{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T03:22:11Z","timestamp":1790997731932,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":367,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"35","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787529600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018694","name":"HORIZON EUROPE Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["101086184"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101086184"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018694","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100031478","name":"NextGenerationEU","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100031478","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003407","name":"Ministero dell?Istruzione, dell?Universit? e della Ricerca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["101199993 CUP C93C25004760006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101199993 CUP C93C25004760006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003407","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003407","name":"Ministero dell?Istruzione, dell?Universit? e della Ricerca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["202274SLX8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202274SLX8"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003407","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003407","name":"Ministero dell?Istruzione, dell?Universit? e della Ricerca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CUP C53D23002300001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CUP C53D23002300001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003407","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004070","name":"Khalifa University of Science, Technology and Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KU-INT-FSU-2024-8474000719"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KU-INT-FSU-2024-8474000719"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004070","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004070","name":"Khalifa University of Science, Technology and Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KU-INT-IRNE-2025-8471000005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KU-INT-IRNE-2025-8471000005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004070","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/na","name":"Horizon 2020 European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["101199993"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101199993"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/na","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/na","name":"Research and Innovation Center for Graphene and 2D Materials, Khalifa University of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["OC077"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OC077"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/na","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>MXenes, a rapidly expanding family of two-dimensional transition-metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides, have gained considerable attention as highly versatile nanomaterials for biomedical applications owing to their high electrical conductivity, chemically tunable surfaces, mixed ionic\u2013electronic transport, and controllable redox activity. This review provides a structured overview of MXene-based biomedical technologies, organized by their functional interaction with the human body. We first examine on-body applications, highlighting MXene-enabled wearable, epidermal, and implantable bioelectronics. We then discuss in-body applications, including regenerative medicine, advanced cancer therapies, and antimicrobial strategies, emphasizing how MXene chemistry regulates biological interactions and therapeutic performance. Finally, we address applications outside the body, such as biosensing and diagnostic platforms, where MXenes enhance sensitivity, signal transduction, and imaging capabilities. Beyond summarizing recent advances, this review critically analyzes current gaps in knowledge, including long-term biocompatibility, degradation pathways, immune interactions, and structure\u2013activity relationships, which currently limit clinical translation. We conclude by outlining key future directions, including sustainable synthesis, oxidation-resistant and fluorine-free MXenes, and the integration of artificial intelligence to accelerate materials discovery and application-specific design. Together, these insights position MXenes as chemistry-programmable nanoplatforms with strong potential to bridge on-body, in-body, and outside-the-body biomedical technologies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.6c05051","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T15:43:48Z","timestamp":1788191028000},"page":"24189-24232","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["MXene Chemistries\nfor Biomedicine: On-Body, In-Body,\nand Beyond"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7638-4907","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Damla","family":"Alkaya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ankara University , , ,","place":["Ankara, Tu\u0308rkiye, 06790"]},{"name":"Ankara University , , ,","place":["Ankara, Tu\u0308rkiye, 06110"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Cagliani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Khalifa University of Science and Technology , , ,","place":["Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, 127788"]},{"name":"University of Padova , , ,","place":["Padova, Italy, 3513"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gokce Yagmur","family":"Summak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ankara University , , ,","place":["Ankara, Tu\u0308rkiye, 06790"]},{"name":"Ankara University , , ,","place":["Ankara, Tu\u0308rkiye, 06110"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda","family":"Giro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Khalifa University of Science and Technology , , ,","place":["Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, 127788"]},{"name":"University of Padova , , ,","place":["Padova, Italy, 3513"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omur","family":"Besbinar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ankara University , , ,","place":["Ankara, Tu\u0308rkiye, 06790"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-1626-7174","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Maha","family":"Alhosani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Khalifa University of Science and Technology , , ,","place":["Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, 127788"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maksym","family":"Pogorielov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Latvia , , ,","place":["Riga, Latvia, LV-1004"]},{"name":"Sumy State University , , ,","place":["Sumy, Ukraine, 40007"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehak","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Manitoba , , , ,","place":["Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3E 0J9"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2664-7633","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sanjiv","family":"Dhingra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Manitoba , , , ,","place":["Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3E 0J9"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Orecchioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Augusta University , , , ,","place":["Augusta, Georgia, United States, 30912"]},{"name":"Augusta University , , , ,","place":["Augusta, Georgia, United States, 30912"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flavia","family":"Vitale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pennsylvania , , , ,","place":["Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, 19104"]},{"name":"University of Pennsylvania , , , ,","place":["Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, 19104"]},{"name":"University of Pennsylvania , , , ,","place":["Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, 19104"]},{"name":"Institute for Complex Systems CNR Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , ,","place":["Rome, Italy, 00185"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giacomo","family":"Chessa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Khalifa University of Science and Technology , , ,","place":["Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, 127788"]},{"name":"University of Sassari , ,","place":["Sassari, Italy, 07100"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Palmieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Complex Systems CNR Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , ,","place":["Rome, Italy, 00185"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Chacon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Drexel University , , , ,","place":["Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, 19104"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9423-4032","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yury","family":"Gogotsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sumy State University , , ,","place":["Sumy, Ukraine, 40007"]},{"name":"Drexel University , , , ,","place":["Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, 19104"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7980-4073","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Anna-Maria","family":"Pappa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Khalifa University of Science and Technology , , ,","place":["Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, 127788"]},{"name":"Khalifa University of Science and Technology , , ,","place":["Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, 127788"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Fusco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Khalifa University of Science and Technology , , ,","place":["Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, 127788"]},{"name":"University of Padova , , ,","place":["Padova, Italy, 3513"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2712-7450","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Acelya","family":"Yilmazer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ankara University , , ,","place":["Ankara, Tu\u0308rkiye, 06790"]},{"name":"Ankara University , , ,","place":["Ankara, Tu\u0308rkiye, 06830"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2329-7260","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lucia Gemma","family":"Delogu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Khalifa University of Science and Technology , , ,","place":["Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, 127788"]},{"name":"University of Padova , , ,","place":["Padova, Italy, 3513"]},{"name":"Khalifa University of Science and Technology , , ,","place":["Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, 127788"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"19","key":"2026090809100909200_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11781","DOI":"10.1039\/D5NR90075A","article-title":"Introduction to MXene\nchemistries in biology, medicine and sensing","volume":"17","author":"Pogorielov","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090809100909200_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/natrevmats.2016.98","article-title":"2D metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes)\nfor energy storage","volume":"2","author":"Anasori","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mater."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026090809100909200_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201304138","article-title":"25th anniversary article:\nMXenes: a new family of two-dimensional materials","volume":"26","author":"Naguib","year":"2014","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"14","key":"2026090809100909200_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5109","DOI":"10.1039\/C7CS00838D","article-title":"Two-dimensional transition\nmetal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) for biomedical applications","volume":"47","author":"Huang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2024.116078","article-title":"Ti3C2 MXene-based\nnanozyme as coreaction accelerator for enhancing\nelectrochemiluminescence of glucose biosensing","volume":"250","author":"Momeni","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026090809100909200_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chas.1c00051","article-title":"Safe Synthesis of MAX and MXene:\nGuidelines to Reduce\nRisk During Synthesis","volume":"28","author":"Shuck","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Chem. Health Saf."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026090809100909200_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-023-01513-0","article-title":"A wearable\naptamer nanobiosensor for non-invasive female hormone monitoring","volume":"19","author":"Ye","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Nanotechnol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090809100909200_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1632","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.6b04830","article-title":"Dispersions\nof Two-Dimensional Titanium\nCarbide MXene in Organic Solvents","volume":"29","author":"Maleski","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chem. Mater."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms2664","article-title":"Intercalation and delamination\nof layered carbides and carbonitrides","volume":"4","author":"Mashtalir","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat.\nCommun."},{"issue":"8","key":"2026090809100909200_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smtd.202300030","article-title":"Step-by-Step Guide for Synthesis and Delamination of Ti3C2Tx MXene","volume":"7","author":"Thakur","year":"2023","journal-title":"Small Methods"},{"issue":"35","key":"2026090809100909200_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202307106","article-title":"Molten Salt Derived MXenes: Synthesis\nand Applications","volume":"11","author":"Kruger","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2016.10.127","article-title":"Synthesis of two-dimensional\nTi3C2Tx MXene using\nHCl plus LiF etchant:\nEnhanced exfoliation and delamination","volume":"695","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Alloys\nCompd."},{"issue":"21","key":"2026090809100909200_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8767","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.3c02491","article-title":"The Future\nof MXenes","volume":"35","author":"Gogotsi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chem. Mater."},{"issue":"8","key":"2026090809100909200_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8491","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.9b06394","article-title":"The Rise of MXenes","volume":"13","author":"Gogotsi","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2024.216305","article-title":"Versatility\nof MXene based materials\nfor the electrochemical detection of phenolic contaminants","volume":"525","author":"Umapathi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Coord. Chem. Rev."},{"issue":"15","key":"2026090809100909200_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8091","DOI":"10.1039\/D3TA00344B","article-title":"Fusing\na machine\nlearning strategy with density functional theory to hasten the discovery\nof 2D MXene-based catalysts for hydrogen generation","volume":"11","author":"Abraham","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. A"},{"issue":"20","key":"2026090809100909200_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10295","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.4c02274","article-title":"Pivotal Role of Surface\nTerminations in MXene Thermodynamic Stability","volume":"36","author":"Rems","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chem. Mater."