immobilized\nStrategies"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3603-4072","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shaira Jane","family":"Acosta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universitat Rovira i Virgili , , ,","place":["Tarragona, Spain, 43007"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. Carmen Bermudo","family":"Redondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universitat Rovira i Virgili , , ,","place":["Tarragona, Spain, 43007"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucie Muz\u030ci\u0301kova\u0301","family":"C\u030cechova\u0301","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Czech Academy of Sciences , , Flemingovo nam. 542\/2 , ,","place":["Prague 6, Czech Republic, 160 00"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marek","family":"Ondrus\u030c","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Czech Academy of Sciences , , Flemingovo nam. 542\/2 , ,","place":["Prague 6, Czech Republic, 160 00"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9712-5429","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Vasso","family":"Skouridou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universitat Rovira i Virgili , , ,","place":["Tarragona, Spain, 43007"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ciara K.","family":"O\u2019Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universitat Rovira i Virgili , , ,","place":["Tarragona, Spain, 43007"]},{"name":"Institucio\u0301 Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats (ICREA) , ,","place":["Barcelona, Spain, 08010"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026100909095483400_cit1","volume-title":"Global\nTuberculosis Report 2025","year":"2025"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026100909095483400_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202110-2378OC","article-title":"Aerosolization of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis by\nTidal Breathing","volume":"206","author":"Dinkele","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100909095483400_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-023-17495-6","article-title":"Global,\nRegional and National Trends in Tuberculosis\nIncidence and Main Risk Factors: A Study Using Data from 2000 to 2021","volume":"24","author":"Bai","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026100909095483400_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens13020151","article-title":"Cigarette Smoking as\na Risk Factor for Tuberculosis in Adults: Epidemiology and Aspects\nof Disease Pathogenesis","volume":"13","author":"Feldman","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"2026100909095483400_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.107876","article-title":"Tuberculosis\nand HIV Coinfection:\nProgress and Challenges towards Reducing Incidence and Mortality","volume":"155","author":"Sossen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"11","key":"2026100909095483400_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2017.69","article-title":"Heterogeneity in\nTuberculosis","volume":"17","author":"Cadena","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"2026100909095483400_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.26482","article-title":"Tuberculosis\nand Its \u201cTroubled Relationship\u201d With Other\nDiseases","author":"Correia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"2026100909095483400_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-19132-4","volume-title":"Tuberculosis in Adults and Children\nSpringerBriefs in Public Health","author":"Heemskerk","year":"2015"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026100909095483400_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1679","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(21)00367-3","article-title":"Lifetime Burden of\nDisease Due to Incident Tuberculosis: A Global Reappraisal Including\nPost-Tuberculosis Sequelae","volume":"9","author":"Menzies","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Global Health"},{"issue":"147","key":"2026100909095483400_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0077-2017","article-title":"Tuberculosis and\nLung Damage: From Epidemiology to Pathophysiology","volume":"27","author":"Ravimohan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. Rev."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026100909095483400_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/20734735.0216-2020","article-title":"What Pulmonologists\nNeed to Know about Extrapulmonary\nTuberculosis","volume":"16","author":"Natali","year":"2020","journal-title":"Breathe"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100909095483400_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.5588\/pha.21.0022","article-title":"Missed Opportunities for Diagnosis\nand Treatment in Patients with TB Symptoms: A Systematic Review","volume":"12","author":"Divala","year":"2022","journal-title":"Public Health Action"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026100909095483400_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2011.02.006","article-title":"Discriminating\nbetween Latent and Active Tuberculosis with Multiple Biomarker Responses","volume":"91","author":"Frahm","year":"2011","journal-title":"Tuberculosis"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100909095483400_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00034-13","article-title":"Gamma Interferon Release\nAssays for Detection of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection","volume":"27","author":"Pai","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"issue":"8","key":"2026100909095483400_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/acmi.0.000245","article-title":"Revisiting the Methods for Detecting Mycobacterium\nTuberculosis: What Has the New Millennium Brought Thus Far?","volume":"3","author":"Campelo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Access Microbiol."},{"issue":"8","key":"2026100909095483400_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1734","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms12081734","article-title":"Pulmonary Tuberculosis Diagnosis\nUsing an Intelligent Microscopy Scanner and Image Recognition Model\nfor Improved Acid-Fast Bacilli Detection in Smears","volume":"12","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"2026100909095483400_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.709793","article-title":"Past and Present\nApproaches to Diagnosis\nof Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis","volume":"8","author":"Namuganga","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Med."