{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T08:29:02Z","timestamp":1787041742430,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,24]],"date-time":"2020-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1587686400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,24]],"date-time":"2020-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1587686400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,24]],"date-time":"2020-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1587686400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003452","name":"Innovation and Technology Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003452","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004377","name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BBX7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BBX7"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004377","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004377","name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BBX9"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BBX9"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004377","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The 2019 coronavirus outbreak (COVID-19) is affecting over 210 countries and territories, and it is spreading mainly by respiratory droplets. The use of disposable surgical masks is common for patients, doctors, and even the general public in highly risky areas. However, the current surgical masks cannot self-sterilize in order to reuse or be recycled for other applications. The resulting high economic and environmental costs are further damaging societies worldwide. Herein, we reported a unique method for functionalizing commercially available surgical masks with outstanding self-cleaning and photothermal properties. A dual-mode laser-induced forward transfer method was developed for depositing few-layer graphene onto low-melting temperature nonwoven masks. Superhydrophobic states were observed on the treated masks\u2019 surfaces, which can cause the incoming aqueous droplets to bounce off. Under sunlight illumination, the surface temperature of the functional mask can quickly increase to over 80 \u00b0C, making the masks reusable after sunlight sterilization. In addition, this graphene-coated mask can be recycled directly for use in solar-driven desalination with outstanding salt-rejection performance for long-term use. These roll-to-roll production-line-compatible masks can provide us with better protection against this severe virus. The environment can also benefit from the direct recycling of these masks, which can be used for desalinating seawater.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.0c02250","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,24]],"date-time":"2020-04-24T10:43:33Z","timestamp":1587725013000},"page":"6213-6221","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":366,"title":["Reusable\nand Recyclable Graphene Masks with Outstanding\nSuperhydrophobic and Photothermal Performances"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Hong","family":"Zhong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , , , ,","place":["Kowloon, Hong Kong, China, 999077"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaoran","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , , , ,","place":["Kowloon, Hong Kong, China, 999077"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , , , ,","place":["Kowloon, Hong Kong, China, 999077"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi Fai","family":"Cheung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , , , ,","place":["Kowloon, Hong Kong, China, 999077"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vivien L.","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , , , ,","place":["Kowloon, Hong Kong, China, 999077"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7385-6334","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Feng","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , , , ,","place":["Kowloon, Hong Kong, China, 999077"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ching-Yuen","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , , , ,","place":["Kowloon, Hong Kong, China, 999077"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6259-3209","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Guijun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , , , ,","place":["Kowloon, Hong Kong, China, 999077"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1038\/s41421-020-0148-0","article-title":"Phase-Adjusted Estimation\nof the Number of Coronavirus Disease 2019\nCases in Wuhan, China","volume":"6","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Discovery"},{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30520-1","article-title":"Mass Masking\nin the COVID-19 Epidemic:\nPeople Need Guidance","volume":"395","author":"Leung","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5799\/jcei\/7894","article-title":"Easybreath\nDecathlon Mask: An Efficient\nPersonal Protective Equipment (PPE) against COVID-19 in Africa","volume":"11","author":"Addi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Investigations"},{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2013.02.007","article-title":"Effectiveness\nof Surgical Masks against Influenza Bioaerosols","volume":"84","author":"Makison\nBooth","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Hosp. Infect."