},{"issue":"8","key":"2026090809100909200_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1021\/accountsmr.2c00025","article-title":"Biomedical\nApplications\nof MXenes: From Nanomedicine to Biomaterials","volume":"3","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acc. Mater. Res."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026090809100909200_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3387","DOI":"10.1039\/D3CS01024D","article-title":"MXenes in healthcare:\nsynthesis, fundamentals and applications","volume":"54","author":"Babar","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chem.\nSoc. Rev."},{"issue":"612","key":"2026090809100909200_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.abf8629","article-title":"MXene-infused\nbioelectronic interfaces for multiscale electrophysiology and stimulation","volume":"13","author":"Driscoll","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"issue":"11","key":"2026090809100909200_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1149\/1945-7111\/ac2fc6","article-title":"Review-MXene\nBased Transducer for Biosensor Applications","volume":"168","author":"Thenmozhi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Electrochem. Soc."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026090809100909200_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202407856","article-title":"The Future of MXenes: Exploring Oxidative\nDegradation Pathways and\nCoping with Surface\/Edge Passivation Approach","volume":"21","author":"Khalid","year":"2025","journal-title":"Small"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090809100909200_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202515604","article-title":"A Review on MXene Terminations","volume":"36","author":"Thangavelu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.09.038","article-title":"Biocompatibility and immunomodulation\nof MXenes for targeted delivery of bioactive agents and drugs","volume":"55","author":"Ramezani Farani","year":"2026","journal-title":"Bioact. Mater."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-22278-x","article-title":"2D vanadium carbide MXenzyme to alleviate\nROS-mediated inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"12","author":"Feng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"34","key":"2026090809100909200_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47919","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.5c08807","article-title":"Effects\nof Etching and\nDelamination on Biocompatibility of Ti-Based MXenes","volume":"17","author":"Diedkova","year":"2025","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"issue":"34","key":"2026090809100909200_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202203430","article-title":"Biomedical\nApplications\nof MXene-Integrated Composites: Regenerative Medicine, Infection Therapy,\nCancer Treatment, and Biosensing","volume":"32","author":"Maleki","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Funct.\nMater."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090809100909200_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tcr.202300338","article-title":"Potential Biosafety\nof Mxenes: Stability, Biodegradability,\nToxicity and Biocompatibility","volume":"24","author":"Dmytriv","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chem. Rec."},{"issue":"12","key":"2026090809100909200_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6557","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.9b01476","article-title":"Cytotoxicity\nassessment of Ti\u2013Al\u2013C based MAX phases and Ti3C2Tx MXenes on human fibroblasts\nand cervical cancer cells","volume":"5","author":"Scheibe","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Biomater. Sci.\nEng."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2021.111592","article-title":"Cytotoxicity\nof MXene-based nanomaterials\nfor biomedical applications: A mini review","volume":"201","author":"Lim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"issue":"8","key":"2026090809100909200_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smtd.202201579","article-title":"Biocompatible\nand Oxidation-Resistant Ti3C2Tx MXene with Halogen-Free\nSurface Terminations","volume":"7","author":"Yoon","year":"2023","journal-title":"Small Methods"},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2020.110790","article-title":"A simple, low-cost and green method for controlling\nthe cytotoxicity of MXenes","volume":"111","author":"Rozmys\u0142owska-Wojciechowska","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng.,\nC"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090809100909200_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202402576","article-title":"Transparent MXene Microelectrode\nArrays for Multimodal Mapping of Neural Dynamics","volume":"14","author":"Shankar","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Healthcare Mater."},{"issue":"21","key":"2026090809100909200_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202511486","article-title":"Advancing\nDry Electroencephalography With Scalable,\nSoft, and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation-Compatible Ti3C2Tx MXene Electrodes for\nResearch and Clinical-Grade Applications","volume":"13","author":"Shankar","year":"2026","journal-title":"Adv.\nSci."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.10.001","article-title":"Hydrogel\ndelivering antifibrotic agent and nano-sonosensitizer enhances efficacy\nof sonodynamic therapy in osteosarcoma treatment","volume":"56","author":"Lin","year":"2026","journal-title":"Bioact. Mater."},{"issue":"9","key":"2026090809100909200_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3784","DOI":"10.1039\/D1MA01170G","article-title":"MXene wearables: properties, fabrication\nstrategies, sensing mechanism\nand applications","volume":"3","author":"Kedambaimoole","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mater. Adv."},{"issue":"17","key":"2026090809100909200_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202422374","article-title":"Biomimetic Pyrolytic\nMXene-Based\nMultifunctional Films with Multi-Level Structure for Wearable Piezoresistive\nDevices and Bioelectronics","volume":"35","author":"Huang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"issue":"19","key":"2026090809100909200_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4668","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules29194668","article-title":"Molecular Dynamics Study of Bending\nDeformation of Mo2Ti2C3 and Ti4C3 (MXenes) Nanoribbons","volume":"29","author":"Borysiuk","year":"2024","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mattod.2024.10.008","article-title":"MXene-enabled textile-based\nenergy grid utilizing wireless charging","volume":"81","author":"Inman","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mater.\nToday"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026090809100909200_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5195","DOI":"10.1021\/acsaelm.5c00590","article-title":"MXene Empowers\nRecycled Chewed Gum for Bioelectronics and Wearable Sensors: Toward\nthe Sustainable, High-Value Utilization of Waste","volume":"7","author":"Yin","year":"2025","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Electron. Mater."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026090809100909200_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.3390\/ma16031138","article-title":"MXene-Based\nNanomaterials for Multifunctional Applications","volume":"16","author":"Perera","year":"2023","journal-title":"Materials"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026090809100909200_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anbr.202500038","article-title":"Dual-Action 3D Bioprinted Scaffolds with MXene Quantum\nDots for Tumor Suppression and Breast Tissue Regeneration Postmastectomy","volume":"5","author":"Alkaya","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. NanoBiomed Res."},{"issue":"11","key":"2026090809100909200_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1840","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.37438","article-title":"Recent advances\nand trends in the applications of MXene nanomaterials for tissue engineering\nand regeneration","volume":"110","author":"Zhong","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater. Res., Part\nA"},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matchemphys.2025.131092","article-title":"MXenes in tissue engineering and\nregenerative medicine: Advances, challenges, and future perspectives","volume":"343","author":"Amani","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mater. Chem. Phys."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1039\/D5NH00178A","article-title":"Antibacterial properties\nand underlying mechanisms of Mo2TiC2Tx and Mo2Ti2C3Tx MXenes targeting Escherichia coli (Gram-negative bacterium)","volume":"11","author":"Pilevar","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nanoscale Horiz."},{"issue":"16","key":"2026090809100909200_cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202310599","article-title":"Achieving Clearance\nof Drug-Resistant Bacterial Infection and Rapid\nCutaneous Wound Regeneration Using an ROS-Balancing-Engineered Heterojunction","volume":"36","author":"Geng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.01.035","article-title":"MXenes as emerging\nmaterials to repair electroactive tissues and organs","volume":"48","author":"Alagarsamy","year":"2025","journal-title":"Bioact. Mater."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026090809100909200_cit48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.201901502","article-title":"Advances and Impact of Antioxidant\nHydrogel in Chronic Wound Healing","volume":"9","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Healthcare\nMater."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026090809100909200_cit49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.3390\/gels9030185","article-title":"Application\nof Collagen-Based Hydrogel in Skin Wound Healing","volume":"9","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gels"},{"issue":"47","key":"2026090809100909200_cit50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202000842","article-title":"3D MXene\nArchitectures for Efficient Energy\nStorage and Conversion","volume":"30","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"issue":"14","key":"2026090809100909200_cit51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3513","DOI":"10.1039\/D4NA00239C","article-title":"MXene-based composites in smart wound healing and dressings","volume":"6","author":"Zarepour","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nanoscale Adv."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2020.08.010","article-title":"Unique cellular\nnetwork formation guided by heterostructures based on reduced graphene\noxide - Ti3C2Tx MXene\nhydrogels","volume":"115","author":"Wychowaniec","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"issue":"11","key":"2026090809100909200_cit53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14033","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.2c22780","article-title":"Polycaprolactone-MXene\nNanofibrous Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering","volume":"15","author":"Diedkova","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090809100909200_cit54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202201862","article-title":"Bioactive MXene Promoting Angiogenesis\nand Skeletal Muscle Regeneration through Regulating M2 Polarization\nand Oxidation Stress","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Healthcare Mater."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090809100909200_cit55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2468","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.0c06287","article-title":"Conductive Antibacterial Hemostatic Multifunctional Scaffolds Based\non Ti3C2Tx MXene\nNanosheets for Promoting Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria-Infected Wound\nHealing","volume":"15","author":"Zhou","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026090809100909200_cit56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4269","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.3c09721","article-title":"Highly Bioactive MXene-M2-Exosome\nNanocomposites Promote Angiogenic\nDiabetic Wound Repair through Reconstructing High Glucose-Derived\nImmune Inhibition","volume":"18","author":"Jiang","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090809100909200_cit57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.2c01174","article-title":"MXene-Functionalized\nFerroelectric Nanocomposite Membranes\nwith Modulating Surface Potential Enhance Bone Regeneration","volume":"9","author":"Fu","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng."},{"issue":"12","key":"2026090809100909200_cit58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14421","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.3c16577","article-title":"Injectable Nanocomposite\nHydrogels with Strong Antibacterial, Osteoinductive,\nand ROS-Scavenging Capabilities for Periodontitis Treatment","volume":"16","author":"Yu","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-022-01590-8","article-title":"Two-dimensional\nTi3C2Tx MXene promotes\nelectrophysiological maturation of neural circuits","volume":"20","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnol."},{"issue":"32","key":"2026090809100909200_cit60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202203557","article-title":"Ti3C2Tx MXene Composite\n3D Hydrogel Potentiates mTOR Signaling to Promote the Generation of\nFunctional Hair Cells in Cochlea Organoids","volume":"9","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2023.1154301","article-title":"Applications of MXene\nand its modified materials in skin wound repair","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."},{"issue":"S3","key":"2026090809100909200_cit62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.18854","article-title":"Wound healing and\nmicrobiome, an unexpected relationship","volume":"37","author":"Canchy","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Eur.\nAcad. Dermatol. Venereol."},{"issue":"16","key":"2026090809100909200_cit63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.201900569","article-title":"Application\nof Ti3C2 MXene Quantum Dots for Immunomodulation\nand Regenerative\nMedicine","volume":"8","author":"Rafieerad","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Healthcare Mater."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026090809100909200_cit64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202307613","article-title":"Antibacterial\nand Angiogenic (2A) Bio-Heterojunctions Facilitate Infectious Ischemic\nWound Regeneration via an Endogenous-Exogenous Bistimulatory Strategy","volume":"36","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-023-01933-z","article-title":"Spontaneous\nformation of MXene-oxidized sono\/chemo-dynamic sonosensitizer\/nanocatalyst\nfor antibacteria and bone-tissue regeneration","volume":"21","author":"Yu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnol."},{"issue":"12","key":"2026090809100909200_cit66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202102367","article-title":"MXene-Enhanced\nChitin Composite Sponges\nwith Antibacterial and Hemostatic Activity for Wound Healing","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Healthcare Mater."