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However, H2\/air mixtures are explosive at H2 concentrations above 4%, thus any leakage of H2 must be rapidly and reliably detected at much lower concentrations to ensure safety. Among the various types of H2 sensors, chemiresistive sensors are one of the most promising sensing systems due to their simplicity and low cost. This review highlights the advances in H2 chemiresistors, including metal-, semiconducting metal oxide-, carbon-based materials, and other materials. The underlying sensing mechanisms for different types of materials are discussed, and the correlation of sensing performances with nanostructures, surface chemistry, and electronic properties is presented. In addition, the discussion of each material emphasizes key advances and strategies to develop superior H2 sensors. Furthermore, recent key advances in other types of H2 sensors are briefly discussed. Finally, the review concludes with a brief outlook, perspective, and future directions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.0c05307","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,30]],"date-time":"2020-10-30T07:47:06Z","timestamp":1604044026000},"page":"14284-14322","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":394,"title":["Chemiresistive\nHydrogen Sensors: Fundamentals, Recent\nAdvances, and Challenges"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Won-Tae","family":"Koo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , , 291 Daehak-ro , Yuseong-gu, ,","place":["Daejeon, Republic of Korea, 34141"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hee-Jin","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , , 291 Daehak-ro , Yuseong-gu, ,","place":["Daejeon, Republic of Korea, 34141"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong-Ha","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , , 291 Daehak-ro , Yuseong-gu, ,","place":["Daejeon, Republic of Korea, 34141"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoon Hwa","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , , 291 Daehak-ro , Yuseong-gu, ,","place":["Daejeon, Republic of Korea, 34141"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamin","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , , 291 Daehak-ro , Yuseong-gu, ,","place":["Daejeon, Republic of Korea, 34141"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2831-3028","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Reginald M.","family":"Penner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California , , , ,","place":["Irvine, California, United States, 92697-2025"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9970-2218","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Il-Doo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , , 291 Daehak-ro , Yuseong-gu, ,","place":["Daejeon, Republic of Korea, 34141"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026081720171006500_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1103197","article-title":"Sustainable\nHydrogen Production","volume":"305","author":"Turner","year":"2004","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026081720171006500_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/S1364-0321(02)00004-7","article-title":"Current Status\nof Hydrogen Energy","volume":"6","author":"Momirlan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Renewable Sustainable Energy\nRev."},{"key":"2026081720171006500_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1126\/science.180.4093.1325","article-title":"Hydrogen: Its Future Role in the\nNation\u2019s Energy Economy","volume":"180","author":"Winsche","year":"1973","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026081720171006500_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1081\/CR-100104386","article-title":"Onboard\nFuel Conversion for Hydrogen-Fuel-Cell-Driven\nVehicles","volume":"43","author":"Trimm","year":"2001","journal-title":"Catal. 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