},{"issue":"12","key":"2026100909095483400_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(23)00372-9","article-title":"Burden of Tuberculosis\namong Vulnerable Populations Worldwide: An Overview of Systematic\nReviews","volume":"23","author":"Litvinjenko","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2026100909095483400_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Steingart K. R.; Schiller I.; Horne D. J.; Pai M.; Boehme C. C.; Dendukuri N. Xpert MTB\/RIF Assay for Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Rifampicin Resistance in Adults. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev.2014. 10.1002\/14651858.CD009593.pub3.","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009593.pub3"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100909095483400_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9010111","article-title":"Point-Of-Care\nUrine LAM Tests for Tuberculosis Diagnosis: A Status Update","volume":"9","author":"Bulterys","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clin. 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Biotechnol."},{"key":"2026100909095483400_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5772\/61114","article-title":"Addressing Barriers\nto the Development and Adoption\nof Rapid Diagnostic Tests in Global Health","volume":"2","author":"Miller","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nanobiomedicine"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026100909095483400_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3231","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.bioconjchem.8b00592","article-title":"Guide to Selecting a Biorecognition Element for Biosensors","volume":"29","author":"Morales","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bioconjugate Chem."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100909095483400_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s44371-025-00094-2","article-title":"Aptamers and\nAntibodies in Optical Biosensing","volume":"2","author":"Mpofu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Discovery\nChem."},{"key":"2026100909095483400_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2015.04.041","article-title":"Replacing Antibodies with Aptamers\nin Lateral Flow Immunoassay","volume":"71","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026100909095483400_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1039\/D4SD00342J","article-title":"Biotin\/Avidin-Free\nSandwich Aptamer-Based Lateral Flow Assay (ALFA) for the Diagnosis\nof Trichomonas Vaginalis","volume":"4","author":"Justo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sens. Diagn."},{"key":"2026100909095483400_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2024.127000","article-title":"Fluorescent Lateral Flow Assay Strip for Mycobacterium\nTuberculosis and Mycobacterium Smegmatis Based on Mycobacteriophage\nTail Protein and Aptamer","volume":"282","author":"Yue","year":"2025","journal-title":"Talanta"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026100909095483400_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/elan.70116","article-title":"Aptamer-Based\nElectrochemical Point-of-Care Tests: Signal Design to Clinical Readiness","volume":"38","author":"Li","year":"2026","journal-title":"Electroanalysis"},{"key":"2026100909095483400_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.electacta.2021.137994","article-title":"Aptamers in Biomedicine:\nSelection Strategies and Recent\nAdvances","volume":"376","author":"Stefan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Electrochim. Acta"},{"key":"2026100909095483400_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ab.2025.115890","article-title":"A Beginners\nGuide to SELEX and DNA\nAptamers","volume":"703","author":"Stephens","year":"2025","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"issue":"19","key":"2026100909095483400_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4961","DOI":"10.1039\/D3SC00439B","article-title":"Aptamers 101: Aptamer\nDiscovery and in Vitro Applications in Biosensors\nand Separations","volume":"14","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chem. Sci."},{"key":"2026100909095483400_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"DeRosa, M. C.; Lin, A.; Mallikaratchy, P.; McConnell, E. M.; McKeague, M.; Patel, R.; Shigdar, S.\n          In Vitro Selection of Aptamers\nand Their Applications. 2024.","DOI":"10.1038\/s43586-023-00238-7"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100909095483400_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.2116\/analsci.20SAR18","article-title":"SELEX-Based\nDNA Aptamer Selection: A Perspective from the Advancement of Separation\nTechniques","volume":"37","author":"Saito","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anal. Sci."},{"issue":"4968","key":"2026100909095483400_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2200121","article-title":"Systematic Evolution\nof Ligands by Exponential Enrichment: RNA Ligands\nto Bacteriophage T4 DNA Polymerase","volume":"249","author":"Tuerk","year":"1990","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"6287","key":"2026100909095483400_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1038\/346818a0","article-title":"In Vitro Selection of RNA Molecules That Bind Specific\nLigands","volume":"346","author":"Ellington","year":"1990","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026100909095483400_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-440X(94)90100-7","article-title":"In Vitro\nEvolution of Nucleic Acids","volume":"4","author":"Joyce","year":"1994","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Struct.\nBiol."},{"issue":"8","key":"2026100909095483400_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2962","DOI":"10.1007\/s12033-024-01256-w","article-title":"Enhanced SELEX\nPlatforms for Aptamer Selection with Improved Characteristics: A Review","volume":"67","author":"Didarian","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mol. Biotechnol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100909095483400_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2018.11.001","article-title":"Three Decades\nof Nucleic Acid Aptamer Technologies: Lessons Learned, Progress and\nOpportunities on Aptamer Development","volume":"37","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biotechnol.