},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2024.129489","article-title":"MXene-NH2\/chitosan hemostatic sponges for\nrapid wound healing","volume":"260","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"issue":"Pt 2","key":"2026090809100909200_cit68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2023.125101","article-title":"MXene\/zinc ion embedded\nagar\/sodium\nalginate hydrogel for rapid and efficient sterilization with photothermal\nand chemical synergetic therapy","volume":"266","author":"Hu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Talanta"},{"issue":"28","key":"2026090809100909200_cit69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202301060","article-title":"Cryptotanshinone-Doped\nPhotothermal Synergistic MXene@PDA Nanosheets with Antibacterial and\nAnti-Inflammatory Properties for Wound Healing","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Healthcare Mater."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioadv.2022.213055","article-title":"Generation of cost-effective MXene@polydopamine-decorated\nchitosan nanofibrous wound dressing for promoting wound healing","volume":"140","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomater. Adv."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2017.10.003","article-title":"Unraveling the mechanistic\neffects\nof electric field stimulation towards directing stem cell fate and\nfunction: A tissue engineering perspective","volume":"150","author":"Thrivikraman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"issue":"19","key":"2026090809100909200_cit72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202000872","article-title":"Biodegradable and Electroactive\nRegenerated Bacterial Cellulose\/MXene\n(Ti3C2Tx) Composite\nHydrogel as Wound Dressing for Accelerating Skin Wound Healing under\nElectrical Stimulation","volume":"9","author":"Mao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Healthcare Mater."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2021.05.027","article-title":"Near-infrared light-controllable\nMXene hydrogel for tunable on-demand release of therapeutic proteins","volume":"130","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"issue":"50","key":"2026090809100909200_cit74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202103993","article-title":"Growth Factor-Decorated\nTi3C2 MXene\/MoS2 2D Bio-Heterojunctions\nwith Quad-Channel Photonic Disinfection for Effective Regeneration\nof Bacteria-Invaded Cutaneous Tissue","volume":"17","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Small"},{"issue":"22","key":"2026090809100909200_cit75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202201155","article-title":"Dynamically\nResponsive Scaffolds from Microfluidic 3D Printing for Skin Flap Regeneration","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2023.01.035","article-title":"Intestine-inspired\nwrinkled MXene microneedle dressings for smart wound management","volume":"159","author":"Lu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090809100909200_cit77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.3390\/ph13040060","article-title":"The Treatment\nof Impaired Wound Healing in Diabetes: Looking among Old Drugs","volume":"13","author":"Spampinato","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals"},{"issue":"20","key":"2026090809100909200_cit78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202200717","article-title":"Sponge-Like Macroporous Hydrogel\nwith Antibacterial and ROS Scavenging Capabilities for Diabetic Wound\nRegeneration","volume":"11","author":"Wei","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Healthcare Mater."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026090809100909200_cit79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202104368","article-title":"Multiple Stimuli-Responsive MXene-Based Hydrogel as Intelligent Drug\nDelivery Carriers for Deep Chronic Wound Healing","volume":"18","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Small"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-9-66","article-title":"Bone regeneration:\ncurrent concepts and future directions","volume":"9","author":"Dimitriou","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC\nMed."},{"issue":"22","key":"2026090809100909200_cit81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202205511","article-title":"RhRu Alloy-Anchored\nMXene Nanozyme for Synergistic Osteosarcoma Therapy","volume":"19","author":"Liang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Small"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40580-022-00329-3","article-title":"Ternary MXene-loaded PLCL\/collagen\nnanofibrous scaffolds that promote spontaneous osteogenic differentiation","volume":"9","author":"Lee","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nano Convergence"},{"issue":"14","key":"2026090809100909200_cit83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201906814","article-title":"Engineering\n2D Mesoporous Silica@MXene-Integrated 3D-Printing Scaffolds for Combinatory\nOsteosarcoma Therapy and NO-Augmented Bone Regeneration","volume":"16","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10091","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S227830","article-title":"Multilayered Titanium Carbide MXene Film for Guided\nBone Regeneration","volume":"14","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."},{"issue":"11","key":"2026090809100909200_cit85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2921","DOI":"10.1039\/D3NA00187C","article-title":"Surface-modified\nTi3C2 MXene nanosheets for mesenchymal stem\ncell osteogenic differentiation via photothermal conversion","volume":"5","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nanoscale Adv."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026090809100909200_cit86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-605X\/ac5ffe","article-title":"3D printing of Ti3C2-MXene-incorporated\ncomposite scaffolds for accelerated\nbone regeneration","volume":"17","author":"Mi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomed. Mater."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2022.08.025","article-title":"Piezoresistive MXene\/Silk fibroin nanocomposite hydrogel\nfor accelerating bone regeneration by Re-establishing electrical microenvironment","volume":"22","author":"Hu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Bioact. Mater."},{"issue":"28","key":"2026090809100909200_cit88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202300111","article-title":"Mild Photothermal-Stimulation\nBased on Injectable and Photocurable Hydrogels Orchestrates Immunomodulation\nand Osteogenesis for High-Performance Bone Regeneration","volume":"19","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Small"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40820-020-00547-6","article-title":"Nb2C MXene-Functionalized\nScaffolds Enables Osteosarcoma Phototherapy and Angiogenesis\/Osteogenesis\nof Bone Defects","volume":"13","author":"Yin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nano-Micro Lett."},{"issue":"14","key":"2026090809100909200_cit90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17208","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.3c19410","article-title":"Conductive\nand Enhanced Mechanical Strength of Mo2Ti2C3 MXene-Based Hydrogel Promotes\nNeurogenesis and Bone Regeneration in Bone Defect Repair","volume":"16","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"issue":"22","key":"2026090809100909200_cit91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202101215","article-title":"Ultrathin 2D Titanium Carbide MXene\n(Ti3C2Tx) Nanoflakes\nActivate WNT\/HIF-1alpha-Mediated\nMetabolism Reprogramming for Periodontal Regeneration","volume":"10","author":"Cui","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Healthcare Mater."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026090809100909200_cit92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1669","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.81511","article-title":"Ultrasound-controlled MXene-based Schottky heterojunction\nimproves anti-infection and osteogenesis properties","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-023-02283-6","article-title":"Bioactive VS4-based sonosensitizer\nfor robust chemodynamic, sonodynamic and osteogenic\ntherapy of infected bone defects","volume":"22","author":"He","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090809100909200_cit94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.379037","article-title":"Recent advances\nin the application of MXenes for neural tissue engineering and regeneration","volume":"19","author":"Liao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neural Regener. Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026090809100909200_cit95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2129","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.1c00591","article-title":"Cation-Induced\nAssembly of Conductive MXene Fibers for Wearable Heater,\nWireless Communication, and Stem Cell Differentiation","volume":"9","author":"Fu","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2020.12.035","article-title":"2D Ti3C2Tx MXene\ncouples electrical stimulation to promote proliferation and neural\ndifferentiation of neural stem cells","volume":"139","author":"Guo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2023.113652","article-title":"Conductive 3D Ti3C2Tx MXene-Matrigel hydrogels promote proliferation and\nneuronal differentiation of neural stem cells","volume":"233","author":"Wei","year":"2024","journal-title":"Colloids Surf., B"},{"issue":"25","key":"2026090809100909200_cit98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202300731","article-title":"Surface Functional\nModification by\nTi3C2Tx MXene on\nPLLA Nanofibers for Optimizing Neural Stem Cell Engineering","volume":"12","author":"Zhu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Healthcare Mater."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10856-024-06811-0","article-title":"MXene-bpV plays a neuroprotective\nrole in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by activating the Akt\nand promoting the M2 microglial polarization signaling pathways","volume":"35","author":"Cheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-022-01669-2","article-title":"GelMA-MXene hydrogel\nnerve conduits with microgrooves for spinal\ncord injury repair","volume":"20","author":"Cai","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnol."},{"issue":"10","key":"2026090809100909200_cit101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16744","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.2c06306","article-title":"3D Ti3C2Tx MXene-Matrigel\nwith Electroacoustic Stimulation\nto Promote the Growth of Spiral Ganglion Neurons","volume":"16","author":"Liao","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2021.100975","article-title":"Early and late stage gene therapy\ninterventions for inherited retinal degenerations","volume":"86","author":"Botto","year":"2022","journal-title":"Prog. Retinal Eye Res."},{"issue":"25","key":"2026090809100909200_cit103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202302747","article-title":"Bifunctional MXene-Augmented Retinal Progenitor\nCell Transplantation for Retinal Degeneration","volume":"10","author":"Tang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090809100909200_cit104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2017.154","article-title":"Epidemiology of cardiovascular disease\nin young individuals","volume":"15","author":"Andersson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cardiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090809100909200_cit105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.31083\/j.rcm.2019.04.534","article-title":"Application of injectable\nhydrogels\nfor cardiac stem cell therapy and tissue engineering","volume":"20","author":"Narayan Alagarsamy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev. Cardiovasc. Med."},{"issue":"25","key":"2026090809100909200_cit106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2002","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.123.067097","article-title":"Advanced Cardiac\nPatches for the Treatment of Myocardial Infarction","volume":"149","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2021.08.031","article-title":"Electroconductive biomaterials\nfor cardiac tissue engineering","volume":"139","author":"Esmaeili","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41699-023-00409-w","article-title":"MXene functionalized collagen biomaterials\nfor cardiac\ntissue engineering driving iPSC-derived cardiomyocyte maturation","volume":"7","author":"Asaro","year":"2023","journal-title":"npj 2D Mater. Appl."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2020.12.033","article-title":"Electrically\nconductive 3D printed Ti3C2Tx MXene-PEG composite constructs for cardiac tissue engineering","volume":"139","author":"Basara","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"issue":"13","key":"2026090809100909200_cit110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12290","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.3c00933","article-title":"A Conductive and\nAdhesive Hydrogel Composed of MXene\nNanoflakes as a Paintable Cardiac Patch for Infarcted Heart Repair","volume":"17","author":"Lee","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090809100909200_cit111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2378","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.biomac.4c01752","article-title":"MXene-Incorporated\nConductive Hydrogel Simulating Myocardial Microenvironment for Cardiac\nRepair and Functional Recovery","volume":"26","author":"Yu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomacromolecules"},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2022.10.005","article-title":"Functional two-dimensional MXenes as cancer theranostic agents","volume":"154","author":"Gao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026090809100909200_cit113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21565","article-title":"Cancer treatment and survivorship statistics, 2019","volume":"69","author":"Miller","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ca-Cancer J. Clin."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026090809100909200_cit114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3611","DOI":"10.1021\/cr200325f","article-title":"Contemporary challenges in the design\nof topoisomerase\nII inhibitors for cancer chemotherapy","volume":"112","author":"Bailly","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chem.\nRev."},{"issue":"7494","key":"2026090809100909200_cit115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13187","article-title":"Tumour\ncell heterogeneity maintained by cooperating subclones in Wnt-driven\nmammary cancers","volume":"508","author":"Cleary","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2020.38.15_suppl.e23579","volume-title":"Combined surgeries\nfor retroperitoneal tumors","author":"Kit","year":"2020"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026090809100909200_cit117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1038\/nrclinonc.2015.120","article-title":"Opportunities and challenges of radiotherapy\nfor treating cancer","volume":"12","author":"Schaue","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol."},{"issue":"10","key":"2026090809100909200_cit118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201701460","article-title":"Multifunctional Photonic Nanomaterials\nfor Diagnostic, Therapeutic, and Theranostic Applications","volume":"30","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"14","key":"2026090809100909200_cit119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3922","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-17-0122","article-title":"Somatic\nMutations Drive\nDistinct Imaging Phenotypes in Lung Cancer","volume":"77","author":"Rios Velazquez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40580-019-0193-2","article-title":"Current trends and challenges in\ncancer management and therapy using designer nanomaterials","volume":"6","author":"Navya","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nano Convergence"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026090809100909200_cit121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2585","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.9b08133","article-title":"Nanomaterials for Nanotheranostics:\nTuning Their Properties According to Disease Needs","volume":"14","author":"Wong","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/3868354","article-title":"The Role of\nHerbal Bioactive Components\nin Mitochondria Function and Cancer Therapy","volume":"2019","author":"Tao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Evidence-Based Complementary Altern. Med."},{"issue":"11","key":"2026090809100909200_cit123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-020-00727-5","article-title":"The critical roles of somatic mutations and environmental\ntumor-promoting agents in cancer risk","volume":"52","author":"Balmain","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat.\nGenet."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2019.12.228","article-title":"Purification, characterization\nand\nanticancer activities of exopolysaccharide produced by Rhodococcus\nerythropolis HX-2","volume":"145","author":"Hu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"issue":"9","key":"2026090809100909200_cit125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6635","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.9b02903","article-title":"Intracellularly\nGenerated Immunological Gold Nanoparticles for Combinatorial Photothermal\nTherapy and Immunotherapy against Tumor","volume":"19","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nano\nLett."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.930125","article-title":"Current Progress in Cancer Treatment\nUsing Nanomaterials","volume":"12","author":"Zhu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bej.2023.108828","article-title":"Carbon nanomaterials: Types, synthesis\nstrategies and\ntheir application as drug delivery system for cancer therapy","volume":"192","author":"Brindhadevi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biochem. Eng. J."},{"issue":"10","key":"2026090809100909200_cit128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201603446","article-title":"Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials for Cancer Nanotheranostics","volume":"13","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Small"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-024-02319-5","article-title":"Two-dimensional nanomaterials\ninduced nano-bio interfacial effects and biomedical applications in\ncancer treatment","volume":"22","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnol."},{"issue":"13","key":"2026090809100909200_cit130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201902333","article-title":"2D Nanomaterials\nfor Cancer Theranostic Applications","volume":"32","author":"Cheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"20","key":"2026090809100909200_cit131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202300153","article-title":"Tumor Therapy Strategies Based on Microenvironment-Specific Responsive\nNanomaterials","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Healthcare Mater."},{"issue":"35","key":"2026090809100909200_cit132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202401631","article-title":"Cancer Nanovaccines: Nanomaterials and Clinical Perspectives","volume":"20","author":"Desai","year":"2024","journal-title":"Small"},{"issue":"15","key":"2026090809100909200_cit133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7657","DOI":"10.1039\/D4CS00421C","article-title":"Lymphoid organ-targeted nanomaterials for immunomodulation of cancer,\ninflammation, and beyond","volume":"53","author":"Hsu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40580-021-00282-7","article-title":"Cancer nanotechnology: current status\nand perspectives","volume":"8","author":"Kemp","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nano Convergence"},{"issue":"13","key":"2026090809100909200_cit135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4488","DOI":"10.1039\/D2CS00840H","article-title":"One-dimensional\nnanomaterials for cancer therapy and diagnosis","volume":"52","author":"Shin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmatsci.2021.100884","article-title":"A comprehensive\nreview on planar boron nitride nanomaterials: From 2D nanosheets towards\n0D quantum dots","volume":"124","author":"Angizi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Prog. Mater. Sci."},{"issue":"9","key":"2026090809100909200_cit137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1344","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics13091344","article-title":"Black Phosphorus, an\nEmerging Versatile Nanoplatform\nfor Cancer Immunotherapy","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5955","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S249712","article-title":"Functionalized Graphene Platforms for Anticancer Drug\nDelivery","volume":"Volume 16","author":"Sattari","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoso.2020.100457","article-title":"Cancer\ntheranostic applications of\nMXene nanomaterials: Recent updates","volume":"22","author":"Sivasankarapillai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nano-Struct.\nNano-Objects"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026090809100909200_cit140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2021.04.021","article-title":"MoS2-based\nnanocomposites for cancer diagnosis and therapy","volume":"6","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bioact. Mater."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matdes.2020.109298","article-title":"Recent advances\nin LDH-based nanosystems for cancer therapy","volume":"198","author":"Wen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mater. Des."},{"issue":"12","key":"2026090809100909200_cit142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2053","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cclet.2019.10.028","article-title":"2020 roadmap on two-dimensional\nmaterials for energy storage and conversion","volume":"30","author":"Xu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chin. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surfin.2022.102493","article-title":"Fabrication of MXene (Ti3C2Tx) based conducting polymer\nmaterials and\ntheir applications as anticancer and metal ions removal from wastewater","volume":"36","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Surf. Interfaces"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-conmatphys-020911-125109","article-title":"Physics of Cancer: The Impact of\nHeterogeneity","volume":"3","author":"Zhang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Condens. Matter Phys."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090809100909200_cit145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1038\/s41568-020-0241-6","article-title":"Tumour heterogeneity and the evolutionary\ntrade-offs of cancer","volume":"20","author":"Hausser","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090809100909200_cit146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1038\/nrclinonc.2017.166","article-title":"Tumour heterogeneity and resistance\nto cancer therapies","volume":"15","author":"Dagogo-Jack","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-024-01856-7","article-title":"Exploring\ntreatment options in cancer: Tumor treatment strategies","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Signal Transduction Targeted Ther."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-025-03288-z","article-title":"MXene-based\nnanosheet for enhanced glioma therapy via photonic hyperthermia to\nboost the abscopal effect of radioimmunotherapy","volume":"23","author":"Zhu","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnol."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026090809100909200_cit149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202410537","article-title":"Fabrication of Polydopamine-Coated High-Entropy MXene\nNanosheets for Targeted Photothermal Anticancer Therapy","volume":"12","author":"Zou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090809100909200_cit150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smsc.202400492","article-title":"MXene-Integrated Composites\nfor Biomedical\nApplications: Synthesis, Cancer Diagnosis, and Emerging Frontiers","volume":"5","author":"Saxena","year":"2025","journal-title":"Small Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026090809100909200_cit151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1007\/s41127-022-00053-z","article-title":"MXenes: trends, growth, and future\ndirections","volume":"7","author":"Anasori","year":"2022","journal-title":"Graphene 2D Mater."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003366225-7","article-title":"Theranostics\nApproach of MXenes\nin Cancer Therapy","volume-title":"MXenes","author":"Mishra","year":"2024"},{"issue":"46","key":"2026090809100909200_cit153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40077","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.7b13421","article-title":"Surface Modified\nTi3C2 MXene Nanosheets for\nTumor Targeting Photothermal\/Photodynamic\/Chemo Synergistic Therapy","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nantod.2024.102285","article-title":"Spatial\ntranscriptomics reveals the interplay between cancer and immune cells\ndirected by MXene quantum dots","volume":"56","author":"Ceylan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nano Today"},{"issue":"47","key":"2026090809100909200_cit155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202406198","article-title":"Catalytically\nActive Ti-Based Nanomaterials for Hydroxyl Radical Mediated Clinical\nX-Ray Enhancement","volume":"11","author":"Gerken","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090809100909200_cit156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2024.103924","article-title":"Recent advances\nin 3D bioprinting\nfor cancer research: From precision models to personalized therapies","volume":"29","author":"Ruchika","year":"2024","journal-title":"Drug Discovery Today"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026090809100909200_cit157","first-page":"155","article-title":"Targeted Cancer Therapies","volume":"103","author":"Smith","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. Fam. Physician"},{"issue":"41","key":"2026090809100909200_cit158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22376","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202107836","article-title":"A Borondifluoride-Complex-Based\nPhotothermal Agent with an 80% Photothermal Conversion Efficiency\nfor Photothermal Therapy in the NIR-II Window","volume":"60","author":"Jiang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-0716-3995-5_23","article-title":"Omic\nEvaluation of Nanomaterial-Based Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer","volume-title":"Adult Stem Cells: Methods and Protocols","author":"Bes\u0327b\u0131nar","year":"2024"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026090809100909200_cit160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1002\/cac2.12178","article-title":"Advancing\nto the era of cancer immunotherapy","volume":"41","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Commun."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-32054-0","article-title":"Organic\nphosphorescent nanoscintillator for low-dose\nX-ray-induced photodynamic therapy","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"41","key":"2026090809100909200_cit162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202210174","article-title":"Self-Assembled Aza-Boron-Dipyrromethene\nfor Ferroptosis-Boosted Sonodynamic Therapy","volume":"61","author":"You","year":"2022","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"issue":"21","key":"2026090809100909200_cit163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13454","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.1c00381","article-title":"Recent Strategies to Develop Innovative Photosensitizers\nfor Enhanced\nPhotodynamic Therapy","volume":"121","author":"Pham","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2021.12.084","article-title":"Carbon nanomaterials for phototherapy\nof cancer and microbial infections","volume":"190","author":"Amaral","year":"2022","journal-title":"Carbon"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wnan.1930","article-title":"Nano-phototherapy:\nFavorable prospects for cancer treatment","volume":"16","author":"Merlin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Wiley\nInterdiscip. Rev.: Nanomed. Nanobiotechnol."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adom.202300802","volume-title":"Optical Bioimaging and\nTherapy","author":"Lin","year":"2023"},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2023.100825","article-title":"Synergized\nphotothermal\ntherapy and magnetic field induced hyperthermia via bismuthene for\nlung cancer combinatorial treatment","volume":"23","author":"Yilmazer","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mater.\nToday Bio"},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2023.115070","article-title":"Research progress on\ncarbon materials in tumor photothermal therapy","volume":"165","author":"Qi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"issue":"33","key":"2026090809100909200_cit169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17569","DOI":"10.1039\/D1TA04134G","article-title":"Recent advances in the photothermal\napplications of\ntwo-dimensional nanomaterials: photothermal therapy and beyond","volume":"9","author":"Ma","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. A"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.6b04339","article-title":"Two-Dimensional\nUltrathin MXene Ceramic Nanosheets for Photothermal Conversion","volume":"17","author":"Lin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nano Lett."},{"issue":"53","key":"2026090809100909200_cit171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7336","DOI":"10.1039\/D2CC01694J","article-title":"MXenes in photomedicine: advances\nand prospects","volume":"58","author":"Iravani","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chem. Commun."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2021.114099","article-title":"The 10th anniversary of MXenes: Challenges\nand prospects\nfor their surface modification toward future biotechnological applications","volume":"182","author":"Szuplewska","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Delivery Rev."},{"issue":"6547","key":"2026090809100909200_cit173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abf1581","article-title":"The world\nof two-dimensional\ncarbides and nitrides (MXenes)","volume":"372","author":"VahidMohammadi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"47","key":"2026090809100909200_cit174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202000712","article-title":"Insights into\nthe Photothermal Conversion of 2D MXene Nanomaterials: Synthesis,\nMechanism, and Applications","volume":"30","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-443-13589-7.00007-9","article-title":"MXenes in photothermal therapy","volume-title":"MXenes as Surface-Active Advanced Materials","author":"Saha","year":"2024"},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2020.126009","article-title":"Biodegradable\ntitanium nitride MXene quantum dots for cancer phototheranostics\nin NIR-I\/II biowindows","volume":"400","author":"Shao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"issue":"44","key":"2026090809100909200_cit177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202401655","article-title":"Surface Engineering\nEnhances Vanadium Carbide MXene-Based Nanoplatform Triggered by NIR-II\nfor Cancer Theranostics","volume":"20","author":"Zhu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Small"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090809100909200_cit178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc3239","article-title":"The blockade of immune checkpoints\nin cancer immunotherapy","volume":"12","author":"Pardoll","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer."},{"issue":"32","key":"2026090809100909200_cit179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202101625","article-title":"NIR-II Responsive\nInorganic\n2D Nanomaterials for Cancer Photothermal Therapy: Recent Advances\nand Future Challenges","volume":"31","author":"An","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matdes.2022.110887","article-title":"Preparation\nof NIR-sensitive, photothermal and photodynamic multi- functional\nMxene nanosheets for laryngeal cancer therapy by regulating mitochondrial\napoptosis","volume":"220","author":"Lin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mater. Des."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2022.113496","article-title":"Advanced usage of Ti3C2Tx MXenes for photothermal\ntherapy on different 3D breast cancer\nmodels","volume":"153","author":"Perini","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"issue":"25","key":"2026090809100909200_cit182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28683","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.2c08678","article-title":"MXene-Assisted\nAblation of Cells with a Pulsed Near-Infrared Laser","volume":"14","author":"Kyrylenko","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090809100909200_cit183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202307115","article-title":"Architecture of Vanadium-Based MXene Dysregulating\nTumor Redox Homeostasis\nfor Amplified Nanozyme Catalytic\/Photothermal Therapy","volume":"36","author":"Zhao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"33","key":"2026090809100909200_cit184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43302","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.4c08129","article-title":"MXene-Polydopamine-antiCEACAM1 Antibody Complex as a Strategy for\nTargeted Ablation of Melanoma","volume":"16","author":"Konieva","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater.\nInterfaces"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12645-023-00189-4","article-title":"Aptamer modified Ti3C2 nanosheets application in smart targeted photothermal therapy\nfor cancer","volume":"14","author":"Bai","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer Nanotechnol."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026090809100909200_cit186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1801","DOI":"10.1021\/acsmaterialslett.4c00472","article-title":"MXBOTs:\nBiodegradable Ti3C2 MXene-Based Microrobots\nfor Targeted Delivery and Synergistic Chemo-Photothermal Therapy","volume":"6","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Mater. Lett."},{"issue":"9","key":"2026090809100909200_cit187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1332","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics13091332","article-title":"Photodynamic Therapy\nReview: Principles, Photosensitizers, Applications,\nand Future Directions","volume":"13","author":"Correia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026090809100909200_cit188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15030585","article-title":"The Current Status of Photodynamic Therapy in Cancer\nTreatment","volume":"15","author":"Jiang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"issue":"23","key":"2026090809100909200_cit189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201900730","article-title":"Ultrasmall Oxygen-Deficient\nBimetallic\nOxide MnWOX Nanoparticles for Depletion of Endogenous GSH\nand Enhanced Sonodynamic Cancer Therapy","volume":"31","author":"Gong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv.\nMater."},{"issue":"23","key":"2026090809100909200_cit190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6597","DOI":"10.1039\/C6CS00271D","article-title":"Reactive oxygen\nspecies generating systems meeting challenges of photodynamic cancer\ntherapy","volume":"45","author":"Zhou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2019.11.034","article-title":"Ultrasound\nnanotheranostics in fighting cancer: Advances and prospects","volume":"470","author":"Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090809100909200_cit192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6042","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2023.11.297","article-title":"Synergistic\napproach to combat triple-negative breast cancer: Ti3C2\/TiO2-based photothermal therapy combined with\nsonodynamic effect for tumor ablation","volume":"50","author":"Luo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ceram.\nInt."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13014-024-02513-7","article-title":"Evaluating ECM stiffness and liver\ncancer radiation response via shear-wave elasticity in 3D culture\nmodels","volume":"19","author":"Lu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Radiat. Oncol."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026090809100909200_cit194","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202210415","article-title":"A Forward\nVision for\nChemodynamic Therapy: Issues and Opportunities","volume":"62","author":"Zhao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtcomm.2024.110579","article-title":"Antisense\noligonucleotide facilitate\nthe photothermal therapy of MXene-based nanoplatform for drug-resistant\nbreast cancer","volume":"41","author":"He","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mater. Today Commun."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2021.131925","article-title":"Self-assembled MXene-based\nSchottky-junction upon Transition\nmetal oxide for regulated tumor microenvironment and enhanced CDT\/PTT\/MRI\nactivated by NIR irradiation","volume":"427","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtchem.2024.102171","article-title":"Ti3C2Tx MXene quantum dots coated\nhollow\nmanganese dioxide nanoparticles for tumor combination therapy and\nmagnetic resonance imaging","volume":"39","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mater. Today Chem."},{"issue":"40","key":"2026090809100909200_cit198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202200263","article-title":"Thermal-Responsive\nMXene-DNA Hydrogel for Near-Infrared Light Triggered Localized Photothermal-Chemo\nSynergistic Cancer Therapy","volume":"18","author":"He","year":"2022","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2022.137691","article-title":"Engineering\nof surface\nmodified Ti3C2Tx MXene based dually controlled drug release system for synergistic\nmultitherapies of cancer","volume":"448","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"issue":"44","key":"2026090809100909200_cit200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202405124","article-title":"Near-Infrared\nLight-Triggered MXene\nNanocomposite for Tumor-Specific Mild Photothermal-Enhanced Chemodynamic\nTherapy","volume":"34","author":"Xiong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2024.114207","article-title":"Fabrication\nof albumin-Ti3C2 MXene quantum dots-based nanohybrids\nfor breast cancer imaging and synergistic photo\/chemotherapeutics","volume":"245","author":"Won","year":"2025","journal-title":"Colloids Surf., B"},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2024.113793","article-title":"Impact of UV radiation on MXene-mediated\ntubulin dissociation\nand mitochondrial apoptosis in breast cancer cells","volume":"235","author":"Tan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Colloids Surf., B"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026090809100909200_cit203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6785","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-023-04614-4","article-title":"Targeted therapy for\nosteosarcoma: a review","volume":"149","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Cancer Res. Clin.\nOncol."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026090809100909200_cit204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2023.10.005","article-title":"Anti-osteosarcoma\ntrimodal synergistic therapy using NiFe-LDH and MXene nanocomposite\nfor enhanced biocompatibility and efficacy","volume":"14","author":"Xu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Acta Pharm. Sin. B"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026090809100909200_cit205","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202303582","article-title":"Transition Metal\nOxide-Decorated\nMXenes as Drugless Nanoarchitectonics for Enriched Nanocatalytic Chemodynamic\nTreatment","volume":"13","author":"Xia","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Healthcare Mater."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-443-18770-4.00010-X","article-title":"Two-dimensional\nmaterial\u2013based\nnanomedicines for cancer immunotherapy","volume-title":"Nanomedicine in Cancer Immunotherapy","author":"Cai","year":"2024"},{"issue":"42","key":"2026090809100909200_cit207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202406529","article-title":"Multifunctional\nTheranostic 2D Vanadium Carbidel for Enhanced Cancer Immunotherapy","volume":"34","author":"Feng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090809100909200_cit208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc3237","article-title":"Combining immunotherapy\nand targeted\ntherapies in cancer treatment","volume":"12","author":"Vanneman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer."},{"issue":"21","key":"2026090809100909200_cit209","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2166","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2023022455","article-title":"Targeting the TNF\/IAP pathway synergizes\nwith anti-CD3 immunotherapy in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia","volume":"143","author":"A\u0301vila A\u0301vila","year":"2024","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit210","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2021.120709","article-title":"Nanobiomaterial-based\nvaccination\nimmunotherapy of cancer","volume":"270","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-022-03437-0","article-title":"Natural killer\ncells: a promising immunotherapy for\ncancer","volume":"20","author":"Chu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Transl. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit212","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-42365-5","article-title":"Adaptive\ndesign of mRNA-loaded extracellular\nvesicles for targeted immunotherapy of cancer","volume":"14","author":"Dong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8847","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S458086","article-title":"Nanodelivery Optimization of IDO1\nInhibitors in Tumor Immunotherapy: Challenges and Strategies","volume":"Volume 19","author":"Jiang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2024.08.001","article-title":"Targeting\nPD-1\/PD-L1 in tumor immunotherapy: Mechanisms and interactions with\nhost growth regulatory pathways","volume":"79","author":"Shen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cytokine Growth\nFactor Rev."},{"issue":"43","key":"2026090809100909200_cit215","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50002","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.3c10572","article-title":"Subtractive Nanopore Engineered MXene Photonic Nanomedicine\nwith Enhanced Capability of Photothermia and Drug Delivery for Synergistic\nTreatment of Osteosarcoma","volume":"15","author":"Hui","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater.\nInterfaces"},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nantod.2020.101023","article-title":"Nano-immunotherapy: Unique mechanisms of nanomaterials\nin synergizing cancer immunotherapy","volume":"36","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nano Today"},{"issue":"17","key":"2026090809100909200_cit217","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202203028","article-title":"Endogenous\/Exogenous\nNanovaccines Synergistically Enhance Dendritic Cell-Mediated Tumor\nImmunotherapy","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Healthcare Mater."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit218","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-024-02658-3","article-title":"Ultrasound-responsive\nBi2MoO6-MXene heterojunction as ferroptosis\ninducers for stimulating immunogenic cell death against ovarian cancer","volume":"22","author":"Cheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnol."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026090809100909200_cit219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tcr.202200268","article-title":"Recent Advances in\nthe Synthesis of MXene Quantum Dots","volume":"23","author":"Sun","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chem. Rec."},{"issue":"8","key":"2026090809100909200_cit220","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2125","DOI":"10.1515\/nanoph-2019-0550","article-title":"Two-dimensional metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes): preparation,\nproperty, and applications in cancer therapy","volume":"9","author":"Dong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nanophotonics"},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit221","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101706","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nantod.2022.101706","article-title":"Immunoengineered\nMXene nanosystem for mitigation of alloantigen presentation and prevention\nof transplant vasculopathy","volume":"48","author":"Yan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nano Today"},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit222","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.34133\/bmr.0143","article-title":"MXene-Derived\nMultifunctional Biomaterials:\nNew Opportunities for Wound Healing","volume":"29","author":"Luo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomater.\nRes."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026090809100909200_cit223","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrestox.2c00154","article-title":"Cytocompatibility of Ti3C2Tx MXene with Red Blood Cells and Human Umbilical\nVein Endothelial\nCells and the Underlying Mechanisms","volume":"36","author":"Huang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chem. Res.\nToxicol."