{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T20:34:59Z","timestamp":1791664499819,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"34","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787270400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003246","name":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["17188"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17188"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003246","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004543","name":"China Scholarship Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["202106150016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202106150016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004543","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004543","name":"China Scholarship Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["202206120047"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202206120047"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004543","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Shortwave infrared (SWIR) photodetectors are crucial for emerging technologies such as autonomous driving, smart agriculture, industrial inspection, and eye-safe LiDAR. Colloidal indium arsenide (InAs) quantum dots (QDs) offer a low-cost, RoHS-compliant alternative to epitaxial III\u2013V semiconductors. But their performance is limited by a high density of surface trap states that induce nonradiative recombination and potentially give rise to a high dark current in photodiodes. Here, we demonstrate that InF3 can effectively passivate these surface traps, significantly improving both optical and electronic properties. In nonpolar solvents, a simple InF3 treatment on oleylamine\/chloride-capped In(As,P) and oleate-capped InAs QDs increases the photoluminescence quantum yield to 13% and 4%, respectively\u2500the highest reported for core-only InAs QDs. In polar media, the InF3 treatment remains effective but reduces colloidal stability. To overcome this limitation, a solid-state in situ InF3 treatment of QD films was used. The treatment doubles the carrier lifetime and lowers the dark carrier density, confirmed by ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy, microwave conductivity, and electrochemically gated transistor measurements. In SWIR photodetectors, this leads to an order-of-magnitude reduction in dark current density and a 3-fold increase in the calculated specific detectivity, assuming it is shot-noise-limited. Temperature-dependent dark current density and thermal admittance spectroscopy measurements reveal that deep trap states dominate the dark current in InAs QDs photodetectors. The InF3 treatment strongly suppresses these traps. These findings establish InF3 passivation as a powerful, promising strategy for mitigating surface-trap-induced dark current and advancing high-performance, RoHS-compliant SWIR photodetectors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.6c06196","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,22]],"date-time":"2026-08-22T15:21:48Z","timestamp":1787412108000},"page":"23822-23836","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["InF3 Surface\nPassivation on InAs Quantum\nDots Enhances Photoluminescence and Reduces Trap-Induced Dark Current\nin Shortwave Infrared Photodetectors"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-3391-9403","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hua","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Delft University of Technology , , Van der Maasweg 9 , ,","place":["Delft, The Netherlands, 2629 HZ"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boris B.","family":"Claus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Delft University of Technology , , Van der Maasweg 9 , ,","place":["Delft, The Netherlands, 2629 HZ"]},{"name":"IMEC , Kapeldreef 75 , ,","place":["Leuven, Belgium, 3001"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1988-9324","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Wenya","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IMEC , Kapeldreef 75 , ,","place":["Leuven, Belgium, 3001"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Vildanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IMEC , Kapeldreef 75 , ,","place":["Leuven, Belgium, 3001"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lara M.","family":"van der Poll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Delft University of Technology , , Van der Maasweg 9 , ,","place":["Delft, The Netherlands, 2629 HZ"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"van Aken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Delft University of Technology , , Van der Maasweg 9 , ,","place":["Delft, The Netherlands, 2629 HZ"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1975-7292","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yan B.","family":"Vogel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Delft University of Technology , , Van der Maasweg 9 , ,","place":["Delft, The Netherlands, 2629 HZ"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3361-0433","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jing","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ghent University , , ,","place":["Gent, Belgium, 9000"]},{"name":"Ghent University , , ,","place":["Gent, Belgium, 9000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-8303-9870","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yun","family":"Hai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Groningen , , Nijenborgh 4 , ,","place":["Groningen, The Netherlands, 9747AG"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yigithan M.","family":"Kose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IMEC , Kapeldreef 75 , ,","place":["Leuven, Belgium, 3001"]},{"name":"KU Leuven , , ,","place":["Leuven, Belgium, 3001"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0403-602X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Maria Isabel","family":"Pintor Monroy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IMEC , Kapeldreef 75 , ,","place":["Leuven, Belgium, 3001"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9776-9881","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Loredana","family":"Protesescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Groningen , , Nijenborgh 4 , ,","place":["Groningen, The Netherlands, 9747AG"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1435-9885","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tom J.","family":"Savenije","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Delft University of Technology , , Van der Maasweg 9 , ,","place":["Delft, The Netherlands, 2629 HZ"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7041-3375","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zeger","family":"Hens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ghent University , , ,","place":["Gent, Belgium, 9000"]},{"name":"Ghent University , , ,","place":["Gent, Belgium, 9000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5188-6652","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Itai","family":"Lieberman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IMEC , Kapeldreef 75 , ,","place":["Leuven, Belgium, 3001"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8328-443X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Arjan J.","family":"Houtepen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Delft University of Technology , , Van der Maasweg 9 , ,","place":["Delft, The Netherlands, 2629 HZ"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"41","key":"2026090306575621900_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2406950","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202406950","article-title":"Sensitive\nSWIR Organic Photodetectors with Spectral Response Reaching 1.5 \u03bcm","volume":"36","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"17","key":"2026090306575621900_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2200844","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202200844","article-title":"Colloidal III\u2013V Quantum Dot\nPhotodiodes for Short-Wave Infrared Photodetection","volume":"9","author":"Leemans","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"issue":"28","key":"2026090306575621900_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2201424","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202201424","article-title":"Photodetectors\nBased on Lead Sulfide Quantum Dot and Organic Absorbers for Multispectral\nSensing in the Visible to Short-Wave Infrared Range","volume":"32","author":"Pejovic\u0301","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026090306575621900_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2840","DOI":"10.1109\/TED.2021.3133191","article-title":"Infrared\nColloidal Quantum Dot Image Sensors","volume":"69","author":"Pejovic","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Trans.\nElectron Devices"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090306575621900_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1038\/s41566-019-0362-1","article-title":"Dual-Band\nInfrared Imaging Using Stacked Colloidal Quantum Dot Photodiodes","volume":"13","author":"Tang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Photonics"},{"issue":"28","key":"2026090306575621900_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2402002","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202402002","article-title":"Short-Wave Infrared Colloidal QD Photodetector\nwith\nNanosecond Response Times Enabled by Ultrathin Absorber Layers","volume":"36","author":"Deng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"24","key":"2026090306575621900_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9861","DOI":"10.1039\/D2CS00490A","article-title":"Indium Arsenide\nQuantum Dots: An Alternative to Lead-Based Infrared Emitting Nanomaterials","volume":"51","author":"Bahmani Jalali","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"issue":"23","key":"2026090306575621900_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10515","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.2c02994","article-title":"ZnCl2 Mediated Synthesis\nof InAs Nanocrystals with Aminoarsine","volume":"144","author":"Zhu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Am.\nChem. Soc."},{"issue":"8","key":"2026090306575621900_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8227","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.4c17941","article-title":"Fuzzy Band Structure of Quantum Dots\nby Bloch Orbital Expansion: Unconventional Insights into Geometric-Electronic\nStructure Relations","volume":"19","author":"Hens","year":"2025","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"39","key":"2026090306575621900_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34807","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.5c10371","article-title":"Unveiling the Role of ZnCl2 in Enhancing the Photoluminescence\nEfficiency of Amino-As-Based InAs@ZnSe Quantum Dots","volume":"19","author":"Zhu","year":"2025","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"2026090306575621900_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21984","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.6c06931","article-title":"Surface Orbitals\nand Facet Tolerance in III-V Quantum Dots","volume":"20","author":"De Vlamynck","year":"2026","journal-title":"ACS\nNano"},{"issue":"29","key":"2026090306575621900_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e01512","DOI":"10.1002\/adom.202501512","article-title":"Overcoming the Short-Wave Infrared Barrier in the\nPhotoluminescence of Amino-As-Based InAs Quantum Dots","volume":"13","author":"Panda","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Opt. Mater."