{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T09:25:45Z","timestamp":1787045145393,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,18]],"date-time":"2020-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589760000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,18]],"date-time":"2020-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589760000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,18]],"date-time":"2020-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589760000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007219","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["14ZR1444400"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["14ZR1444400"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007219","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007219","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19ZR1462800"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19ZR1462800"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007219","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010661","name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["734548"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["734548"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010661","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31400160"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31400160"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004751","name":"Department of S and T for Social Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2016YFE0133500"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016YFE0133500"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004751","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"the National Sciences and Technology Major Projects for ?Major New Drugs Innovation and Development?","award":["2018ZX09711003-001-004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018ZX09711003-001-004"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Chronic hepatitis C infection is a leading cause of liver cirrhosis, which is linked to chronic hepatic inflammation. While there are multiple studies detailing the proinflammatory role of interleukin-1\u03b2 (IL-1\u03b2) in HCV-induced inflammasome signaling, the antiviral capacity of this cytokine has not been adequately investigated in the context of HCV infection or other members of Flaviridae. Our data indicated that IL-1\u03b2 alone does not inhibit HCV replication, yet when in combination with IFN-\u03b1, it can boost the anti-HCV activity of IFN-\u03b1, which is mediated by augmented STAT1 tyrosine 701 phosphorylation. Through signaling inhibitor screening, we found that ERK2 kinase is directly linked to the enhanced activation of the STAT1 complex. Our study found that IL-1\u03b2 negatively affects ERK2 phosphorylation, which suggests that IL-1\u03b2-mediated STAT1 tyrosine 701 phosphorylation employed kinase machinery of ERK2 other than JNK or P38 kinase. Our results identify IL-1\u03b2 as a proinflammatory cytokine possessing wide spectrum synergistic antiviral capability via enhancing IFN-\u03b1-induced interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) expression. A more nuanced understanding of the antiviral mechanisms of this important cytokine could facilitate the development of new therapeutic options.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsinfecdis.9b00506","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,18]],"date-time":"2020-05-18T14:08:06Z","timestamp":1589810886000},"page":"1708-1718","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["IL-1\u03b2 Enhances the Antiviral Effect of IFN\u2011\u03b1\non HCV Replication by Negatively Modulating ERK2 Activation"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Mingzhe","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,","place":["Shanghai, China"]},{"name":"ShanghaiTech University , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 201210"]},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100049"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liqing","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,","place":["Shanghai, China"]},{"name":"ShanghaiTech University , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 201210"]},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100049"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,","place":["Shanghai, China"]},{"name":"ShanghaiTech University , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 201210"]},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100049"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingchao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peilan","family":"Lou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,","place":["Shanghai, China"]},{"name":"ShanghaiTech University , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 201210"]},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100049"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianyu","family":"Gan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,","place":["Shanghai, China"]},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100049"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xia","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,","place":["Shanghai, China"]},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100049"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangxun","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,","place":["Shanghai, China"]},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100049"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,","place":["Shanghai, China"]},{"name":"ShanghaiTech University , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 201210"]},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100049"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2845-7753","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yongfen","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11522","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v21.i41.11522","article-title":"Inflammatory\nstatus in human hepatic cirrhosis","volume":"21","author":"Martinez-Esparza","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J.\nGastroenterol"},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2012.03.013","article-title":"The JAK-STAT pathway at twenty","volume":"36","author":"Stark","year":"2012","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2017.03.008","article-title":"Regulation of type\nI interferon signaling in immunity and inflammation: A comprehensive\nreview","volume":"83","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Autoimmun."