},{"issue":"46","key":"2026090809100909200_cit224","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202106786","article-title":"Fabrication\nof Smart Tantalum Carbide MXene Quantum Dots with Intrinsic Immunomodulatory\nProperties for Treatment of Allograft Vasculopathy","volume":"31","author":"Rafieerad","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026090809100909200_cit225","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202406324","article-title":"Periodic Table of Immunomodulatory\nElements and Derived Two-Dimensional Biomaterials","volume":"12","author":"Rafieerad","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"issue":"42","key":"2026090809100909200_cit226","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202310483","article-title":"Bioactive Nb2C MXene-Functionalized\nHydrogel with Microenvironment Remodeling and Enhanced Neurogenesis\nto Promote Skeletal Muscle Regeneration and Functional Restoration","volume":"20","author":"Zheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Small"},{"issue":"10295","key":"2026090809100909200_cit227","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00233-6","article-title":"Contemporary radiotherapy: present and future","volume":"398","author":"Chandra","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit228","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-30543-w","article-title":"Nanoparticle-enhanced\nradiotherapy synergizes with\nPD-L1 blockade to limit post-surgical cancer recurrence and metastasis","volume":"13","author":"Guan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit229","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-36083-1","article-title":"Gold\nnanoparticle-enhanced X-ray microtomography\nof the rodent reveals region-specific cerebrospinal fluid circulation\nin the brain","volume":"14","author":"Pan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit230","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.614008","article-title":"Trimodality PET\/CT\/MRI\nand Radiotherapy: A Mini-Review","volume":"10","author":"Decazes","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit231","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-33489-1","article-title":"Manipulation\nof time-dependent multicolour evolution of X-ray excited afterglow\nin lanthanide-doped fluoride nanoparticles","volume":"13","author":"Lei","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit232","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-25176-4","article-title":"Polarized\nX-ray scattering measures molecular orientation in polymer-grafted\nnanoparticles","volume":"12","author":"Mukherjee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"50","key":"2026090809100909200_cit233","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202004385","article-title":"Biomimetic\nDiselenide-Bridged Mesoporous Organosilica\nNanoparticles as an X-ray-Responsive Biodegradable Carrier for Chemo-Immunotherapy","volume":"32","author":"Shao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"14","key":"2026090809100909200_cit234","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202303626","article-title":"Cancer Radiosensitization\nNanoagent to Activate cGAS-STING Pathway\nfor Molecular Imaging Guided Synergistic Radio\/Chemo\/Immunotherapy","volume":"13","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Healthcare Mater."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090809100909200_cit235","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/2053-1583\/acc413","article-title":"Comparative radiosensitization efficiency\nassessment of graphene oxide and Ti3C2 MXene\nas 2D carbon-based nanoparticles against breast cancer cells: characterization,\ntoxicity and mechanisms","volume":"10","author":"Joze-Majidi","year":"2023","journal-title":"2D Mater."},{"issue":"24","key":"2026090809100909200_cit236","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7826","DOI":"10.1039\/D3BM00607G","article-title":"X-ray radio-enhancement by Ti3C2Tx MXenes in soft\ntissue sarcoma","volume":"11","author":"Zimmermann","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomater. Sci."},{"issue":"17","key":"2026090809100909200_cit237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3303","DOI":"10.1039\/D2TB00141A","article-title":"Avenue to X-ray-induced\nphotodynamic therapy of prostatic carcinoma\nwith octahedral molybdenum cluster nanoparticles","volume":"10","author":"Koncos\u030cova\u0301","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. B"},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nantod.2023.101836","article-title":"Radiation-enhanced\nself-cascade\ncatalytic Ti3C2Tx -based platform enables controlled release of trans-resveratrol\nfor synergistic radiosensitization against metastasis of orthotopic\nbreast cancer","volume":"50","author":"Zhu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nano Today"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026090809100909200_cit239","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adbi.202300580","article-title":"Chemotherapy Assessment\nin Advanced Multicellular 3D\nModels of Pancreatic Cancer: Unravelling the Importance of Spatiotemporal\nMimicry of the Tumor Microenvironment","volume":"8","author":"Gupta","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv.\nBiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit240","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-bioeng-071910-124729","article-title":"Multiscale\ncancer modeling","volume":"13","author":"Deisboeck","year":"2011","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Biomed. Eng."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026090809100909200_cit241","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5678","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24065678","article-title":"Colorectal Cancer Bioengineered Microtissues\nas a Model to Replicate Tumor-ECM Crosstalk and Assess Drug Delivery\nSystems In Vitro","volume":"24","author":"La Rocca","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026090809100909200_cit242","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1039\/C9NH00628A","article-title":"3D cultures\nfor modeling nanomaterial-based\nphotothermal therapy","volume":"5","author":"Darrigues","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nanoscale Horiz."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090809100909200_cit243","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202305475","article-title":"Glucosylated Hybrid TiO2\/Polymer Nanomaterials\nfor Actively Targeted Sonodynamic Therapy\nof Cancer","volume":"20","author":"Zlotver","year":"2024","journal-title":"Small"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090809100909200_cit244","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.201901511","article-title":"2D MXene-Integrated 3D-Printing Scaffolds for Augmented\nOsteosarcoma Phototherapy and Accelerated Tissue Reconstruction","volume":"7","author":"Pan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026090809100909200_cit245","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1039\/C9TB02537E","article-title":"Polypropylene mesh\nfor hernia repair with controllable cell adhesion\/de-adhesion properties","volume":"8","author":"Lanzalaco","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. B"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090809100909200_cit246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1039\/D4NR04360J","article-title":"Aptamer-functionalized nucleic acid\nnanotechnology for biosensing, bioimaging and cancer therapy","volume":"17","author":"Zheng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit247","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-443-13589-7.00010-9","article-title":"MXenes in imaging","volume-title":"MXenes as Surface-Active Advanced Materials","author":"Kainat","year":"2024"},{"issue":"45","key":"2026090809100909200_cit248","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202205154","article-title":"Immune Profiling and\nMultiplexed Label-Free Detection of 2D MXenes by Mass Cytometry and\nHigh-Dimensional Imaging","volume":"34","author":"Fusco","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit249","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copbio.2007.01.003","article-title":"Fluorescence imaging\nin vivo: recent advances","volume":"18","author":"Rao","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Biotechnol."},{"issue":"11","key":"2026090809100909200_cit250","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11559","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.7b06476","article-title":"Versatile\nCutting Method for Producing Fluorescent Ultrasmall MXene\nSheets","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"15","key":"2026090809100909200_cit251","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201604847","article-title":"Photoluminescent\nTi3C2 MXene\nQuantum Dots for Multicolor Cellular Imaging","volume":"29","author":"Xue","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026090809100909200_cit252","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2770","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.4c04959","article-title":"Aptamer-Modified Ti3C2Tx MXene Fluorescent\nNanoprobe\nfor Monitoring ATP and GTP during a Mild-Photothermal-Activated Nucleolar\nStress Process in Living Cells","volume":"97","author":"Guan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit253","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2020.127735","article-title":"Biodegradable\nand photostable Nb2C MXene\nquantum dots as promising nanofluorophores for metal ions sensing\nand fluorescence imaging","volume":"309","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators, B"},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit254","first-page":"239","article-title":"Magnetic Resonance\nImaging (MRI)","volume-title":"Neonatal Brain Injury: An\nIllustrated Guide for Clinicians Counselling Parents and Caregivers","author":"Martinez-Biarge","year":"2025"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026090809100909200_cit255","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202411875","article-title":"Insights into Non-Metallic\nMagnetic\nResonance Imaging Contrast Agents: Advances and Perspectives","volume":"21","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Small"},{"issue":"20","key":"2026090809100909200_cit256","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8637","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.7b02441","article-title":"Biocompatible 2D Titanium Carbide (MXenes) Composite Nanosheets for\npH-Responsive MRI-Guided Tumor Hyperthermia","volume":"29","author":"Dai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chem. Mater."},{"issue":"48","key":"2026090809100909200_cit257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202304956","article-title":"An Ultra-Thin MXene\nFilm for Multimodal Sensing of Neuroelectrical Signals with Artifacts\nRemoval","volume":"35","author":"Song","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090809100909200_cit258","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.3390\/life12040588","article-title":"Photoacoustic Imaging in Biomedicine\nand Life Sciences","volume":"12","author":"Neprokin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Life"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090809100909200_cit259","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1710","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.2c04953","article-title":"3-Bromopyruvate-Loaded\nTi3C2 MXene\/Cu2O Nanosheets for Photoacoustic\nImaging-Guided and Hypoxia-Relieving Enhanced Photothermal\/Chemodynamic\nTherapy","volume":"95","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"16","key":"2026090809100909200_cit260","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6601","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201916748","article-title":"Algae Extraction Controllable Delamination\nof Vanadium Carbide Nanosheets with Enhanced Near-Infrared Photothermal\nPerformance","volume":"59","author":"Zada","year":"2020","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"issue":"13","key":"2026090809100909200_cit261","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics14131431","article-title":"Technological Advances in SPECT and SPECT\/CT Imaging","volume":"14","author":"Bouchareb","year":"2024","journal-title":"Diagnostics"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090809100909200_cit262","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1007\/s12149-024-01908-6","article-title":"Simultaneous evaluation of brain metastasis and thoracic cancer using\nsemiconductor 11C-methionine PET\/CT imaging","volume":"38","author":"Kaneko","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann. Nucl. Med."},{"issue":"19","key":"2026090809100909200_cit263","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2641","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201300081","article-title":"Nano-sized CT contrast\nagents","volume":"25","author":"Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"12","key":"2026090809100909200_cit264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12696","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.7b07241","article-title":"Two-Dimensional Tantalum\nCarbide (MXenes) Composite Nanosheets for Multiple Imaging-Guided\nPhotothermal Tumor Ablation","volume":"11","author":"Dai","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090809100909200_cit265","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201703284","article-title":"Theranostic\n2D Tantalum Carbide (MXene)","volume":"30","author":"Lin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026090809100909200_cit266","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1648","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.23369","article-title":"2D Superparamagnetic Tantalum Carbide\nComposite MXenes for Efficient Breast-Cancer Theranostics","volume":"8","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026090809100909200_cit267","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3674","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.6b00181","article-title":"Antibacterial Activity\nof Ti3C2Tx MXene","volume":"10","author":"Rasool","year":"2016","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"40","key":"2026090809100909200_cit268","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18684","DOI":"10.1039\/D4NR02843K","article-title":"Advanced\napproaches\nin skin wound healing - a review on the multifunctional properties\nof MXenes in therapy and sensing","volume":"16","author":"Ferrara","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026090809100909200_cit269","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2352","DOI":"10.3390\/polym15102352","article-title":"Antimicrobial and\nMechanical Properties of Ag@Ti3C2Tx -Modified PVA Composite Hydrogels Enhanced with\nQuaternary Ammonium Chitosan","volume":"15","author":"Guo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"issue":"24","key":"2026090809100909200_cit270","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30728","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.4c03587","article-title":"Dual pH- and\nATP-Responsive\nAntibacterial Nanospray: On-Demand Release of Antibacterial Factors,\nImaging Monitoring, and Accelerated Healing of Bacteria-Infected Wounds\nunder NIR Activation","volume":"16","author":"Ding","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"issue":"Pt A","key":"2026090809100909200_cit271","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2023.09.097","article-title":"Ag-MXene\nas peroxidase-mimicking nanozyme for enhanced bacteriocide\nand cholesterol sensing","volume":"653","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Colloid Interface\nSci."},{"issue":"35","key":"2026090809100909200_cit272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202402530","article-title":"Engineered\nProbiotic Bio-Heterojunction with Robust Antibiofilm Modality\nvia \u2033Eating\u2033 Extracellular Polymeric Substances for\nWound Regeneration","volume":"36","author":"Qin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026090809100909200_cit273","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1007\/s40843-020-1451-7","article-title":"Rapid eradication of\nantibiotic-resistant\nbacteria and biofilms by MXene and near-infrared light through photothermal\nablation","volume":"64","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. China Mater."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit274","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2023.124482","article-title":"Photothermal\nand natural activity-based synergistic antibacterial effects of Ti3C2Tx MXene-loaded chitosan\nhydrogel against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"240","author":"Dong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"issue":"11","key":"2026090809100909200_cit275","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11372","DOI":"10.1021\/acsanm.0c02463","article-title":"Effect\nof Sheet Size and Atomic Structure on the Antibacterial Activity of\nNb-MXene Nanosheets","volume":"3","author":"Pandey","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Nano Mater."