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090306575621900_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1038\/s41427-023-00477-w","article-title":"Chemically and Electronically Active Metal Ions on InAs Quantum Dots\nfor Infrared Detectors","volume":"15","author":"Kim","year":"2023","journal-title":"NPG Asia Mater."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090306575621900_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4267","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-06399-4","article-title":"Energy Level Tuned\nIndium Arsenide Colloidal Quantum Dot Films for Efficient Photovoltaics","volume":"9","author":"Song","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"33","key":"2026090306575621900_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2203039","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202203039","article-title":"Fast Near-Infrared\nPhotodetection\nUsing III\u2013V Colloidal Quantum Dots","volume":"34","author":"Sun","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090306575621900_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1021\/acsenergylett.3c02515","article-title":"High-Affinity\nLigand-Enhanced Passivation of Group III\u2013V Colloidal Quantum\nDots for Sensitive Near-Infrared Photodetection","volume":"9","author":"Jung","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Energy Lett."},{"issue":"13","key":"2026090306575621900_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2306798","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202306798","article-title":"Colloidal InAs\nQuantum Dot-Based\nInfrared Optoelectronics Enabled by Universal Dual-Ligand Passivation","volume":"11","author":"Si","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"issue":"28","key":"2026090306575621900_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2301842","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202301842","article-title":"Sequential\nCo-Passivation in InAs Colloidal Quantum Dot Solids Enables Efficient\nNear-Infrared Photodetectors","volume":"35","author":"Xia","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"18","key":"2026090306575621900_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2419020","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202419020","article-title":"Improved Facet\nand Edge Passivation in Near-Infrared III-V Colloidal Quantum Dot\nPhotodetectors","volume":"37","author":"Xia","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"36","key":"2026090306575621900_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32780","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.5c11108","article-title":"InAs Colloidal Quantum\nDot Photodiode Stack for CMOS-Integrated Infrared Imaging","volume":"19","author":"Siddik","year":"2025","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090306575621900_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5352","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-40620-3","article-title":"Flexible and\nBroadband Colloidal Quantum Dots Photodiode\nArray for Pixel-Level X-Ray to near-Infrared Image Fusion","volume":"14","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"23","key":"2026090306575621900_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4711","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpclett.5b02202","article-title":"Tolerance\nof Intrinsic\nDefects in PbS Quantum Dots","volume":"6","author":"Zherebetskyy","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem.\nLett."},{"issue":"22","key":"2026090306575621900_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14685","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.4c03290","article-title":"Near-Unity Photoluminescence\nQuantum\nYield of Core-Only InP Quantum Dots via a Simple Postsynthetic InF3 Treatment","volume":"18","author":"Stam","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026090306575621900_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11529","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.8b06692","article-title":"Trap Passivation in Indium-Based\nQuantum Dots through Surface Fluorination: Mechanism and Applications","volume":"12","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"22","key":"2026090306575621900_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10093","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.2c02800","article-title":"A Water-Free\nIn Situ HF Treatment for Ultrabright InP Quantum Dots","volume":"34","author":"Ubbink","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chem. Mater."},{"issue":"19","key":"2026090306575621900_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5722","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.4c00610","article-title":"Metal Fluorides Passivate II\u2013VI\nand III\u2013V\nQuantum Dots","volume":"24","author":"Valleix","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nano Lett."},{"issue":"20","key":"2026090306575621900_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20002","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.3c05138","article-title":"Formation of Colloidal\nIn(As,P) Quantum Dots Active in the Short-Wave\nInfrared, Promoting Growth through Temperature Ramps","volume":"17","author":"Leemans","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026090306575621900_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3623","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.8b01137","article-title":"Monodisperse\nInAs Quantum Dots from Aminoarsine Precursors: Understanding the Role\nof Reducing Agent","volume":"30","author":"Srivastava","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chem. Mater."