},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7108","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.03729-14","article-title":"Human Cytokinome Analysis for Interferon Response","volume":"89","author":"Al-Yahya","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1159\/000484258","article-title":"Interferon-Stimulated\nGenes as Enhancers of Antiviral Innate Immune Signaling","volume":"10","author":"Crosse","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Innate Immun."},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-virology-092818-015756","article-title":"Interferon-Stimulated\nGenes: What Do They All Do?","volume":"6","author":"Schoggins","year":"2019","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Virol."},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2628","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1203481","article-title":"Serine phosphorylation\nof STATs","volume":"19","author":"Decker","year":"2000","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1721","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7569900","article-title":"Requirement for MAP kinase (ERK2) activity in interferon\nalpha- and interferon beta-stimulated gene expression through STAT\nproteins","volume":"269","author":"David","year":"1995","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5601","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/18.20.5601","article-title":"p38 MAP\nkinase is required for STAT1 serine phosphorylation and transcriptional\nactivation induced by interferons","volume":"18","author":"Goh","year":"1999","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6508","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.17.11.6508","article-title":"STAT3 serine phosphorylation by ERK-dependent and -independent\npathways negatively modulates its tyrosine phosphorylation","volume":"17","author":"Chung","year":"1997","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(95)90311-9","article-title":"Maximal activation\nof transcription by Stat1 and Stat3 requires both tyrosine and serine\nphosphorylation","volume":"82","author":"Wen","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(03)00322-4","article-title":"Phosphorylation\nof the Stat1 transactivation domain is required for full-fledged IFN-gamma-dependent\ninnate immunity","volume":"19","author":"Varinou","year":"2003","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25482","DOI":"10.1038\/srep25482","article-title":"Convergent Transcription of Interferon-stimulated Genes by TNF-alpha\nand IFN-alpha Augments Antiviral Activity against HCV and HEV","volume":"6","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-291X(02)00502-8","article-title":"Involvement of IL-1beta\nand IL-10 in IFN-alpha-mediated antiviral gene induction in human\nhepatoma cells","volume":"294","author":"Ichikawa","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1186\/1423-0127-16-41","article-title":"HBV replication is significantly reduced by IL-6","volume":"16","author":"Kuo","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Sci."},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2613","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201243018","article-title":"Interleukin-6 limits influenza-induced inflammation\nand protects against fatal lung pathology","volume":"43","author":"Lauder","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur.\nJ. Immunol."},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.25382","article-title":"Induction of interleukin\n6 impairs the anti-HBV efficiency of IFN-alpha in human hepatocytes\nthrough upregulation of SOCS3","volume":"91","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Med. Virol."},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12284","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01962-13","article-title":"Hepatitis C virus induces interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta)\/IL-18\nin circulatory and resident liver macrophages","volume":"87","author":"Shrivastava","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Virol"},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2004.02599.x","article-title":"Imbalance between interleukin-1 agonists\nand antagonists: relationship to severity of inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"138","author":"Ludwiczek","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol."},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2015.06.017","article-title":"The interleukin (IL)-1 cytokine family--Balance\nbetween agonists and antagonists in inflammatory diseases","volume":"76","author":"Palomo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cytokine+"},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0184084","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0184084","article-title":"Interleukin-1alpha\nand Interleukin-1beta play a central role in the pathogenesis of fulminant\nhepatic failure in mice","volume":"12","author":"Sultan","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/S1097-2765(02)00599-3","article-title":"The inflammasome:\na molecular platform triggering activation of inflammatory caspases\nand processing of proIL-beta","volume":"10","author":"Martinon","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1703","article-title":"The inflammasome: a caspase-1-activation\nplatform that regulates immune responses and disease pathogenesis","volume":"10","author":"Franchi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1003330","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003330","article-title":"IL-1beta production through the NLRP3 inflammasome\nby hepatic macrophages links hepatitis C virus infection with liver\ninflammation and disease","volume":"9","author":"Negash","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e32270","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0032270","article-title":"NLRP3 inflammasome: key mediator of neuroinflammation in murine Japanese\nencephalitis","volume":"7","author":"Kaushik","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1003039","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003039","article-title":"IL-1beta signaling promotes\nCNS-intrinsic immune control of West Nile virus infection","volume":"8","author":"Ramos","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e84953","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0084953","article-title":"HCV genomic RNA activates the NLRP3\ninflammasome in human myeloid cells","volume":"9","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2010.12.009","article-title":"TNF-alpha\nand IL-1beta mediate Japanese encephalitis virus-induced RANTES gene\nexpression in