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit276","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2023.122074","article-title":"Oxygen-vacancy-rich\nmolybdenum carbide MXene nanonetworks for ultrasound-triggered and\ncapturing-enhanced sonocatalytic bacteria eradication","volume":"296","author":"Zong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026090809100909200_cit277","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202310320","article-title":"Neutrophil Function Conversion Driven by Immune Switchpoint\nRegulator\nagainst Diabetes-Related Biofilm Infections","volume":"36","author":"Guo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.0c08045","article-title":"Niobium Carbide MXene Augmented Medical Implant Elicits\nBacterial Infection Elimination and Tissue Regeneration","volume":"15","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit279","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nantod.2021.101136","article-title":"2D MXenes with antiviral\nand immunomodulatory properties: A pilot study against SARS-CoV-2","volume":"38","author":"Unal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nano Today"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026090809100909200_cit280","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smtd.202300044","article-title":"Low Dose of Ti3C2 MXene Quantum Dots Mitigate SARS-CoV-2 Infection","volume":"7","author":"Yilmazer","year":"2023","journal-title":"Small Methods"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026090809100909200_cit281","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro3028","article-title":"Antimicrobial\nactivity\nof metals: mechanisms, molecular targets and applications","volume":"11","author":"Lemire","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"issue":"14","key":"2026090809100909200_cit282","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202206716","article-title":"MXenes Antibacterial Properties and\nApplications: A Review and Perspective","volume":"19","author":"Seidi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Small"},{"issue":"48","key":"2026090809100909200_cit283","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202414111","article-title":"Elaborated Bio-Heterojunction With\nRobust Sterilization Effect for Infected Tissue Regeneration via Activating\nCompetent Cell-Like Antibacterial Tactic","volume":"36","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv.\nMater."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090809100909200_cit284","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.3390\/nano12040713","article-title":"Synthesis, Characterization, Photocatalysis,\nand Antibacterial Study of WO3, MXene and WO3\/MXene Nanocomposite","volume":"12","author":"Warsi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nanomaterials"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090809100909200_cit285","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1925","DOI":"10.1021\/acsanm.5c04961","article-title":"Critical Assessment\nof Intrinsic Antibacterial Properties and Photothermal Therapy Potential\nof MXene Nanosheets","volume":"9","author":"Korniienko","year":"2026","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Nano Mater."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit286","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.05.002","article-title":"Antibacterial\nMXenes: An emerging non-antibiotic paradigm for surface\nengineering of orthopedic and dental implants","volume":"51","author":"Gnanasekar","year":"2025","journal-title":"Bioact. Mater."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit287","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nxmate.2025.101574","article-title":"MXene-enhanced polymer\nnanocomposite membranes for next-generation wastewater treatment and\ndesalination","volume":"10","author":"Jain","year":"2026","journal-title":"Next Mater."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090809100909200_cit288","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1007\/s44174-023-00147-z","article-title":"Nanotechnology-Enabled Biosensors:\nA Review of Fundamentals,\nMaterials, Applications, Challenges, and Future Scope","volume":"2","author":"Abdel-Karim","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomed. Mater. Devices"},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit289","first-page":"1880","article-title":"The Effectiveness of Nonpharmacological\nInterventions in the Management of Chemotherapy Physical side effects:\nA systematic review","volume-title":"Healthcare","author":"Di Mattei","year":"2024"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090809100909200_cit290","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202205249","article-title":"2D MXene-Based\nBiosensing: A Review","volume":"19","author":"Amara","year":"2023","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit291","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-20581-1_7","article-title":"Synthesis of two-dimensional\nmetal, metal oxide and metal hydroxide nanomaterials for biosensing","volume-title":"Nanozymes in Medicine","author":"Singh","year":"2023"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090809100909200_cit292","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.3390\/s21041109","article-title":"A Review on Biosensors\nand Recent\nDevelopment of Nanostructured Materials-Enabled Biosensors","volume":"21","author":"Naresh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit293","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s43246-025-00756-9","article-title":"Antibody-functionalized\nMXene-based electrochemical biosensor for point-of-care detection\nof vitamin D deficiency","volume":"6","author":"Barman","year":"2025","journal-title":"Commun. Mater."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit294","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surfin.2022.102596","article-title":"Recent advancement\nin sensitive detection\nof carcinoembryonic antigen using nanomaterials based immunosensors","volume":"36","author":"Manaf","year":"2023","journal-title":"Surf. Interfaces"},{"issue":"23","key":"2026090809100909200_cit295","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1890","DOI":"10.3390\/nano14231890","article-title":"Innovative Carbonaceous\nMaterials\nand Metal\/Metal Oxide Nanoparticles for Electrochemical Biosensor\nApplications","volume":"14","author":"Channabasavana Hundi Puttaningaiah","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nanomaterials"},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit296","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sintl.2023.100257","article-title":"Biosensors\nand their widespread impact on human health","volume":"5","author":"Bhatia","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sens. Int."},{"issue":"11","key":"2026090809100909200_cit297","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.3390\/chemosensors9110299","article-title":"The Challenges\nof Developing Biosensors for Clinical Assessment: A Review","volume":"9","author":"Prabowo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chemosensors"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit298","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2011.06.044","article-title":"Tri-enzyme\nfunctionalized ZnO-NPs\/CHIT\/c-MWCNT\/PANI composite film for amperometric\ndetermination of creatinine","volume":"28","author":"Yadav","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2020.09.004","article-title":"Fe2O3\/polyaniline supramolecular\nnanocomposite: A receptor free sensor platform for the quantitative\ndetermination of serum creatinine","volume":"1137","author":"Sriramprabha","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anal. Chim.\nActa"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026090809100909200_cit300","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6603","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.4c01451","article-title":"Software Integrated Personalized\nBiosensing Device for Serum Creatinine Detection Based on Boron doped\nMXene Nanohybrid","volume":"10","author":"Divya","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng."},{"issue":"9","key":"2026090809100909200_cit301","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00604-024-06606-8","article-title":"Point-of-care testing\ndevice platform for the determination of creatinine on an enzyme@CS\/PB\/MXene@AuNP-based\nscreen-printed carbon electrode","volume":"191","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Microchim.\nActa"},{"issue":"41","key":"2026090809100909200_cit302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55155","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.4c13013","article-title":"Fully Integrated Biosensing\nSystem for Dynamic Monitoring of Sweat Glucose and Real-Time pH Adjustment\nBased on 3D Graphene MXene Aerogel","volume":"16","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Appl.\nMater. Interfaces"},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit303","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2024.161411","article-title":"Two dimensional\nFeVO4 nanoflakes decorated on Ti3C2 MXene hybrid nanocomposites as a novel effective electrochemical\nbiosensor for ultrasensitive and selective detection of serotonin\n(5-HT)","volume":"680","author":"Ilanchezhiyan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Appl. Surf. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090809100909200_cit304","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.3390\/biology12020232","article-title":"Overview of Optical\nBiosensors for Early Cancer Detection: Fundamentals, Applications\nand Future Perspectives","volume":"12","author":"Azab","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biology"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090809100909200_cit305","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1992","DOI":"10.1021\/acssensors.3c02784","article-title":"A Co-Reactive\nImmunosensor Based\non Ti3C2Tx MXene@\nTiO2\u2013MoS2 Hybrids Promoting luminol@\nAu@ Ni\u2013Co NCs Electrochemiluminescence for CYFRA 21\u20131\nDetection","volume":"9","author":"Ren","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Sens."},{"issue":"8","key":"2026090809100909200_cit306","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202104567","article-title":"Near-Infrared-II Quantum Dots for\nIn Vivo Imaging and\nCancer Therapy","volume":"18","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Small"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit307","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21820","article-title":"Cancer statistics,\n2024","volume":"74","author":"Siegel","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ca-Cancer J. Clin."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit308","volume-title":"Biosensor Based\nAdvanced Cancer Diagnostics","author":"Khan andS","year":"2021"},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit309","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2023.134886","article-title":"Early cancer\ndetection based on exosome biosensors in biological samples","volume":"400","author":"Uyar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators, B"},{"issue":"51","key":"2026090809100909200_cit310","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17086","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.1c04184","article-title":"MXene-Derived\nQuantum Dot@Gold Nanobones Heterostructure-Based Electrochemiluminescence\nSensor for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Diagnosis","volume":"93","author":"Nie","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit311","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2024.150835","article-title":"Accurate\ndiagnosis\nof thyroid cancer using a combination of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy\nof exosome on MXene-coated gold@silver core@shell nanoparticle substrate\nand deep learning","volume":"488","author":"Sun","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"issue":"15","key":"2026090809100909200_cit312","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202206494","article-title":"Engineering\nthe MoS2\/MXene Heterostructure for Precise\nand Noninvasive Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer with Clinical Specimens","volume":"10","author":"Xie","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit313","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2024.126893","article-title":"A disposable ultrasensitive immunosensor\nbased on MXene\/NH2-CNT modified screen-printed electrode\nfor the detection of ovarian cancer antigen CA125","volume":"281","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Talanta"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026090809100909200_cit314","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5142","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.3c00281","article-title":"Combined Ultrasensitive\nDetection of Renal Cancer Proteins and Cells Using an Optical Microfiber\nFunctionalized with Ti3C2 MXene and Gold Nanorod-Nanosensitized\nInterfaces","volume":"95","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"18","key":"2026090809100909200_cit315","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22776","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.3c19396","article-title":"Exosome Isolation and\nDetection:\nFrom Microfluidic Chips to Nanoplasmonic Biosensor","volume":"16","author":"Shen","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026090809100909200_cit316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5546","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.0c00469","article-title":"In Situ Formation of\nGold Nanoparticles\nDecorated Ti3C2 MXenes Nanoprobe for Highly\nSensitive Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence Detection of Exosomes\nand Their Surface Proteins","volume":"92","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"23","key":"2026090809100909200_cit317","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202308897","article-title":"Interface-Engineered\n2D Heterojunction\nwith Photoelectric Dual Gain: Mxene@MOF-Enhanced SPR Spectroscopy\nfor Direct Sensing of Exosomes","volume":"20","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit318","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microc.2022.108121","article-title":"Recent progress in synthesis and applications of MXene-based\nnanomaterials (MBNs) for (bio)sensing of microbial toxins, pathogenic\nbacteria in food matrices","volume":"183","author":"Kandeel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Microchem. J."},{"issue":"9","key":"2026090809100909200_cit319","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5009","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23095009","article-title":"Camelid Single-Domain Antibodies:\nPromises and Challenges\nas Lifesaving Treatments","volume":"23","author":"Arbabi-Ghahroudi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026090809100909200_cit320","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5994","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24065994","article-title":"NANOBODIES: A Review of Generation, Diagnostics and Therapeutics","volume":"24","author":"Jin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"49","key":"2026090809100909200_cit321","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19678","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.4c04826","article-title":"Development of a Dual-Epitope\nNanobody-Based Immunosensor with MXenes@CNTs@AuNPs for Ultrasensitive\nDetection of Rotavirus","volume":"96","author":"Hu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit322","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1007\/s11581-023-05251-0","article-title":"A new electrochemical\nDNA biosensor based on the density control strategy of Ti3C2NH2 MXene@ Au nanocomposites for the detection\nof hepatitis B virus-DNA","volume":"30","author":"Fan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ionics"},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit323","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1007\/s41127-024-00076-8","article-title":"Multi-year study of\nenvironmental stability of Ti3C2Tx MXene films","volume":"9","author":"Lee","year":"2024","journal-title":"Graphene 2D Mater."