},{"issue":"9","key":"2026090306575621900_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4088","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.9b12350","article-title":"Scalable Synthesis of InAs Quantum Dots Mediated through\nIndium Redox Chemistry","volume":"142","author":"Ginterseder","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"issue":"41","key":"2026090306575621900_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13485","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.6b07533","article-title":"InAs Colloidal\nQuantum Dots Synthesis via Aminopnictogen Precursor Chemistry","volume":"138","author":"Grigel","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"issue":"52","key":"2026090306575621900_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48046","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.5c13963","article-title":"Overcoming\nthe Luminescence Efficiency Limitations of InP Magic-Sized Clusters","volume":"147","author":"Joo","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"issue":"32","key":"2026090306575621900_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2500280","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202500280","article-title":"Colloidal InAs Quantum Dots: Synthesis,\nProperties,\nand Optoelectronic Devices","volume":"35","author":"Hu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"issue":"20","key":"2026090306575621900_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200901","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0206018","article-title":"The \u201cEnergy\nGap Law\u201d for Mid-Infrared Nanocrystals","volume":"160","author":"Kamath","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Chem. Phys."},{"issue":"21","key":"2026090306575621900_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1844","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.200305395","article-title":"Colloidal PbS Nanocrystals with Size-Tunable Near-Infrared\nEmission: Observation of Post-Synthesis Self-Narrowing of the Particle\nSize Distribution","volume":"15","author":"Hines","year":"2003","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"41","key":"2026090306575621900_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10634","DOI":"10.1021\/jp021187e","article-title":"Interband and Intraband Optical Studies\nof PbSe Colloidal Quantum Dots","volume":"106","author":"Wehrenberg","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem.\nB"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090306575621900_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1038\/s43586-025-00413-y","article-title":"Colloidal Quantum Dots for Optoelectronics","volume":"5","author":"Houtepen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Methods Primers"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090306575621900_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1021\/ja108948z","article-title":"A Generalized Ligand-Exchange\nStrategy Enabling Sequential\nSurface Functionalization of Colloidal Nanocrystals","volume":"133","author":"Dong","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090306575621900_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat4526","article-title":"The Surface Science\nof Nanocrystals","volume":"15","author":"Boles","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Mater."},{"issue":"18","key":"2026090306575621900_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12808","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.4c03325","article-title":"Metal\u2013Solvent\nComplex Formation at the Surface\nof InP Colloidal Quantum Dots","volume":"146","author":"Hai","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem.\nSoc."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090306575621900_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2329","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms3329","article-title":"Disorder\nStrongly Enhances Auger Recombination in Conductive Quantum-Dot Solids","volume":"4","author":"Gao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"12","key":"2026090306575621900_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5471","DOI":"10.1021\/nl203235u","article-title":"Enhanced Hot-Carrier Cooling and\nUltrafast Spectral Diffusion in Strongly Coupled PbSe Quantum-Dot\nSolids","volume":"11","author":"Gao","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nano Lett."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090306575621900_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.6b04201","article-title":"Charge\nCarrier Hopping Dynamics in Homogeneously Broadened PbS Quantum Dot\nSolids","volume":"17","author":"Gilmore","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nano Lett."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090306575621900_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2401246","DOI":"10.1002\/smtd.202401246","article-title":"Additive-Free Sequential Thermal Evaporation of Near-Intrinsic\nPb-Sn\nPerovskites","volume":"9","author":"van der Poll","year":"2025","journal-title":"Small Methods"},{"issue":"19","key":"2026090306575621900_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7611","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.5c00816","article-title":"Quantitative Analysis of the Doping\nand Defect Density in Mixed Sn\u2013Pb Perovskites Mediated by SnF 2","volume":"37","author":"Nespoli","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chem. 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