},{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h694","article-title":"Facemasks for the Prevention of Infection\nin Healthcare\nand Community Settings","volume":"350","author":"MacIntyre","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMJ: British Medical\nJournal"},{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-020-0843-2","article-title":"Respiratory Virus Shedding\nin Exhaled Breath and Efficacy of Face Masks","author":"Leung","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2013.02.007","article-title":"Effectiveness of Surgical\nMasks against Influenza Bioaerosols","volume":"84","author":"Booth","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Hosp.\nInfect."},{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1558925005os-1400403","article-title":"Study\nof Repellent Finish of Filtration Ability of\nSurgical Face Masks.","volume":"os-14","author":"Shen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int. Nonwovens J."},{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16071154","article-title":"Survival of Microorganisms on Nonwovens Used for the\nConstruction of Filtering Facepiece Respirators","volume":"16","author":"Majchrzycka","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16568","DOI":"10.1002\/ange.201907876","article-title":"Photothermal Welding,\nMelting, and Patterned Expansion of Nonwoven Mats of Polymer Nanofibers\nfor Biomedical and Printing Applications","volume":"131","author":"Wu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Angew.\nChem."},{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120798","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2019.120798","article-title":"The Immobilization of Potentially Toxic Elements Due\nto Incineration and Weathering of Bottom Ash Fines","volume":"379","author":"Alam","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaf2073","article-title":"Moving Superhydrophobic Surfaces\ntoward Real-World Applications","volume":"352","author":"Tian","year":"2016","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat924","article-title":"Superhydrophobic\nStates","volume":"2","author":"Lafuma","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat.\nMater."},{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17036","DOI":"10.1038\/natrevmats.2017.36","article-title":"Nature-Inspired\nSuperwettability\nSystems","volume":"2","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mater."},{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11433","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201105069","article-title":"Durable, Self-Healing\nSuperhydrophobic and Superoleophobic Surfaces from Fluorinated-Decyl\nPolyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane and Hydrolyzed Fluorinated Alkyl\nSilane","volume":"50","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201301984","article-title":"Spatial\nControl of Heterogeneous\nNucleation on the Superhydrophobic Nanowire Array","volume":"24","author":"Lo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7312","DOI":"10.1039\/c3ta11434a","article-title":"A Route towards Superhydrophobic\nGraphene Surfaces: Surface-Treated Reduced Graphene Oxide Spheres","volume":"1","author":"Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. A"},{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"010901","DOI":"10.1063\/1.5120056","article-title":"Direct Laser\nWriting of Graphene Electrodes","volume":"127","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Appl. Phys."},{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1700496","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201700496","article-title":"Laser-Induced\nGraphene in Controlled Atmospheres: From Superhydrophilic to Superhydrophobic\nSurfaces","volume":"29","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3689","DOI":"10.1039\/C8GC01347K","article-title":"Floating, Highly Efficient, and Scalable\nGraphene Membranes for Seawater Desalination Using Solar Energy","volume":"20","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Green Chem."},{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.8b17419","article-title":"Wearable Fluid Capture Devices for\nElectrochemical Sensing of Sweat","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Appl.\nMater. Interfaces"},{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1900874","DOI":"10.1002\/admi.201900874","article-title":"All 3D-Printed Superhydrophobic\/Oleophilic\nMembrane for Robotic Oil Recycling","volume":"6","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Mater.\nInterfaces"},{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1900054","DOI":"10.1002\/gch2.201900054","article-title":"Additive Manufactured\nGraphene Coating with Synergistic Photothermal\nand Superhydrophobic Effects for Bactericidal Applications","volume":"4","author":"Jiang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Global Challenges"},{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4055","DOI":"10.1039\/C8TA11121A","article-title":"3D Printed Graphene\/Nickel Electrodes\nfor High Areal Capacitance Electrochemical Storage","volume":"7","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. A"},{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1510","DOI":"10.1039\/C8EE00220G","article-title":"A Salt-Rejecting Floating Solar Still\nfor Low-Cost Desalination","volume":"11","author":"Ni","year":"2018","journal-title":"Energy Environ. Sci."},{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1002\/pen.760302202","article-title":"Structure\nand Filtration Properties of Melt Blown Polypropylene\nWebs","volume":"30","author":"Lee","year":"1990","journal-title":"Polym. Eng. Sci."