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit324","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioelechem.2023.108610","article-title":"A ratiometric molecular\nimprinted electrochemiluminescence sensor\nbased on enhanced luminescence of CdSe@ZnS quantum dots by MXene@NaAsc\nfor detecting uric acid","volume":"156","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Bioelectrochemistry"},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit325","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2023.115914","article-title":"N-doped TiO2\/Ti3C2-driven self-photocatalytic\nmolecularly imprinted ECL sensor for sensitive and steady detection\nof dexamethasone","volume":"247","author":"Kuang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit326","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2023.134781","article-title":"Ultrasensitive\naggregation-induced\nelectrochemiluminescence sensor for dopamine detection in polymer\nhydrogel system","volume":"398","author":"Xie","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators, B"},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit327","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2024.116080","article-title":"Zinc porphyrin\/MXene\nhybrids with\nphosphate-induced stimuli-responsive behavior for dual-mode fluorescent\/electrochemiluminescent\nratiometric biosensing","volume":"251","author":"Sun","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"issue":"24","key":"2026090809100909200_cit328","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31610","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.4c05685","article-title":"Polyaromatic\nHydrocarbon-Functionalized 2D MXene-Based 3D Porous Antifouling Nanocomposite\nwith Long Shelf Life for High-Performance Electrochemical Immunosensor\nApplications","volume":"16","author":"Reza","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"issue":"21","key":"2026090809100909200_cit329","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27714","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.4c01973","article-title":"Molecularly\nImprinted Polymer Biosensor Based on Nitrogen-Doped\nElectrochemically Exfoliated Graphene\/Ti3 CNTX MXene Nanocomposite for Metabolites Detection","volume":"16","author":"Babamiri","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"issue":"23","key":"2026090809100909200_cit330","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30196","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.4c04567","article-title":"Study of V2CTx-MXene Based Immunosensor for Sensitive Label-Free\nImpedimetric Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein","volume":"16","author":"Tasic\u0301","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2023.125301","article-title":"MXene quantum\ndots bipolar electrochemiluminescent\nplatform for hepatitis C virus envelope protein E2 detection","volume":"268","author":"Gao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Talanta"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit332","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00604-023-06100-7","article-title":"Tungsten-based\npolyoxometalate nanoclusters with remarkable reactive oxygen species-scavenging\nactivity efficiently quenched luminol-based electrochemiluminescence\nfor sensitive detection of Her-2","volume":"191","author":"Lu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Microchim.\nActa"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026090809100909200_cit333","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00604-024-06469-z","article-title":"An electrochemical\nimmunosensor based on MXene-GQD\/AuNPs for the detection of trace amounts\nof CA-125 as specific tracer of ovarian cancer","volume":"191","author":"Gharehaghaji","year":"2024","journal-title":"Microchim. Acta"},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit334","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.135381","article-title":"Electrochemiluminescent biosensor based on ECL-RET\nbetween Ru@TiO2 -MXene and Pd@UiO-66-NH2 for\nthe detection of carcinoembryonic antigens","volume":"405","author":"Cheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators, B"},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit335","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2024.126343","article-title":"MoS2\/MXene Van der Waals heterojunction-based electrochemiluminescence\nsensor for triple negative breast cancer detection","volume":"277","author":"Sun","year":"2024","journal-title":"Talanta"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-09398-1","article-title":"Additive-free MXene\ninks and direct printing of micro-supercapacitors","volume":"10","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit337","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-49011-8","article-title":"Machine intelligence accelerated design of conductive\nMXene aerogels with programmable properties","volume":"15","author":"Shrestha","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"49","key":"2026090809100909200_cit338","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36835","DOI":"10.1039\/D4RA06384H","article-title":"MXenes and artificial\nintelligence: fostering advancements in synthesis techniques and breakthroughs\nin applications","volume":"14","author":"Iravani","year":"2024","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit339","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-66902-4","article-title":"Real-time tracking\nof structural\nevolution in 2D MXenes using theory-enhanced machine learning","volume":"14","author":"Hollenbach","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"31","key":"2026090809100909200_cit340","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41583","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.4c10043","article-title":"MXene-Based\nSkin-Like Hydrogel Sensor and Machine Learning-Assisted Handwriting\nRecognition","volume":"16","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"issue":"n\/a","key":"2026090809100909200_cit341","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tcr.202500272","article-title":"MXene-Based Intelligent\nBioelectronic Interfaces: Emerging Platforms for Sensing, Energy Storage,\nand Therapeutic Applications","volume":"26","author":"Sarac","year":"2026","journal-title":"Chem. Rec."},{"issue":"27","key":"2026090809100909200_cit342","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25363","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.5c06893","article-title":"DNA-Mediated\nBioinspired MXene Gas\nSensor Array with Machine Learning for Noninvasive Cancer Recognition","volume":"19","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit343","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-55287-7","article-title":"A Bayesian active learning platform\nfor scalable combination drug screens","volume":"16","author":"Tosh","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat.\nCommun."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026090809100909200_cit344","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-023-01572-3","article-title":"First-in-human\ncontrolled\ninhalation of thin graphene oxide nanosheets to study acute cardiorespiratory\nresponses","volume":"19","author":"Andrews","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Nanotechnol."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026090809100909200_cit345","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-019-0269-6","article-title":"Enhancing cancer\nimmunotherapy with\nnanomedicine","volume":"20","author":"Irvine","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev.: Immunol."},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit346","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.flatc.2023.100484","article-title":"A comprehensive\nreview on graphene oxide-based nanocarriers: Synthesis, functionalization\nand biomedical applications","volume":"38","author":"Sontakke","year":"2023","journal-title":"FlatChem"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026090809100909200_cit347","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202104559","article-title":"Innate but Not Adaptive Immunity Regulates Lung Recovery from Chronic\nExposure to Graphene Oxide Nanosheets","volume":"9","author":"Loret","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv.\nSci."},{"issue":"15","key":"2026090809100909200_cit348","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4400","DOI":"10.1039\/C7CS00363C","article-title":"Promises, facts and\nchallenges for graphene in biomedical applications","volume":"46","author":"Reina","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026090809100909200_cit349","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat1849","article-title":"The rise\nof graphene","volume":"6","author":"Geim","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Mater."},{"issue":"6181","key":"2026090809100909200_cit350","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1246736","article-title":"Materials\nscience. Exploring the\ninterface of graphene and biology","volume":"344","author":"Kostarelos","year":"2014","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit351","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms6259","article-title":"Transparent and flexible\nlow noise graphene electrodes for simultaneous electrophysiology and\nneuroimaging","volume":"5","author":"Kuzum","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"13","key":"2026090809100909200_cit352","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202107554","article-title":"Recent Advances in\nOxidation Stable Chemistry of 2D MXenes","volume":"34","author":"Cao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv.\nMater."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090809100909200_cit353","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1038\/nchem.1589","article-title":"The chemistry of two-dimensional\nlayered transition metal dichalcogenide nanosheets","volume":"5","author":"Chhowalla","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Chem."},{"issue":"6153","key":"2026090809100909200_cit354","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1502","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1241488","article-title":"Cation intercalation and high volumetric\ncapacitance of two-dimensional titanium carbide","volume":"341","author":"Lukatskaya","year":"2013","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"7529","key":"2026090809100909200_cit355","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13970","article-title":"Conductive two-dimensional titanium carbide \u2019clay\u2019\nwith high volumetric capacitance","volume":"516","author":"Ghidiu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1007\/s40820-023-01069-7","article-title":"Progression\nin the Oxidation Stability of MXenes","volume":"15","author":"Soomro","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nano-Micro\nLett."},{"issue":"24\u201325","key":"2026090809100909200_cit357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2008.04.047","article-title":"Conducting\npolymers for neural interfaces: challenges in developing an effective\nlong-term implant","volume":"29","author":"Green","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090809100909200_cit358","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1892","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.3c01770","article-title":"Multifunctional MXene-Based\nPlatforms for Soft and Bone Tissue Regeneration and Engineering","volume":"10","author":"Iravani","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng."},{"issue":"9","key":"2026090809100909200_cit359","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4854","DOI":"10.1039\/D4NR04260C","article-title":"Bioactive\nsurface-functionalized\nMXenes for biomedicine","volume":"17","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"issue":"38","key":"2026090809100909200_cit360","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19516","DOI":"10.1039\/D0NR05746K","article-title":"Recent advances in ultrathin two-dimensional\nmaterials and biomedical applications for reactive oxygen species\ngeneration and scavenging","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"key":"2026090809100909200_cit361","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2024.1338539","article-title":"MXene: A wonderful\nnanomaterial in antibacterial","volume":"12","author":"Ye","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Bioeng.\nBiotechnol."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026090809100909200_cit362","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.3390\/bios15030127","article-title":"MXene-Based Electrochemical Biosensors:\nAdvancing Detection Strategies for Biosensing (2020\u20132024)","volume":"15","author":"Sengupta","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biosensors"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit363","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matt.2023.10.026","article-title":"Tuning the\ntransformation and cellular signaling of 2D titanium carbide MXenes\nusing a natural antioxidant","volume":"7","author":"Malina","year":"2024","journal-title":"Matter"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809100909200_cit364","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-023-02755-2","article-title":"High-throughput density\nfunctional\ntheory screening of double transition metal MXene precursors","volume":"10","author":"Nykiel","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Data"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026090809100909200_cit365","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1797","DOI":"10.3390\/nano12111797","article-title":"Synthesis, Toxicity Assessment, Environmental and Biomedical\nApplications of MXenes: A Review","volume":"12","author":"Vasyukova","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nanomaterials"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026090809100909200_cit366","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.3390\/nano12050828","article-title":"Safety Assessment\nof 2D MXenes: In\nVitro and In Vivo","volume":"12","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nanomaterials"},{"issue":"16","key":"2026090809100909200_cit367","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202308225","article-title":"Fluorine-Free MXenes: Recent Advances,\nSynthesis Strategies, and\nMechanisms","volume":"20","author":"Kumar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Small"}],"container-title":["ACS Nano"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/ancac3\/article-pdf\/20\/35\/24189\/67368939\/acsnano.6c05051.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/ancac3\/article-pdf\/20\/35\/24189\/67368939\/acsnano.6c05051.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T13:10:23Z","timestamp":1788873023000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/ancac3\/article\/20\/35\/24189\/5325894\/MXene-Chemistries-for-Biomedicine-On-Body-In-Body"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]]},"references-count":367,"journal-issue":{"issue":"35","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsnano.6c05051","relation":{},"ISSN":["1936-0851","1936-086X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1936-0851","type":"print"},{"value":"1936-086X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]]}}}