\nAdv."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026100909095483400_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.200461848","article-title":"In Vitro Selection\nof Structure-Switching Signaling Aptamers","volume":"44","author":"Nutiu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Angew.\nChem., Int. Ed."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026100909095483400_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-007-1735-8","article-title":"Selection\nof Fluorescent Aptamer Beacons That Light\nup in the Presence of Zinc","volume":"390","author":"Rajendran","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anal. Bioanal. Chem."},{"key":"2026100909095483400_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2016.04.032","article-title":"In Vitro Selection and Amplification\nProtocols for Isolation of Aptameric Sensors for Small Molecules","volume":"106","author":"Yang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"2026100909095483400_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/415697","article-title":"Capture-SELEX:\nSelection of DNA Aptamers\nfor Aminoglycoside Antibiotics","volume":"2012","author":"Stoltenburg","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Anal. Methods\nChem."},{"key":"2026100909095483400_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bab.2244","article-title":"SELEX: Critical Factors and Optimization Strategies\nfor Successful Aptamer Selection","volume":"69","author":"Kohlberger","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biotechnol.\nAppl. Biochem."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100909095483400_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40794-024-00235-y","article-title":"The Application of\nAptamer in Tuberculosis Diagnosis: A Systematic Review","volume":"10","author":"Isaei","year":"2024","journal-title":"Trop. Dis. Travel Med. Vaccines"},{"key":"2026100909095483400_cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jctube.2024.100486","article-title":"Diagnostic Value of\nTuberculosis-Specific Antigens Ag85B, ESAT-6\nand CFP10 in Pulmonary Tuberculosis","volume":"37","author":"Sun","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Clin.\nTuberc. Other Mycobact. Dis."},{"issue":"8","key":"2026100909095483400_cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e29251","article-title":"Diagnostic Value of Tuberculosis-Specific\nAntigens\nESAT-6 and CFP10 in Lymph Node Tuberculosis","volume":"10","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026100909095483400_cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2011.11.022","article-title":"The CFP10\/ESAT6\nComplex of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis May Function as a Regulator\nof Macrophage Cell Death at Different Stages of Tuberculosis Infection","volume":"78","author":"Guo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Med. Hypotheses"},{"issue":"15","key":"2026100909095483400_cit48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3969","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1621360114","article-title":"Quantification of Circulating Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Antigen Peptides Allows\nRapid Diagnosis of Active Disease and Treatment Monitoring","volume":"114","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026100909095483400_cit49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.12972","article-title":"Association\nof ESAT-6\/CFP-10-Induced IFN-\u03b3, TNF-\u03b1 and IL-10 with Clinical\nTuberculosis: Evidence from Cohorts of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients,\nHousehold Contacts and Community Controls in an Endemic Setting","volume":"189","author":"Abebe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026100909095483400_cit50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.3390\/biom13060968","article-title":"ESAT-6\na Major Virulence Factor of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis","volume":"13","author":"Anes","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"issue":"24","key":"2026100909095483400_cit51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21598","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M201625200","article-title":"Conclusive Evidence That the Major\nT-Cell Antigens of theMycobacterium Tuberculosis Complex ESAT-6 and\nCFP-10 Form a Tight, 1:1 Complex and Characterization of the Structural\nProperties of ESAT-6, CFP-10, and the ESAT-6\u00b7CFP-10 Complex","volume":"277","author":"Renshaw","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"16","key":"2026100909095483400_cit52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6028","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00469-07","article-title":"ESAT-6 from Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Dissociates from Its Putative Chaperone CFP-10 under Acidic Conditions\nand Exhibits Membrane-Lysing Activity","volume":"189","author":"De Jonge","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"issue":"53","key":"2026100909095483400_cit53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44184","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M112.420869","article-title":"Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ESAT-6 Exhibits a Unique Membrane-Interacting\nActivity That Is Not Found in Its Ortholog from Non-Pathogenic Mycobacterium\nSmegmatis","volume":"287","author":"De Leon","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100909095483400_cit54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1086\/345862","article-title":"Deletion\nof RD1 from Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Mimics Bacille Calmette-Gue\u0301rin Attenuation","volume":"187","author":"Lewis","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2026100909095483400_cit55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1383098","article-title":"The Role of ESAT-6\nin Tuberculosis Immunopathology","volume":"15","author":"Passos","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. 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