},{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtener.2019.01.005","article-title":"Inkjet Printed\nPseudocapacitive Electrodes\non Laser-Induced Graphene for Electrochemical Energy Storage","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Materials Today Energy"},{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16975","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.19.016975","article-title":"Fabrication\nof Phase-Change Chalcogenide Ge2sb2te5 Patterns by Laser-Induced Forward\nTransfer","volume":"19","author":"Tseng","year":"2011","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1002\/lpor.201200029","article-title":"Fabrication\nof Multilayer Metamaterials\nby Femtosecond Laser-Induced Forward-Transfer Technique","volume":"6","author":"Tseng","year":"2012","journal-title":"Laser & Photon. Rev."},{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4087","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201501058","article-title":"Toward 3D\nPrinting\nof Pure Metals by Laser-Induced Forward Transfer","volume":"27","author":"Visser","year":"2015","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1021\/nl061702a","article-title":"Spatially Resolved Raman Spectroscopy\nof Single- and Few-Layer Graphene","volume":"7","author":"Graf","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nano Lett."},{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12385","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.7b06371","article-title":"Robust Superhydrophobic\nCarbon Nanotube Film with Lotus Leaf Mimetic Multiscale Hierarchical\nStructures","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-020-0360-5","article-title":"Covid-19 and the Cardiovascular\nSystem","volume":"17","author":"Zheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cardiol."},{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/01478885.2020.1734718","article-title":"Coronavirus\nDisinfection in Histopathology","author":"Henwood","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Histotechnol."},{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-15116-z","article-title":"Structured\nGraphene Metamaterial\nSelective Absorbers for High Efficiency and Omnidirectional Solar\nThermal Energy Conversion","volume":"11","author":"Lin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2004.02.003","article-title":"Thermal Inactivation\nof Adenovirus Type 5","volume":"118","author":"Maheshwari","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Virol. Methods"},{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1452","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.69.3.1452-1456.2003","article-title":"Survival of\nBacterial Indicator Species and Bacteriophages after Thermal Treatment\nof Sludge and Sewage","volume":"69","author":"Moce\u0301-Llivina","year":"2003","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1900250","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.201900250","article-title":"Shape Conformal\nand Thermal Insulative Organic Solar Absorber Sponge for Photothermal\nWater Evaporation and Thermoelectric Power Generation","volume":"9","author":"Zhu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Energy Mater."},{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7930","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.9b02331","article-title":"Efficient Water Transport and Solar Steam Generation via Radially, Hierarchically Structured Aerogels","volume":"13","author":"Xu","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1038\/nphoton.2016.75","article-title":"3D Self-Assembly of\nAluminium Nanoparticles for Plasmon-Enhanced Solar Desalination","volume":"10","author":"Zhou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Photonics"},{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1806730","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201806730","article-title":"Solar Energy Triggered Clean Water Harvesting from\nHumid Air Existing above Sea Surface Enabled by a Hydrogel with Ultrahigh\nHygroscopicity","volume":"31","author":"Nandakumar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1802158","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.201802158","article-title":"Superwetting Monolithic\nHollow-Carbon-Nanotubes Aerogels with Hierarchically Nanoporous Structure\nfor Efficient Solar Steam Generation","volume":"9","author":"Mu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Energy\nMater."},{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1039\/C9EE03256H","article-title":"Resonant Energy Transfer Enhances\nSolar Thermal Desalination","volume":"13","author":"Alabastri","year":"2020","journal-title":"Energy Environ.\nSci."},{"key":"2026081719212416900_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13182","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1905311116","article-title":"Solar Thermal Desalination\nas a Nonlinear Optical Process","volume":"116","author":"Dongare","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc. Natl.\nAcad. Sci. U. S. A."}],"container-title":["ACS Nano"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acsnano.0c02250","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/ancac3\/article-pdf\/14\/5\/6213\/9504975\/nn0c02250.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/ancac3\/article-pdf\/14\/5\/6213\/9504975\/nn0c02250.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T08:13:04Z","timestamp":1787040784000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/ancac3\/article\/14\/5\/6213\/882758\/Reusable-and-Recyclable-Graphene-Masks-with"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,24]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,24]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,26]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsnano.0c02250","relation":{},"ISSN":["1936-0851","1936-086X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1936-0851","type":"print"},{"value":"1936-086X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,24]]}}}