astrocytes","volume":"58","author":"Chen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"cm1","DOI":"10.1126\/scisignal.3105cm1","article-title":"Interleukin-1\n(IL-1) pathway","volume":"3","author":"Weber","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sci. Signaling"},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/174.4.842","article-title":"Decreased phorbol myristate acetate-induced release\nof tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1 beta from peripheral\nblood monocytes of patients chronically infected with hepatitis C\nvirus","volume":"174","author":"Mendoza","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1704","DOI":"10.1086\/315070","article-title":"Intrahepatic expression of interleukin-1beta\nand tumor necrosis factor-alpha in chronic hepatitis C","volume":"180","author":"Dumoulin","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2014","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.02014","article-title":"Interleukin-1 Family\nCytokines: Keystones in Liver Inflammatory Diseases","volume":"10","author":"Barbier","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5493","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.77.9.5493-5498.2003","article-title":"Interleukin-1\ninhibits hepatitis C virus subgenomic RNA replication by activation\nof extracellular regulated kinase pathway","volume":"77","author":"Zhu","year":"2003","journal-title":"J.\nVirol."},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31715","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M113.501122","article-title":"Interleukin-1 and tumor\nnecrosis factor-alpha trigger restriction of hepatitis B virus infection\nvia a cytidine deaminase activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID)","volume":"288","author":"Watashi","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9294","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0503596102","article-title":"Robust hepatitis C virus infection\nin vitro","volume":"102","author":"Zhong","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1114016","article-title":"Complete replication of hepatitis C virus in cell culture","volume":"309","author":"Lindenbach","year":"2005","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1268","article-title":"Production of infectious\nhepatitis C virus in tissue culture from a cloned viral genome","volume":"11","author":"Wakita","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e43824","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0043824","article-title":"Ribavirin\nenhances the action of interferon-alpha against hepatitis C virus\nby promoting the p53 activity through the ERK1\/2 pathway","volume":"7","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2005.10.031","article-title":"Induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest by a specific c-Jun\nNH2-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor, SP-600125, in gastrointestinal\ncancers","volume":"241","author":"Xia","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgh115","article-title":"Evidence of STAT1 phosphorylation modulated by MAPKs,\nMEK1 and MSK1","volume":"25","author":"Zhang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2006.11.010","article-title":"ERK implication in cell cycle regulation","volume":"1773","author":"Chambard","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta, Mol. Cell Res."},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2015.07.011","article-title":"Functional Redundancy\nof ERK1 and ERK2MAP Kinases during Development","volume":"12","author":"Fremin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.13197","article-title":"Active ERK2 is sufficient to mediate\ngrowth arrest and differentiation signaling","volume":"282","author":"Wu","year":"2015","journal-title":"FEBS J."},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2016.00053","article-title":"ERK1 and ERK2Map Kinases: Specific Roles or Functional\nRedundancy?","volume":"4","author":"Busca","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2009.08.037","article-title":"Profiling the human protein-DNA interactome reveals ERK2 as a transcriptional\nrepressor of interferon signaling","volume":"139","author":"Hu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-019-0323-3","article-title":"A protein-interaction\nnetwork of interferon-stimulated genes extends the innate immune system\nlandscape","volume":"20","author":"Hubel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.3390\/cells8030274","article-title":"Strategies\nto Circumvent Host Innate Immune Response by Hepatitis C Virus","volume":"8","author":"Patra","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13489","article-title":"Host-directed therapy\nof tuberculosis based on interleukin-1 and type I interferon crosstalk","volume":"511","author":"Mayer-Barber","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scib.2019.11.006","article-title":"The pre-existing cellular immunity to Japanese encephalitis virus\nheterotypically protects mice from Zika virus infection","volume":"65","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science Bulletin"},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1038\/nature17947","article-title":"EBI2 augments Tfh\ncell fate by promoting interaction with IL-2-quenching dendritic cells","volume":"533","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104612","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2019.104612","article-title":"Construction and characterization of Genotype-3 hepatitis C virus\nreplicon revealed critical genotype-3-specific polymorphism for drug\nresistance and viral fitness","volume":"171","author":"Guo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Antiviral Res."},{"key":"2026081722193634800_cit52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1021\/acsinfecdis.9b00376","article-title":"Small Molecule Inhibitor\nof ATPase Activity of HSP70 as a Broad-Spectrum Inhibitor against\nFlavivirus Infections","volume":"6","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Infect. Dis."}],"container-title":["ACS Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acsinfecdis.9b00506","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/aidcbc\/article-pdf\/6\/7\/1708\/6373722\/id9b00506.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/aidcbc\/article-pdf\/6\/7\/1708\/6373722\/id9b00506.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T08:35:20Z","timestamp":1787042120000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/aidcbc\/article\/6\/7\/1708\/618256\/IL-1-Enhances-the-Antiviral-Effect-of-IFN-on-HCV"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,18]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,18]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsinfecdis.9b00506","relation":{},"ISSN":["2373-8227"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2373-8227","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,18]]}}}